2024命题预测:我看高考英语七选五任务型阅读--屏“气”凝“神” 宏“观”微“行”

2024命题预测：我看高考英语七选五任务型阅读---屏“气”凝“神”   宏“观”微“行”

 私家英语 优秀教师 John

高考七选五任务型阅读篇章体裁主要是说明文，而且更大的可能是主题是由approaches、ways、tips、 strategies、secrets等名词领衔的建议方法类，后面阐述主题往往是呈并列关系的具体讲解how这个话题的说明文，当然近些年也有追求变化的趋势，即在七选五任务型阅读篇章中围绕某种社会现象、科学知识、心理问题泛泛而谈结构不是非常规范的说明文。

下面我们结合最近两年高考真题来分析一下这两种不同类型的高考七选五任务型阅读篇章:

2023年1月浙江省首考英语七选五任务型阅读篇章

With gas prices rising and airport security lines snaking longer than ever, why not book your next domestic vacation on a train? Compared to other alternatives, it’s comfortable and relaxing.

Here is some advice on how to make a trip by rail as pleasant as possible.

Plan ahead

Most long-distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly.

36. _________________ But no matter when you travel, it’s a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.

Use a travel agent

Consider turning your travel plan over to a travel agent and letting him double-check all the details, make suggestions, and then handle the actual reservations. A good one can sometimes find you discounted tickets. 37. ______________ Then you won’t have to walk through several cars on a moving train three times a day for your meals.

Bring a blanket

When you're riding on trains, you won’t be provided with a blanket for free, even if your trip is an overnight one. 38. ______________ In the summer in particular, the air conditioning can make them quite cold.

Arrive early

Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster. 39.____________ Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times.

Have fun

40. _____________ Read a book, knit, do a crossword puzzle, or simply watch the world unfold outside the window. To calculate your speed as you do, divide 3,600 (the number of seconds in an hour) by the number of seconds it takes you to travel one mile (the distance between two mileposts). If it takes the train 53 seconds to travel one mile, you're going 67.92 mph.

A. Train trips aren’t for impatient types.

B. You’ll have views from both sides of the train.

C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control.

D. That’s particularly true during busy summer months.

E. You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one.

F. Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom.

G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner.

2024年1月浙江省首考英语七选五任务型阅读篇章

In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. ____36____ But are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you? ____37____ We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses.

The most obvious advantages of online learning is that you can study anywhere and anytime. ____38____“I think a point that many people lose sight of is how easy it can be to fall behind schedule,” says graduate student Amanda Bindman. Before choosing to study online, consider whether you’re a self-motivated learner and if the material seems interesting enough to keep you going.

The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in-person courses. ____39____ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards.

____40____ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in-person meetings with your professor to discuss course concepts.

A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.

B. Your motivation should be your main concern.

C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education?

D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online.

E. The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction.

F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade?

G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.

2023年1月浙江省首考英语七选五任务型阅读篇章即为传统模式的语篇，第一段运用综合法，即事例法、提问法和反衬法来引出第二段的主题词advice，而后面五段则是并列的具体的方法how。从结构上来看，本篇说明文结构相当清晰。

从命题干扰项特点上来看，B项和F项都是实写的内容，分别从风景和价格角度上讲解火车旅行的特点，这样设计具有一定的干扰性。从难度系数上说来，这篇七选五任务型阅读达到0.55，具有中等难度。

2024年1月浙江省首考英语七选五任务型阅读篇章却是创新性的语篇，第一段照样运用综合法，即事例法、反衬法和提问法来引出第二段的主题词advice，而后面三段则是分别讲述红色的what（advantage）、 how（tip）和黑色的what（problem)、。从结构上来看，本篇说明文相对比较复杂。

它的题源出处来自Elissa Gurman 在2019年4月15日所写语段：Advice on how to make online courses work for you。当然，为了适用于高考，命题者进行了适当的改编，在难度系数上大大降低。

