高考英语必刷题集 语言知识运用专项习题二(解析版)
语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2019·河南五校联考]Paul was my neighbor and primary school classmate. He would take
wonderful panda face cookies to school every year as his birthday __1__
. I would always follow him when he shared the cookies with the other
classmates, just in case someone had been __2__ and as a result he had
a(n) __3__ cookie or two. Somehow, one cookie __4__ long enough
for me to show it to my mother. She got the __5__ from Paul's mother and
bought the special cookie cutter (切割工具) at Morley
Brothers, our local hardware shop.
Over the years, my mother and I
would __6__ to make these cookies. After I got married, I bought my own
cookie cutter and the cookies remained a __7__ for New Year. Later, my
mother gave me her cutter. I __8__ both of the panda face cookie cutters
__9__ Morley Brothers had closed and we never saw anything even __10__
these panda faces.
One year, the two cutters were
waiting to be handwashed and __11__ for another year, after I made the
cookies. Well, my oldest daughter decided to help by __12__ the
dishwasher.You guessed it... __13__ , the two treasured plastic cutters,
came out totally __14__ . I knew that if I could not __15__ them,
a longstanding tradition would come to a __16__ .
After several telephone enquiries,
I learned a woman named Pat Kimbrel had __17__ the hardware business
from her grandmother. I was __18__ ! Immediately, I called and
eventually I got four panda face cookie cutters.
Now the family tradition is __19__
in both our and our daughters' houses. So, Pat, thanks to you and your
grandmother. You just never know how many lives you affect or for how many
years the __20__ will be felt.
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历 主题：做饼干传统
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。做熊猫饼干是作者的家庭传统，对熊猫饼干模具的特殊情怀在作者的母亲、作者及作者的女儿三代人中传承。
1．A.benefit B．wish
C．treat D．game
答案与解析：C 每年保罗生日的时候他总会带精美的熊猫饼干到学校作为他生日的款待(treat)。
2．A.curious B．free
C．absent D．cautious
答案与解析：C 根据文中的“He would take wonderful panda face cookies to school every year”“I
would always follow him... classmates, just in case... or two”可知，每年生日那天，保罗都会带着精美的饼干到学校，而作者在保罗给其他同学分饼干时总会跟着他，心想着，万一有人没来上学，保罗就会有额外的一两块儿饼干。absent“缺席，不在”，符合语境。curious“好奇的”；free“自由的”；cautious“谨慎的”。
3．A.delicious B．extra
C．instant D．similar
答案与解析：B 参见上题解析。delicious“美味的”；extra“额外的”；instant“即食的”；similar“相似的”。
4．A.appeared B．expanded
C．sold D．survived
答案与解析：D 根据下文中的“to show it to my mother”可知，有一年，作者总算是把一块儿饼干留下了，并拿给母亲看。survive“幸存”，符合语境。appear“出现”；expand“膨胀”；sell“出售”。
5．A.recipe B．response
C．award D．comment
答案与解析：A 根据下文提及的作者的母亲购买饼干模具及制作饼干的内容可知，此处指作者的母亲向保罗的母亲要了饼干的制作方法。recipe“烹饪法，食谱”，符合语境。response“反应”；award“奖，奖品”；comment“评论”。
6．A.manage B．continue
C．expect D．struggle
答案与解析：B 根据语境可知，许多年来，作者和母亲继续(continue)做着饼干。manage“勉力完成”，expect“期待”；struggle“努力”。
7．A.program B．challenge
C．must D．memory
