26暑假英语---中考翻译拿满分|三步翻译法

四季读书网 2026-08-08 06:38:06 3 0

中考英语翻译专项

✅三步翻译法：

①定双态（时态 + 语态）→②抓主干 →③添枝叶

1. 定双态（时态 + 语态）

我们个人的梦想将会实现。Our personal dreams will come true.

Notes (定时态具体方法 1：看到 “将、将会、要”，多用一般将来时)

中国最年轻的城市三沙市建立于 2012 年 6 月 21 日。Sansha, the youngest city in China, was set up on June 21st, 2012.

至今，我们已经学了约 2000 个单词。So far, we have learned about 2,000 words.

如果时间再多一点，我将能做得更好。If I am given more time, I will be able to do better.

Notes (定时态具体方法 2：时间标志词 so far 用现在完成时；if 引导条件状语从句，主将从现)

Years later, his mother died. 多年以后，他的母亲去世了。

He had been to every corner of the city. 他去过这座城市的每一个角落。

Although his father was old, he was still looking for his son.尽管他的父亲老了，但仍然在寻找他的儿子。

Notes (定时态具体方法 3：读懂语境故事线，根据动作先后、故事情节判断时态)

2. 抓主干；3. 添枝叶

几天前，我收到了来自美国的一个好朋友的来信。A few days ago, I heard from a good friend from America.

When we talk in class, students who usually surf the Net know more information than the others.当我们在课堂上讨论时，那些经常上网的学生比其他人知道更多信息。

Notes (抓主干方法：先找句子「主谓宾」核心，定语、状语等修饰成分后处理)

Some birds use their colors to tell other birds to stay away from their “houses” on the tree.一些鸟类利用自身的颜色告诫别的鸟儿远离它们树上的 “家”。

我明白了实现梦想的真谛。I understand the true meaning of realizing my dream.

二、翻译中的语言差异【主语的差异】

株洲发生了巨大的变化。Great changes have taken place in Zhuzhou.

Notes (找准真正主语，注意happen/take place无被动）

In China, badminton is played everywhere.在中国，到处都有人打羽毛球。

【语序的差异】

It’s necessary for you to make a plan to correct the mistake.对你来说，制定一个计划来改正这个错误是很有必要的。

建造这座桥将花费工人们一年多时间。It will take the workers more than one year to build the bridge.

十四岁的青少年太小还不知道他们未来想要做什么。14‑year‑old teenagers are too young to know what they want to do in the future.

The trip to Wolong not only allowed me to learn about pandas, but also to meet friendly people.卧龙之行不仅让我了解了大熊猫，还让我见到了友善的人们。

Notes (英语多后置修饰；中文习惯把修饰词放名词前面；not only…but also… 连接并列结构)

小试牛刀

我非常担心，以至于差点哭了。I was so worried that I almost cried.

我们从错误中学到的越多，我们就越聪明。The more we learn from mistakes, the wiser we will be.

So they usually don’t do their weekend homework until Sunday night.所以他们通常直到周日晚上才做周末作业。

Notes (not…until… 直到…… 才……)

【连词的差异】⚠️中文成对连词，英文不能成对使用！

因为我太矮了，所以我放弃了这些梦想。

Because I was too short, I gave up these dreams. / I was too short, so I gave up these dreams.

❌不可以同时用 because…so…

Although it was a disappointing result, he showed up with a smile.尽管结果令人失望，但他还是面带微笑出现了。

Notes (although/though 和 but 不能连用)

The sun is bright, and the sky is clear.阳光明媚，万里晴空。

今天我没空，我要准备考试。I’m busy today and I have to prepare for the exam.

Notes (中文逗号直接连接两个完整句子；英文两个完整分句要用连词 and/so/but 连接)

小试牛刀

我们有不同的想法，但每个人似乎都有道理。We have different ideas, but everyone seems to be right.

虽然那个梦想没有实现，现在他成功了。Although that dream didn’t come true, he has succeeded now.

他们会因为不同的原因而改变自己。They will change themselves for different reasons.

