很多同学只简单记得deserve用作动词,表示“值得”的含义,本文尝试着梳理归纳一下deserve的所有考点。
一、deserve 国际音标/dɪˈzɜːv/ v. 应受;应得;值得
用法1: deserve + 名词(应受到惩罚/奖赏,可褒可贬)
褒义:值得奖励;
贬义:活该、应受(不好的待遇)
例句1:She deserves the award for her great contributions.
翻译:她贡献巨大,理应获得这个奖项。
例句2:If you behave badly, you deserve the criticism.(模拟题)
翻译:如果你行为恶劣,就该受到批评。
温馨提示一个短语:deserve it它有两层含义,看语境确定。
① 褒义:应得的,实至名归
例:You have worked so hard. You deserve it.
翻译:你付出了这么多,这是你应得的。
② 贬义:活该,罪有应得
例:He cheated in the examand got punishment. He deserves it.
翻译:他考试作弊遭到惩罚,这是他活该。
用法2:deserve to do sth
核心规则:
1.如果主语和to do是主动关系 → deserve to do sth,表示“理应去做某事,理应收获某种好结果”(很多人一看到deserve 就以为要接doing,这是一个很大误区)
例句1:Those who work hard deserve to succeed.
翻译:那些努力拼搏的人理应成功。
例句2:She deserves to win the competition because he trained hard.
翻译:她训练刻苦,值得赢得这场比赛。
2.如果主语和to do是被动关系 → deserve to be done,此时也可以换成deserve doing(主动形式表达被动含义)
例句:His brave action deserves to be praised. = His brave action deserves praising.
翻译:他英勇的行为值得被赞扬。
二、派生词专项语法填空练习
1.It was a well ______ (deserve) victory for the players who trained day and night.
答案:deserved
解析:此处使用形容词deserved修饰名词victory。well deserved 含义“实至名归的、理所应得的”,用来修饰事物。
2.The young man is deserving ______ our praise for his kindness.
答案:of
解析:固定搭配be deserving of sth,意为“值得……”,考查介词of
3. The charity offers help to ______ (deserve) families in need.
答案:deserving
解析:形容词前置修饰名词families,deserving 表示“值得援助的/需要帮助的”,修饰人/家庭,指本身有困难、值得帮扶。