答案与解析：C 根据语境可知，此处指对作者来说，在新年制作熊猫饼干已经成为必做之事。must“必须做(或看、买等)的事”。
8．A.guarded B．accepted
C．spared D．equipped
答案与解析：A 根据下文中的“Morley Brothers had closed”“the two treasured plastic cutters”可知，作者对两个熊猫饼干模具爱护有加，因为作者当初购买模具的五金店Morley Brothers已停业了，而作者再也没有见过任何与它们形似的模具。guard“保卫，保护”，符合语境。accept“接受”；spare“拨出，留出”；equip“装备”。
9．A.if B．unless
C．though D．because
答案与解析：D 参见上题解析。
10．A.combining B．resembling
C．representing D．suiting
答案与解析：B 此处表示作者再也没有见过任何与它们形似的模具。resemble“看起来像”，符合语境。
11．A.set down B．saved on
C．put away D．brought up
答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“for another year, after I made the cookies”可知，作者做完饼干后，原打算手洗这些模具，然后把它们收起来以便来年再用。put away“将……收起，把……放回原处”，符合语境。set down“记下，登记”；save on“节省，节约”；bring up“提出”。
12．A.loading B．handling
C．covering D．fixing
答案与解析：A 作者的大女儿决定帮忙，把模具放进了洗碗机里。load“装上，装入”，符合语境。load
the dishwasher是固定搭配，意为“把碗碟放进洗碗机”。handle“处理”；cover“覆盖”；fix“修理”。
13．A.Obviously B．Surprisingly
C．Hopefully D．Unfortunately
答案与解析：D 根据语境可知，不幸的是，这两个珍贵的塑料模具取出后根本没法儿用了(可能被洗碗机洗得变形了)。obviously“显然，明显地”；surprisingly“惊人地”；hopefully“有希望地”；unfortunately“不幸地”。
14．A.invalid B．unusable
C．invaluable D．unavailable
答案与解析：B 参见上题解析。invalid“无效的”；unusable“不能使用的”；invaluable“极宝贵的”；unavailable“难以获得的”。
15．A.copy B．identify
C．replace D．share
答案与解析：C 作者知道如果她不更换它们的话，长久以来的传统就会中断。replace“更换”，符合语境。copy“复制”；identify“识别”；share“分享”。
16．A.fall B．head
C．deal D．stop
答案与解析：D 参见上题解析。come to a stop“停止，暂停”，符合语境。come to a head“事情达到紧要关头；到达关键点”；come to a deal“达成协议”。
17．A.taken over B．taken up
C．taken down D．taken to
答案与解析：A 作者通过多次电话询问得知，一个叫Pat Kimbrel的女人接管了那家五金店的五金制品生意。take over“接管，接任”，符合语境。take up“开始从事”；take down“记下；取下”；take
to“喜欢上……，对……产生好感”。
18．A.shocked B．touched
C．concerned D．excited
答案与解析：D 作者想要更换自己家不能用的饼干模具，既然经过多方打听发现能找到卖家，当然会很激动、很兴奋。excited“激动的，兴奋的”，符合语境。shocked“震惊的”；touched“受感动的”；concerned“担心的”。
19．A.observed B．inspired
C．learnt D．taught
答案与解析：A 此处指现在，这一家庭传统在作者家和作者女儿们家传承。observe“遵守；奉行”，符合语境。
20．A.pleasure B．influence
C．appreciation D．motivation
答案与解析：B 根据上文中的“how many lives you affect”可知，此处与affect相呼应，表示影响会持续许多年。influence“影响”，符合语境。pleasure“快乐”；appreciation“感激”；motivation“动机”。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2019·安徽省三模]Transportation actually came into the picture when man discovered
his business skills, and when his desire to take control and rule grew. Some
people traveled to learn, __1__ some traveled to fight. Both ways, human
beings had to find means of transport on water.
Initially, boats were constructed
by __2__ (tie) bamboo poles (竹竿)
together. But this was a very basic and small invention when traveling for
short distances. Man learned to create much __3__ (big) boats that used
manpower or winds as the time passed and the need __4__ (rise). Man is
known to have traveled far and wide using such boats and ships. The invention
of engines revolutionized this mode as __5__ (huge) as any other mode of
transport.
