11.(2021新高考II卷语法填空) It is widely known that bamboo, which grows quickly, can be used to make all kinds of daily objects.
主干：It is widely known that…
拆解：
① It作形式主语，that从句是真正主语（主语从句）
② which grows quickly非限制性定语从句修饰bamboo
③ can be used to do 情态动词被动语态，被用来做；all kinds of 各种各样
翻译：众所周知，生长迅速的竹子可以被制作成各式各样的生活用品。
12.(2022新高考I卷阅读A篇) The programme, which is designed for teenagers, offers a chance to learn about wildlife protection in the national park.
主干：The programme offers a chance
拆解：
① which is designed for teenagers 非限制性定语从句；be designed for 专为……设计
② to learn about wildlife protection 不定式后置修饰chance
③ in the national park介词短语后置定语
翻译：这个专为青少年打造的项目，为大家提供了了解国家公园野生动物保护工作的机会。
13.(2022新高考I卷阅读B篇) The author suggests that we should stop worrying about small things that do not really matter in life.
主干：The author suggests that…
拆解：
① that宾语从句；suggest后从句用(should)+动词原形虚拟语气
② stop worrying about 停止担忧
③ that do not really matter定语从句修饰small things；matter vi. 要紧，有重要性
翻译：作者建议，我们不必为生活中无关紧要的小事过度焦虑。
14.(2022新高考I卷阅读C篇) We all know that plastic waste is harmful to the environment, but few people realize how serious the problem really is.
主干：We all know that…, but few people realize how…
拆解：
① that引导know的宾语从句；be harmful to 对……有害
② but并列连词连接两个分句
③ how引导宾语从句，作realize的宾语，感叹语序
翻译：我们都知道塑料垃圾危害环境，但很少有人意识到这个问题的严峻程度。
15.(2022新高考I卷阅读D篇) Scientists are seeking effective ways to reduce plastic waste that ends up in oceans and harms marine creatures.
主干：Scientists are seeking effective ways
拆解：
① to reduce plastic waste不定式后置修饰ways
② that引导定语从句修饰waste；从句有并列谓语ends up和harms
③ end up in 最终流入；marine creatures 海洋生物
翻译：科学家正在寻找有效方法，减少流入海洋、危害海洋生物的塑料垃圾。
