中考英语语法复习与练习---副词
考查趋势
在历年的中考试题中，副词也是重要的考点之一。根据对近年中考试题的分析，副词主要会考查副词的比较等级、副词的位置、同义近义副词的辨析、含有副词的一些特殊句型和固定短语等。
知识索引
一、副词的分类及其作用
1.副词是修饰动词、形容词、数词、其他副词或全句的词，表示时间、地点、程度等。
e.g.Life here is full of joy.
Is he up ？
Let me show you out
2. 副词的构成和分类
①本身为副词:ago, now, when，how，almost等
②与形容词同形:enough, early, fast, first, still, hard, high, long, last, deep, late, cheap, wide, upstairs等(注意:有些同形义不同)
③“形容词+1y”: slowly, carefully, truly, fully, busily, possibly等
3.副词的种类及在句中的位置:
①时间副词:now, then, today等。可用于句首、句末，也可用于句中，先说小时间，后说大时间。
②地点副词:here, there等。常置于谓语后，先说小地点，后说大地点。
③频度副词:always, often等。放在行为动词前，be动词、助动词或情态动词后。
④方式副词:hard, carefully等。多放在被修饰的动词之后。
⑤程度副词:much, so, almost等。置于被修饰的形容词或副词之前。
⑥疑问副词:where, when, how等。置于句首，引出特殊疑问句。
⑦关系副词:where, when, why等。引导定语从句，在从句中作状语。
⑧连接副词:so, however等。引导名词性从句、状语从句，位于从句句首。
⑨其他副词:also, only, too等。位置灵活。
二、副词比较等级的用法
1.“A…+as+副词原级+as+B”表示A和B一样。
e.g.He can run as fast as a deer.
2.“A ...+ not as /so + 副词原级+as+B”表示A不如B。
e.g.She doesn't dress so /as strangely as other girls.
3.“A ...+as+副词原级+as+主语+can/could”=“A...+s+副词原级+as possible”表示“尽可能地，尽量”。
e.g.He ran as fast as he could. =He ran as fast as possible.
4.两者比较时，一方高于另一方，用比较级，其结构为“A ...+副词的比较级+than+B”，表示“A比B更……”。
e.g.Mike can run faster than Tom.
注意:比较级前可以用a lot, a little, a bit, much, even, yet, rather, far等词来修饰，表示程度。
5.两者比较时，一方低于另一方，用原形，其结构为“A ... +less+原级+than+B”，表示“A不如B”。
e.g.He speaks less clearly than you.
三、比较级的特殊用法
1.表示“越来越……”，用“比较级+and+比较级”。多音节词表示“越来越……”时，应用“more and more+形容词原级”表示。如:
e.g.School buses are becoming more and more popular in China now.
2.表示“越……，越……”，用“the+比较级，the+比较级”。如:
e.g.The harder you work，the more you will get.
3.表示“两个中比较……的”，用“the+比较级+of the two”。如
e.g.Tom runs the faster of the two.
方法技巧
(1)有时比较级的句型中没有than等明显的标志性的词。要善于通过语境进行推理判断。
(2)在比较级句型中，为了避免重复，常用the one, that, those等词来替代前面出现过的名词。其中，the one代替可数名词的单数形式，the ones或those代替可数名词的复数形式，that代替单数名词或不可数名词。
(3)表示“比其他任何……都……”，用“比较级+than any other+单数名词”。两者进行比较，比较的双方不在同一范围内时，不用other。
四、副词最高级的用法
表示三者或三者以上的人或事物进行比较，用最高级。副词最高级前可以加定冠词the，也可以省略，后面可带of/in短语来说明比较的范围。
e.g.He swims (the) farthest of all.
Who dances (the) most beautifully, Tom, Jack or Eric?
五、副词的特性：
1.有些副词与形容词的词形相同。如:late adj.迟的，adv.晚;early adj.早的.adv.早;fast adj. 快的，adv快地;enough adj.足够的，adv.足够地。
2.有些同根副词意义有别
如:hard(努力地)，hardly(几乎不);near(附近)，nearly(几乎);close(靠近),closely(密切地)。
跟踪练习
1.I can't believe he got that money ，because he usually breaks his promise and keeps cheating us.
A.immediately B.bitterly C.especially D.honestly
2. As soon as I got their letter, I wrote back .And they appreciate my way of doing things.
A.immediately B. correctly C.clearly D. surprisingly
3.---Can you follow me?
---Sorry, I can follow you. You speak too fast.
A.hardly B.nearly C.clearly D.easily
4.---Han Li has improved her English a lot since she joined the English club.
---How she chose to join it at first!
A.quickly B.suddenly C.simply D.wisely
5.The bus was full, and lots of people were standing.
A.generally B.completely C.normally D.hardly
6.---Did you have a sound sleep last night?
---Yes，never slept .
A.better B.best C.badly D.worse
7. The old lady feels bad at the moment because she was caught in the rain now.
A.terrible; heavy B.terribly; heavy
C.terrible; heavily D.terribly; heavily
8. The school was moved out of downtown(市中心) as the number of the students had growntoo .
A.small B.few C.large D.many
9. The young man couldn't afford a new car. he bought a used one.
A.Besides B.Otherwise C.Instead D.Still
10. I have seldom(很少)seen my mother pleased with my progress as she is now.
A.so B.very C.too D. rather
11. Jane won't join us for dinner，and .
A.neither won't Tom B.Tom won't either
C.Tom will too D.so will Tom
12. John is very lazy. He falls behind in his studies.
A. very B. far C. more D. still
跟踪练习
1-10 DAADB ABCCA 11-12 BB