These days, in __6__ form
of either the naval forces of a country or the cruise ships (大型游轮), large ships travel the __7__ (long) of oceans. They are
unsinkable cities that __8__ (drive) by large engines on the water
surface. This is, however, a slow mode of transport these days as __9__
(compare) to many others. But who wants to hurry up when you are inside a
comfortable cruise ship which is as good as a complete city __10__ no
flaws (缺陷) at all?
体裁：说明文 题材：交通 主题：水上交通工具
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了水上交通工具的出现、发展及现状。
1．答案与解析：while/but 考查并列连词。本空用并列连词while连接两个并列句，表示转折和对比，也可以用but表示转折。
2．答案与解析：tying 考查非谓语动词。本空用所给动词的ing形式作介词by的宾语，tie“(用线、绳等)系，绑，捆，束”，其ing形式是tying。
3．答案与解析：bigger 考查形容词的比较级。根据短文的内容及空格所在句的含义及逻辑关系可知，本空应用所给形容词的比较级bigger“更大的”，这里更大的船是与前面的小竹筏作对比的。空前的much用来修饰比较级。
4．答案与解析：rose 考查时态。根据as“随着”可知，主句和从句的动作都发生在过去，主句用了一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时。
5．答案与解析：hugely 考查副词。本空用所给单词的副词形式在句中作状语修饰谓语动词。
6．答案与解析：the 考查冠词。本空填the构成in
the form of短语，表示“以……形式”。
7．答案与解析：length(s) 考查名词。run/stretch/walk etc.the
(full) length of sth.是固定搭配，表示“横跨/延伸/走过某物的整个长度”。此处为同种用法，表示“横跨海洋”。length作“长度”讲时既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，故此处可填length，也可理解为空后的oceans为复数，故length也可用复数。
8．答案与解析：are driven 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句意和分析句子结构可知，此处that引导定语从句，先行词为主句主语They(指代前一句中的“large ships”)，空处为定语从句的谓语。由于定语从句叙述的是一般情况，定语从句的主语that为复数概念且与drive为被动关系，故填are driven。
9．答案与解析：compared 考查非谓语动词/状语从句的省略。本空用所给动词的过去分词作状语，表示被动和完成。又可理解为as compared to many others是状语从句的省略结构，省略了it
is。
10．答案与解析：with 考查介词。当你身处一个像一座没有任何缺陷的完整城市一样的舒适的游轮中时，谁还想匆匆忙忙的呢？with表示“有”，此处with与后面的no一起连用相当于without。
语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2019·安徽模拟]In Germany, it's normal to wear your own clothes at school, since
there are no rules about uniform. So why did a few schoolmates and I spend two
days __1__ around the school in uniform? In fact, during these two days,
a rather __2__ event took place: our MUN (Model United Nations)
Conference.
It is a conference __3__
for students from all German schools who want to see how the United Nations
really works. They get an opportunity to __4__ a country, maybe one they
don't know much about, and __5__ debate with other students from
different __6__ on real problems the world is facing now. The aim is to
write a __7__ at the end, which will help deal with them.
The __8__ of our conference
was “Transcend Borders: Discover Peace”，which __9__ that the students would be looking at what caused __10__
among countries and how to overcome it. “Transcend” is just a longer __11__
for “cross”．
However, the students __12__
breaking down not only physical national boundaries, but also those __13__
different nationalities. Of course, this included how to help others who are
forced to flee their homeland, for the people __14__ all students.
Not only was the conference a __15__
of thinking about difficult global problems, but also everyone had to speak in
English while using correct debating language too. __16__ job! But of
course this was a brilliant __17__ for everyone there, and after a
while, you couldn't even __18__ the students weren't speaking in their
first language!
I'd really __19__ joining
in a conference if you get the chance, and sharing your __20__. It's the
best way to meet new people and to think about how to make the world a better
place.
