编者按：with复合结构是高考英语的高频考点，阅读中常见，写作中用好能加分。今天崔老师帮大家把with复合结构的七种形式一次讲清楚，配上《卖火柴的小女孩》场景记忆和实战练习，建议收藏！
一、什么是with复合结构？
with复合结构的基本构成是：with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语。
它在句中通常作状语，表示伴随、原因、条件、方式等。宾语补足语可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词或不定式。
二、七种常见形式
1. with + 宾语 + 形容词（表示状态）
He often sleeps with the window open.他常常开着窗睡觉。
She lay in bed with her face pale.她躺在床上，脸色苍白。
2. with + 宾语 + 副词（表示状态）
Her mother sat there with her head down.她妈妈坐在那儿，头低着。
He is doing his homework with the light on.他在做作业，灯开着。
3. with + 宾语 + 介词短语（表示状态）
The teacher came in with a book in his hand.老师手里拿着一本书进来了。
The man looked at the sky with a cigarette in his mouth.那个男的嘴里叼着一支烟望着天空。
4. with + 宾语 + 现在分词（表示主动、进行）
With the machine helping us, we finished the work on time.由于有机器的帮助，我们按时完成了工作。
With prices going so fast, we can't afford the house.价格涨得那么快，我们买不起这个房子。
5. with + 宾语 + 过去分词（表示被动、完成）
With everything done, she went home.做完一切事后，她回家了。
With the classroom cleaned, he went to play basketball.打扫完教室，他打篮球去了。
6. with + 宾语 + 不定式（表示尚未发生/将要发生）
With some clothes to wash, I can't go out with you.有衣服要洗，我不能跟你出去。
With my brother to look after, I have to stay at home.由于要照看弟弟，我不得不待在家里。
7. 多个with结构并列（用于描写场景）
She was hurrying home with the wind blowing the willows, with a bright red coat on her, with a flower in her hair, with make-ups on her cheeks, with a chicken in her left hand, and with a duck in her right hand, with a chubby baby on her back.风吹着杨柳，身穿大红袄，头戴一枝花，胭脂和香粉她的脸色擦。左手一只鸡，右手一只鸭，身上还背着一个胖娃娃，她正急着回娘家。
三、用《卖火柴的小女孩》场景记with结构
场景1：卖火柴
With lots of matches to sell, she had to beg people to buy some.由于有许多火柴要卖，她不得不乞求人们买。
（with + 宾语 + 不定式）
场景2：坐下，火柴放在腿上
The snowflakes fell on her and she sat down with the matches put on her lap.雪花落在她的身上，她坐了下来，火柴放在她的腿上。
（with + 宾语 + 过去分词）
场景3：看见圣诞树
She lit a match and then saw a beautiful Christmas tree with many gifts hanging on it.她点燃了一根火柴，接着她看见了一颗美丽的圣诞树，上面挂满了礼物。
（with + 宾语 + 现在分词）
场景4：奶奶抱着她飞走
Suddenly her kind grandma appeared. She flew with the little girl in her arms to a place where there was no cold, hunger or pain.突然她慈祥的奶奶出现了。她抱着小女孩飞到了一个没有寒冷、没有饥饿、没有痛苦的地方。
（with + 宾语 + 介词短语）
四、实战练习
用括号中动词的适当形式填空：
With the College Entrance Examination ______ (approach), the students devote all their energy to study.
With their eyes ______ (focus) on the blackboard, the students don't care what's going on outside the window.
With so many school assignments ______ (finish), the students stay up late every day.
He did something wrong, so he stood with his head ______. （头低着）
I'm sure you can get it with your heart ______ (put) into it.
参考答案：
approaching
focused
to finish
down
put
五、总结
with复合结构的七种形式：
with + 宾语 + 形容词：表示状态
with + 宾语 + 副词：表示状态
with + 宾语 + 介词短语：表示状态
with + 宾语 + 现在分词：表示主动、进行
with + 宾语 + 过去分词：表示被动、完成
with + 宾语 + 不定式：表示尚未发生/将要发生
掌握这七种形式，阅读中能快速理解，写作中能灵活运用。
收藏这篇推文，考前翻一翻，考场上下笔有神！
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