命题干扰项特点虚实结合，干扰性更加强，在难度系数上达到了0.52，明显在难度上远超2023年1月份七选五任务型阅读语篇，预测2024年6月份高考七选五任务型阅读理解语篇的难度系数在0.5至0.52之间。

但是不管哪一种类型的七选五任务型阅读语篇，我们在解答此类题目的时候必须屏“气”凝“神”、   宏“观”微“行”，只有如此去解答，我们才能取得理想的结果。

一、宏“观”

宏“观”指的是对语篇整体结构进行分析，分析内容包括语篇的主题（topic）、语篇的引出手法（包括直白法、反衬法、提问法、事例法和综合法这五种手法）以及对于语篇主题的阐述内容，即how（使用方法和存在情况）、why（产生这种现象的原因）和what（这种现象造成的结果和人们对这种现象的评价）。

为了直观起见，我们可以采用思维导图的形式来对语篇的宏观结构进行解剖。

从宏 “观”上来看，这篇说明文采取综合法引出主题词advice，而后面的五段是并列的how方面的阐述，分别从planning、agent、blanket、time和fun给出了相应的意见。

二、微“行”

光有宏 “观” 肯定是不行的，我们还要进行微“行”，即在微观层面甄别选项的差别、语篇空缺部分内容的性质以及选项与空缺部分内容的相互匹配。

下面我们还是以2023年1月浙江省首考英语七选五任务型阅读篇章为例来说明微“行”层面的操作：

36题属于建议之一，即“planning”方面的建议，这里从细节上说来，需要黑色贬义的why内容，即解释为什么要进行旅行攻略, 仔细比对七个选项，只有D项That’s particularly true during busy summer months符合黑色贬义、具体描写和符合题意的要求，其中关键词busy更是把这句话染成黑色，也提供了理由说明旅行攻略的重要性。

37题属于建议之二, 即“agent”方面的建议，这里主要讲解雇佣agent的好处,也就是褒义的what内容，这里需要的选项既要褒义，又要具体描写，同时内容上又是讲解雇佣agent的好处，带着这几个要求，我们微“观”剩下六个选项，最后我们只能把目光聚焦到G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that’s right next to the diner. 这个选项讲述“经纪人可以帮人预定靠近餐车的卧车”，与下面的内容无缝对接。

38题属于建议之三，即“blanket”方面的建议，此题应该与第36题在性质上相同，需要黑色贬义的why内容，也就是讲述不带blanket所产生的后果，从反方向说明它的必要性。那么我们再微“观”剩下的五个选项，不难发现只有C项The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control符合这些要求。其中尤其是形容词hard把整句话变成黑色内容。

39题属于建议之四，即“time”方面的建议，此题应该与第37题在性质上相同，只不过在色彩上刚好相反，也就是讲述错过火车班次所产生的后果，讲述的是黑色的what。那么我们再微“观”剩下的四个选项，不难发现只有E项You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one. 符合这些要求。其中谓语动词部分might have to wait把整句话变成黑色内容。

40题，也就是最后一题，讲述火车旅行心态上的问题，这里需要虚线红色的内容，长度上来说不应该太长，选项A. Train trips aren’t for impatient types采用了负负得正、双重否定表示肯定的写作手法。而实际上它是唯一符合要求的选项。

下面笔者来谈一下针对2024年6月份七选五任务型阅读语篇的临考备考建议：

1. 树立分析语篇结构的意识，平时多注意画思维导图，养成通过运用思维导图来解答题目的习惯。

2. 考前适当进行针对性的训练，既要练习传统型的七选五任务型阅读语篇，也要练习当下新型的七选五任务型阅读语篇，只有两种题型都有所准备，才能有备无患。

3. 注意七选五任务型阅读语篇特有的词汇使用和结构行文特点，做到如此步骤可以化繁为简，提高解题效率。

在高考考场中，解答高考七选五任务型阅读，我们必须屏心静气，采用精致的手法，注意使用上面分析的策略，宏观上勾勒结构和主题，微观上把握甄别具体信息，在5分钟左右快速解答这个题型，再用两分钟来检查一下答题情况，只有如此双管齐下才能取得理想成绩。