体裁：记叙文 题材：学校生活 主题：模拟联合国会议
【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。作者是一名德国的学生，讲述了自己参加MUN (Model United Nations) Conference (模拟联合国会议)活动的经历，在活动中学生们用辩论的方式探讨世界面临的实际问题。
【高频词回顾】 break down 破坏，消除(尤指某种感情或态度)；砸破 awkwardadj.难处理的；令人尴尬的；笨拙的 recommend v．推荐，介绍；劝告
1．A.talking B．wandering
C．thinking D．debating
答案与解析：B 依据句子中的“the school”和下文的参加模拟联合国会议可知，作者和同学们穿着校服穿梭在校园中。wander around...表示“在……漫步”。
2．A.special B．absurd
C．tough D．popular
答案与解析：A 模拟联合国会议是一个特设的活动。special“特设的，有专门作用的”；absurd“荒谬的”；tough“艰难的”；popular“受欢迎的，流行的”。
3．A.provided B．intended
C．celebrated D．known
答案与解析：B 依据下文的“They get an opportunity to __4__ a country... now”可知，这个活动是专门为学生举办，让学生参与的。(be) intended for意为“专门为……设计”。
4．A.visit B．manage
C．represent D．defend
答案与解析：C 因为学生参与的是模拟联合国会议的活动，因此学生们有可能代表一个国家。represent表示“代表”。
5．A.softly B．secretly
C．unexpectedly D．heatedly
答案与解析：D 依据句中的“debate with other students... problems the world is facing now”可知，代表不同国家的学生们就世界正面临的真正问题进行辩论，heatedly“激烈地”符合语境。
6．A.ages B．classes
C．schools D．countries
答案与解析：C 依据上文的“It is a conference __3__ for students from all German
schools”可知，参与的学生来自德国各地的学校，所以此处指来自不同学校的学生。
7．A.settlement B．report
C．passage D．summary
答案与解析：A 依据下文的“which will help deal with them”可知，最终的目的是达成一个有助于解决问题的协议。settlement“协议”。
8．A.course B．purpose
C．plan D．theme
答案与解析：D 本句中的“Transcend Borders: Discover Peace”是会议的主题，因此选theme。
9．A.informs B．responds
C．means D．guarantees
答案与解析：C 下文的“the students would be looking at what... overcome that”是解释主题定为“Transcend Borders: Discover Peace”的意义，因此选means，表示“意味着”。
10．A.disagreement B．discussion
C．competition D．complaint
答案与解析：A 学生们研究什么导致了国家之间的分歧(disagreement)以及如何解决它。
11．A.process B．phrase
C．time D．word
答案与解析：D 本句中的cross解释transcend。相对来讲，transcend是一个较长的单词。
12．A.gave up B．focused on
C．brought up D．broke into
答案与解析：B 然而，学生们不仅关注打破国界，而且也关注打破民族之间的界限。focus on“集中(注意力、精力)于”符合语境。give up“放弃”；bring up“抚养；提出”；break
into“闯入”。
13．A.beside B．beyond
C．behind D．between
答案与解析：D 依据句中的“different nationalities”可知，这里指在各民族之间存在的界限，因此选between。
14．A.concerned B．attracted
C．changed D．bothered
答案与解析：A 该活动包含如何帮助那些被迫背井离乡的人们，因为所有学生都为这些人担忧。concern“使担忧”。
15．A.possibility B．challenge
C．conversation D．chance
答案与解析：B 依据下文的“thinking about difficult global problems, but also everyone had to
speak in English”可知，这里指参加该活动的学生们面临的挑战。
16．A.Interesting B．Discouraging
C．Awkward D．Useful
答案与解析：C 依据上文提到的思考复杂的全球性问题，用英语和正确的辩论用语表达观点可知，这对学生而言是一项难办的任务。awkward意为“难处理的，难对付的”。
17．A.show B．practice
C．result D．example
答案与解析：B 但这也是一次很棒的训练，过了一会儿，你甚至分辨不出学生们不是在用自己的母语说话。practice“训练，练习”。
18．A.check B．guess
C．tell D．hear
答案与解析：C 参见上题解析。check“检查；查明”；guess“猜测”；tell“知道，确切地判断”；hear“听到”。
19．A.recommend B．consider
C．imagine D．avoid
答案与解析：A 依据句中的“if you get the chance”可知，作者推荐(recommend)读者参加这样的活动。
20．A.feelings B．troubles
C．sufferings D．ideas
答案与解析：D 依据上文内容可知，参加这样的活动需要陈述和分享自己的观点，因此选ideas。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2019·洛阳市统考]My mom was a nurse and often took me along to visit the __1__
(family) she was caring for, including one who had a series of strokes (中风) and was bedridden. One afternoon Mom told me that we needed to
visit the woman __2__ (give) her medications, and that we would stop at
a store __3__ the way. I thought we would stop at a drugstore, but we
pulled up to a shopping mall.
