听考研真题|2022年英二阅读2:越来越多的人选择不退休了?

More Americans are opting to work well into retirement, a growing trend that threatens to upend the old workforce model. 

【翻译】越来越多的美国人选择在退休后继续工作，这一日益增长的趋势正威胁到传统劳动力模式的根基。

One in three Americans who are at least 40 have or plan to have a job in retirement to prepare for a longer life, according to a survey conducted by Harris Poll for TD Ameritrade. 

【翻译】根据Harris Poll 为 TD Ameritrade 开展的调查显示，在年满 40 岁的美国人中，每三人中就有一人已在退休时拥有工作，或计划退休时拥有工作，以应对更长的预期寿命。

Even more surprising is that more than half of “unretirees”--those who plan to work in retirement or went back to work after retiring--said they would be employed in their later years even if they had enough money to settle down, the survey showed.

【翻译】更令人惊讶的是，这项调查显示，超过半数的“未退休者”——即那些计划在退休后继续工作，或已在退休后重返职场的人——表示，即便他们拥有足以安享晚年的足够资金，他们在晚年仍会拥有工作。

Financial needs aren’t the only culprit for the “unretirement”trend. Other reasons, according to the study, include personal fulfillment such as staying mentally fit, preventing boredom or avoiding depression. 

【生词】culprit n.犯人，罪犯, 肇事者

boredom n.讨厌，令人讨厌的事物, 无聊，无趣, 厌倦

depression n.抑郁(症), 消沉, 萧条(期), 洼地, 低气压

About 72% of “unretiree”respondents said that they would return to work once retired to keep mentally fit while 59% said it would be tied to making ends meet.

【翻译】约72% 的“未退休”受访者表示，退休后他们将重返工作岗位以保持心理健康，而 59% 的受访者则表示，此举将与维持生计挂钩。

“The concept of retirement is evolving,”said Christine Russell, senior manager of retirement at TD Ameritrade. “It’s not just about finances. The value of work is also driving folks to continue working past retirement.”

One reason for the change in retirement patterns: Americans are living longer. The share of the population 65 and older was 16% in 2018, up 32% from the prior year, according to the US. Census Bureau. 

【生词】Census Bureau 人口普查局

【翻译】退休模式发生变化的原因之一是美国人的寿命延长。根据美国人口普查局的数据，2018年65岁及以上人口占比为16%，较上年上升32%。

That’s also up 302% since 2010. Older Americans are also the fastest-growing segment of the US. workforce, and boomers are expected to live longer than previous generations. 

【生词】segment n.部分，段落, 环节,

The percentage of retirement-age people in the labor force has doubled over the past three decades. 

【翻译】过去三十年间，劳动力人口中达到退休年龄者的比例已翻倍。

About 20% of people 65 and older were in the workforce in February, up from an all-time low of 10% in January 1985, according to money manager United Income.

【翻译】根据资产管理公司United Income 的数据，2 月份 65 岁及以上人群中处于劳动人口比例约为 20%，较 1985 年 1 月创下的 10% 的历史最低纪录有所上升。

Because of longer life spans, Americans are also boosting their savings to preserve their nest eggs, the TD Ameritrade study showed, which surveyed 2000 adults between 40 to 79. 

【翻译】TD Ameritrade 的一项研究显示，由于预期寿命延长，美国人也在增加储蓄以保障其养老储备；该研究对 40 至 79 岁之间的 2000 名成年人进行了调查。

Six in 10 “unretirees”are increasing their savings in anticipation of a longer life, according to the survey. 

【生词】anticipation n.预期，预计, 期盼

【翻译】调查显示，在“未退休”人群中，每十人就有六人因预期寿命延长而增加储蓄。

Among the most popular ways they are doing this, the company said, is by reducing their overall expenses, securing life insurance or maximizing their contributions to retirement accounts. 

【翻译】该公司表示，他们采取此类措施的最常用方式包括：降低总体开支、购买人寿保险，或最大化对退休账户的缴存金额。

Unfortunately, many people who are opting to work in retirement are preparing to do so because they are worried about making ends meet in their later years, said Brent Weiss, a co-founder at Baltimore-based financial-planning firm Facet Wealth. 

He suggested that preretirees should speak with a financial adviser to set long-term financial goals. 

【翻译】他建议临近退休的人士应与财务顾问进行沟通，以制定长期财务目标。

“The most challenging moments in life are getting married, starting a family and ultimately retiring,”Weiss said. “It’s not just a financial decision, but an emotional one. Many people believe they can’t retire”.

【翻译】“人生中最具挑战性的时刻便是结婚、组建家庭，以及最终退休，”韦斯表示。“这不仅仅是一个财务决策，更是一个情感抉择。许多人认为自己无法退休。”