医学考博英语2024年真题精讲 | 听力(5/5)

四季读书网 2026-08-18 07:23:27 2 0

本模块为2024年医学考博英语真题精讲，医学考博英语共五种题型：听力、词汇、完形填空、阅读理解、翻译与写作。整套真题精讲计划用时17天，本次先从听力部分开始，计划用时五天，今天是第五天。

题量及分值

第一部分是听力，分值占比30%，共30题，每题一分，包括Section A和Section B两节内容。Section A 中的材料为约100词的对话，总计5段，每段对话附有3个问题，共15题，每题1分。材料及提问只读1遍，考生有12秒的时间作答每一道题目，根据听到的内容，从四个选项中选出最佳答案。Section B中的材料为约150词的短文，总计5段，每段短文附有3个问题，共15 题，每题1分。材料及提问只读1遍，考生听完每个问题后，需在12秒内选择最佳答案。

听力部分计划

Section A和Section B两部分总计十段对话/短文，计划分五天完成，每天精听两段材料，后附答案解析、解题技巧及每日听力高频词汇积累。今天是听力训练第五天，接下来你将听到两段短文。

Section B

Passage Four

25.

A. Women may be at increased risk of dementia.

B. A new study on dementia.

C. Women are less vulnerable to getting dementia.

D. Women’s reproductive years may affect their health.

26.

A. Longer reproductive years.

B. Fewer reproductive years.

C. Longer marriage years.

D. Fewer marriage years.

27.

A. Women are 50% more likely to develop dementia than men.

B. Women are 15% more likely to develop dementia than men.

C. Women are 50% less likely to develop dementia than men.

D. Women are 15% less likely to develop dementia than men.

Passage Five

28.

A. 2%.

B. 10%.

C. 12%.

D. 20%.

29.

A. Children with no symptoms for a week.

B. Children whose parents stopped using the app.

C. Children with a gap in symptoms longer than one week.

D. Children whose parents did not report their symptoms.

30.

A. The impact of COVID on children.

B. A new study of COVID.

C. The long COVID symptoms in children.

D. Underestimate of long COVID on children.

答案速查： 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. D

听力原文

Passage Four

(25) Women with fewer reproductive years may be at increased risk of dementia. Researchers say (26) they found a link between dementia and women who start their period later or go through menopause earlier. More than 6,000 women filled out the survey. They were asked when they had their first menstrual cycle and when they went through menopause. The researchers calculated the number of reproductive years for each participant. Nearly half of all participants later develop dementia. Those who had their first menstrual cycle at 16 or older had a greater risk of dementia than those who had their first menstrual cycle at 13. Women who went through natural menopause before the age of 47 had a greater risk of dementia than those who went through the change later. (27) Since women are 50% more likely to develop dementia than men, it is important to study risk factors specific to women that could lead us to potential intervention.

25. What is the main topic of this passage?

A. Women may be at increased risk of dementia.

B. A new study on dementia.

C. Women are less vulnerable to getting dementia.

D. Women’s reproductive years may affect their health.

【解析】主旨题。首句“Women with fewer reproductive years may be at increased risk of dementia.”生育年限较短的女性患痴呆的风险可能更高，可知短文是在讨论女性的生育年龄长短与患痴呆之间的联系，即D选项“女性的生育年龄长短可能会影响她们的健康”。

26. According to the passage, what increases the risk of dementia in women?

A. Longer reproductive years.

B. Fewer reproductive years.

C. Longer marriage years.

D. Fewer marriage years.

【解析】题干问的是什么是增加女性痴呆风险的因素。短文开头提到研究人员的发现“a link between dementia and women who start their period later or go through menopause earlier.”，由此可知痴呆与女性初次来月经较晚或更年期较早有关系。也就是说生育年限较短的女性患痴呆的风险会增加。故选 B。

27. What is the difference in dementia between men and women?

A. Women are 50% more likely to develop dementia than men.

B. Women are 15% more likely to develop dementia than men.

C. Women are 50% less likely to develop dementia than men.

D. Women are 15% less likely to develop dementia than men.

【解析】题干问的是男性和女性在患痴呆方面有什么不同。短文最后指出“women are 50% more likely to develop dementia than men”，即女性患痴呆的风险比男性高 50 %。

Passage Five

(28) Researchers reported in one study, about 2% children testing positive for COVID‑19 have symptoms beyond 56 days. Given important methodological limitations, they believe their results are probably an underestimate due to three key limitations.

First, only a limited number of reported symptoms in long COVID were assessed. Given that recording of symptoms regularly is laborious, this is likely to underestimate persisting symptoms for longer‑periods of time. Second, the study did not adequately account for the well‑known relapsing and remitting nature for long‑COVID. (29) Children with any gap in symptoms longer than one week were excluded, so children whose symptoms temporarily resolved for more than a week and then recurred were not counted. Third, the duration estimates for long‑COVID are based on parents either reporting their child as symptomatic with no symptoms for a week, or the last symptomatic report if parents stopped using the app.

28. What is the percentage of children with long COVID in the study?

A. 2%.

B. 10%.

C. 12%.

D. 20%.

【解析】题干问患有长期新冠的儿童比例有多少。短文开头表示研究人员发现“about 2% children testing positive for COVID‑19 have symptoms beyond 56 days”，即症状持续超过56天的新冠阳性儿童约占2%。

29. Who were excluded from the study according to the passage?

A. Children with no symptoms for a week.

B. Children whose parents stopped using the app.

C. Children with a gap in symptoms longer than one week.

D. Children whose parents did not report their symptoms.

【解析】题干问的是谁被排除在研究之外。短文中指出“Children with any gap in symptoms longer than one week were excluded”，即症状中断超过一周的孩子是被排除在研究之外的。

30. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. The impact of COVID on children.

B. A new study of COVID.

C. The long COVID symptoms in children.

D. Underestimate of long COVID on children.

【解析】主旨题。短文开头指出有症状超过56天的新冠阳性儿童比例约为2%，但这个比例被低估了，后面补充了三个主要被低估了的原因。因此，短文一直在讨论出现长期新冠儿童的情况是被低估的。

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听力题型总结与解题技巧

Section B 中的态度题

题型分析

态度题是Section B的常见题型，主要考查对说话人的观点和意图的准确领会。这类题的题干经常出现“ infer，opinion，attitude，intention, best describe" 等关键词。部分和细节题类似，选项会替换部分词汇，用来表达特定人物的观点，考生可以根据近义词、同义替换得出答案；还有部分题目选项是对主旨的总结，需要考生概括说话人对相关话题的看法。