My mom __4__ (head) to the
perfume (香水) counter and bought the most expensive
bottle they offered. She also bought a beautiful nightdress. When I asked her
who they were for, she said they were for her patient. She __5__ (far)
explained although this woman was old and bedridden, she was still a lady, and
__6__ old deserved to be treated with respect and grace. When __7__
(care) for someone, we should look past the disability or the illness and look
into the soul of the human, so we can connect them with sympathy. I soon
realized that my mom's greatest __8__ (strong) was taking care of those
who cannot advocate for __9__ (they) and need trustworthy care
providers. That's __10__ I wanted to become a doctor.
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历 主题：体贴的护士妈妈
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。妈妈经常带“我”去看望她的病人。她不仅关心病人的身体，还关心病人的心理健康。在妈妈的影响下，“我”想成为一名医生。
1．答案与解析：families 考查名词的单复数。根据下文中的“including one”并结合语境可知，病人不止一个，涉及不同的家庭，故填families。
2．答案与解析：to give 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式，故填to
give。
3．答案与解析：on 考查介词。on the way意为“在路上”，为固定用法，故填on。
4．答案与解析：headed 考查动词的时态。根据该句中的“bought”可知，此处描述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填headed。
5．答案与解析：further 考查副词的比较级。根据语境可知，“我”不明白妈妈为什么这么做，所以妈妈进一步解释给“我”听。故填further。
6．答案与解析：the 考查冠词。“the＋某些形容词”表示一类人，the old表示“老年人”。故填the。
7．答案与解析：caring 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为分词短语作时间状语， care和其逻辑主语we是主谓关系，应用现在分词，故填caring。
8．答案与解析：strength 考查词形转换。根据前面的形容词最高级“greatest”和空后的“was”可知，空处应用名词，故填strength。
9．答案与解析：themselves 考查代词。此处作for的宾语，表示“为他们自己”，故填themselves。
10．答案与解析：why 考查名词性从句。句意：那就是我“想”要成为一名医生的原因。That's why...表示“那就是……的原因”，故填why。
语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
[2019·武汉调研]Paul looked out of the window of the classroom and sighed. The
driveway was still __1__ and it was getting dark. His dad had said that
he would __2__ him up by 5：30, but it was almost
seven and Paul hadn't heard a word from him. Paul __3__ to do some of
his reading homework. __4__， he couldn't help
thinking of his dad. He knew that his dad had a __5__ and a life, but he
couldn't __6__ why he was always breaking his __7__.
The next day at school, Paul
didn't __8__ his math homework. Paul's teacher noticed his unusually __9__performance
and asked him why. Paul didn't want to __10__ him. He knew that if he
started talking, a flood of __11__ would pour out. He just wanted to be
alone with his __12__， so he sat there
__13__， not even looking at the teacher. “Well
Paul, you can't have this thing eat you up. The sooner you get it off your __14__， the sooner you can __15__.”
As Paul walked home from school,
he __16__ the things the teacher had told him. Paul knew that he hadn't
__17__ himself recently. Maybe he stopped doing his work because he was
looking for __18__ from his father. He knew his teacher was __19__
and decided to take the teacher's advice. When Paul got home, by a
hearttoheart talk with his dad, he __20__ his feelings and finally
understood his dad.