Then one day I realized I must change myself. So I exercised more and gave up junk food.后来有一天我意识到我必须改变自己，于是我加强锻炼，戒掉了垃圾食品。

【词形的差异】

并且上网能帮助学生做作业。Besides, surfing the Internet can help students (to) do their homework.

那留着长卷发穿红色衣服的女孩是我姐姐。The girl with long curly hair in red is my elder sister.

Notes (中文用动词作修饰；英语多用介词 with/in 短语、非谓语做定语修饰名词)

We are for peace and against war.我们拥护和平，反对战争。

【否定的差异】否定转移

I don’t think they would believe her.我认为他们不会相信她。

It doesn’t seem that they know where to go.看来他们不知道该往哪里去。

我猜他们还没有结婚。I don’t suppose they have got married.

Notes:

英译汉：当主句有 I don’t think /believe/suppose/imagine/expect 等时，否定转移到从句翻译。

汉译英: think, believe, suppose, want, appear, seem，从句的否定要转移到主句，变成 I don't think/believe/suppose/want… 等。

三、中考翻译的难点突破👉被动的翻译

The sky is reflected in the deep blue lake.天空倒映在湛蓝的湖水中。

他生于 1955 年，在山东的一个小村庄。He was born in a small village in Shandong in 1955.

我们的新学校将在 2024 年建成。Our new school will be built in 2024.

被动语态的各种时态：

一般现在时：am /is /are + done

一般过去时：was /were + done

一般将来时：will be + done

现在完成时：have /has been + done

情态动词的被动语态：情态动词 + be + done👉定语从句的翻译

This is the school that we visited yesterday.这就是我们昨天参观过的那所学校。

The people who work for him are afraid of him.那些为他工作的人都害怕他。

Notes (一般情况下，英译汉时，遇到定语从句，译成“…… 的”，放到被修饰名词前面)

👉it 句型翻译

对我们而言，学好英语非常重要。It’s very important for us to learn English well.

I thought it was difficult for them to understand your joke.我认为对他们来说理解你的笑话很难。

Notes

其中的 it 做形式主语时，本身没有实际含义，可以不翻译。

固定句型：

对 sb. 来说，做 sth.....：It’s + adj. + for sb. to do sth.

Sb. 花费多少时间做 sth.：It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth.

我认为做 sth. …：I think it +adj. +for sb. to do sth.

it 与被动语态构成的句型：

据说 It is said that…

据报道 It is reported that…

大家相信 It is believed that…

众所周知 It is known that… / As we all know

四、特别注意

翻译中的标点不能漏。英文句号 .中文句号。⚠️大小写、三单、名词单复数、主谓一致一定要留心！

📝限时训练（建议 10 分钟完成）

考点覆盖：时态语态、被动、定语从句、it 句型、连词、否定转移、not…until、比较结构5 道汉译英，5 道英译汉试题

1.到目前为止，我们已经参观过这座有三百年历史的古镇。（汉译英）

2.据说这座图书馆将于明年被建成。（汉译英）

3.虽然雨下得很大，但他们依旧按时到达。（汉译英）

4.对青少年来说学会独立思考是很有必要的。（汉译英）

5.我认为他不会轻易放弃自己的梦想。（汉译英，否定转移）

6.People who keep practicing will make great progress.（英译汉）

7.It took him two weeks to finish reading this novel.（英译汉）

8.I don’t believe that he can solve the problem by himself.（英译汉）

9.He didn’t realize his mistake until his teacher talked with him.（英译汉）

10.Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten years.（英译汉）

参考答案

1.So far, we have visited the old town which has a history of 300 years.

2.It is said that the library will be built next year.

3.Although it rained heavily, they still arrived on time.

4.It’s necessary for teenagers to learn to think independently.

5.I don’t think he will give up his dream easily.

6.坚持练习的人将会取得巨大进步。

7.读完这本小说花了他两周时间。

8.我认为他不能独自解决这个问题。

8.直到老师和他谈话，他才意识到自己的错误。

10.在过去十年间，我们的家乡发生了巨大的变化。

本文地址： https://sjds.net/792979.html

文章来源：四季读书网