体裁：记叙文 题材：人物故事 主题：情感转变
【语篇解读】 文章主要讲述了一个男孩在等他的父亲接他放学，可是他的父亲一直都没有出现，这导致他心情郁闷，甚至不能上交他的作业，最后他的内心产生了一些改变。
1．A.dusty B．noisy
C．empty D．leafy
答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“His dad had said that he would... him up by 5：30, but it was almost seven and Paul hadn't heard a word from him.”可知，天色已晚，车道仍然是空的，保罗的父亲还没来。empty意为“空的”，符合语境。
2．A.lift B．pick
C．call D．put
答案与解析：B 根据空前的The driveway和下文可知，保罗的父亲之前曾说会在5：30之前开车来接他，但是快到7：00了父亲仍没有来。pick up意为“接载，搭载”，符合语境。
3．A.tried B．seemed
C．preferred D．pretended
答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，保罗努力做一些阅读作业，但是却总忍不住想他的父亲。try意为“努力”，符合语境。
4．A.Undoubtedly B．Honestly
C．Thus D．However
答案与解析：D 设空处前的“do some of his reading homework”和设空处后的“he
couldn't help thinking of his dad”为转折关系。however意为“然而；可是”，符合语境。
5．A.job B．problem
C．qualification D．document
答案与解析：A 根据语境及设空处后的and a life可知，保罗知道父亲有自己的工作和生活。job意为“工作”，符合语境。
6．A.believe B．analyze
C．confirm D．understand
答案与解析：D 根据空前的“He knew that his dad had a．.. and a life,
but he couldn't”可知，保罗虽然知道父亲有自己的工作和生活，但是他不能理解为什么父亲总是食言。understand意为“理解”，与前半句中的knew相呼应，符合语境。
7．A.records B．barriers
C．promises D．habits
答案与解析：C 根据上文可知，保罗的父亲告诉他会在5：30之前开车来接他，但是快到7：00了他仍没有来，由此可知，父亲食言了。break one's promise意为“食言”，符合语境。
8．A.turn over B．turn in
C．complete D．do
答案与解析：B 根据下文中的“Paul's teacher noticed his unusually... performance and asked him
why.”可知，保罗第二天上学没有上交他的数学作业。turn in意为“上交”，符合语境。
9．A.poor B．superior
C．memorable D．strong
答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，保罗并没有上交作业，所以在老师看来，这是不寻常的不好的表现。poor意为“不好的；差的”，符合语境。
10．A.disturb B．interrupt
C．tell D．track
答案与解析：C 根据下文中的“He knew that if he started talking, a flood of... would pour out.”可知，保罗不想告诉老师原因。tell意为“告诉”，符合语境。
11．A.homework B．revision
C．inquiries D．emotions
答案与解析：D 根据上文可知，保罗并不想告诉老师自己表现差的原因，因为他觉得一旦开始谈论，他就将会
12．A.study B．pain
C．responsibility D．sympathy
答案与解析：B 根据上文可知，保罗的父亲总是不能遵守他对保罗的承诺，所以他很伤心，此处指保罗只想带着这种痛苦的情绪，一个人待一会儿。pain意为“疼痛；痛苦”，符合语境。
13．A.quietly B．tentatively
C．voluntarily D．unconditionally
答案与解析：A 根据上文中的“Paul didn't want to... He knew that if he started talking, a flood
of... He just wanted to be alone with his... so he sat there.”可知，保罗不想回答老师的问题，只想一个人待一会儿，所以他安静地坐在那里。quietly意为“安静地；秘密地；平稳地”，符合语境。
14．A.routine B．plan
C．chest D．curriculum
答案与解析：C 根据上文中的“you can't have this thing eat you up”可知，老师在劝说保罗，此处
15．A.heal B．remember
C．continue D．leave
答案与解析：A 根据语境可知，此处指老师建议保罗越快倾吐心中的烦恼，就能越快地治愈(内心的痛苦)。heal意为“治愈”，符合语境。
16．A.gave up B．reflected on
C．heard of D．dreamed about
答案与解析：B 根据文章最后一段中的“He knew his teacher... and decided to take the teacher's advice.”可知，保罗在放学回家的路上仔细思考老师告诉他的事情。reflect on意为“仔细思考”，符合语境。
17．A.persuaded B．encouraged
C．defended D．been
答案与解析：D 根据上文可知，保罗因父亲总是不信守对自己的承诺而感到难过，一直不在状态。not be oneself表示“不在状态”，符合语境。persuade意为“说服，劝说”；encourage意为“鼓励；支持；促进；鼓动”；defend意为“辩护”。
18．A.freedom B．expectation
C．guidance D．attention
答案与解析：D 根据上文可知，保罗没有上交作业，再结合常识可知，他这么做的原因可能是想在他父亲那里寻求关注。attention意为“注意力；关心”，符合语境。freedom意为“自由，自主”；expectation意为“期待；预期；指望”；guidance意为“指导，引导”，故选D项。
19．A.kind B．right
C．objective D．qualified
答案与解析：B 根据设空处后的“and decided to take the teacher's advice”可知，保
20．A.hid B．strengthened
C．expressed D．abandoned
答案与解析：C 根据上文及空后的feelings可知，保罗向父亲表达了自己的感受，最后理解了父亲。express意为“表达”，符合语境。hide意为“隐藏”；strengthen意为“加强”；abandon意为“放弃”。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
[2019·贵阳期末监测]As the effects of global warming, rising sea levels and natural
disasters become more serious __1__ before, some local communities are
taking action. Among them is one community in Florida __2__ local people
and government officials are proving successful in protecting __3__
(coast) cities from the dangers of rising sea levels.
The community has studied how much
sea levels will rise and has suggested
__4__ (way) to address the problem. It has persuaded the state
government __5__ (ban) new developments on land near the coastline and
recommended building sand dunes (沙丘)
along beaches. Kristin Jacobs, one of the group's founders, decided to take
action in 2008 after it became __6__ (gradual) clear that her state's 27
water authorities couldn't agree on joint (联合的) action.
While some Florida government
officials doubt whether the climate will become hotter or __7__ (cold),
the people __8__ (live) in these locations are certain of the need to
protect their communities.
At present, coming up with ways to
fight against the effects of climate change under a limited budget __9__
(be) a pressing concern. Only time will tell whether these coastal communities
will succeed in __10__ end.
体裁：说明文 题材：环境保护 主题：应对海平面上升
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了美国佛罗里达州为应对海平面上升而做出的努力。
1．答案与解析：than 考查介词。由与该句中的“more”呼应可知，此处表示比较的含义，故填介词than。
2．答案与解析：where 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词one
community in Florida，引导词在从句中作地点状语，故用where来引导该定语从句。
3．答案与解析：coastal 考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词coastal修饰名词cities，作定语。
4．答案与解析：ways 考查名词的单复数。way是可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，应用其复数形式，故填ways。
5．答案与解析：to ban 考查非谓语动词。persuade sb. to do sth.“劝说某人做某事”为固定用法，故用不定式作宾语补足语。
6．答案与解析：gradually 考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故用副词gradually修饰其前的动词became，在句子中作状语。
7．答案与解析：colder 考查形容词比较级。根据语境中的“or”可知，此处与“hotter”呼应，应用形容词比较级，故填colder。
8．答案与解析：living 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子主语the people和动词live构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语。
9．答案与解析：is 考查时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“At present”可知，此处应用一般现在时；又因为该句的主语为动名词短语coming up with ways，谓语动词应用单数形式，故填is。
10．答案与解析：the 考查冠词。in the end意为“最终”，为固定搭配，故填定冠词the。
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