Reading
Reading Section
In the Reading section, you will answer 35-48 questions to demonstrate how well you understand academic and non-academic texts in English, There are three types of tasks.
Module 1
The clock will show you how much time you have to complete Module 1.
You can use Next and Back to move to the next question or return to previous questions within the same module.
You WILL NOT be able to return to Module 1 once you have begun Module 2.
Module 1
Fill in the missing letters in the paragraph
Questions 1-10 of 35
Photoperiodism is how living things react to changes in daylight, shaping their seasonal activities and growth patterns, which are vital for survival and adaptation in nature. In pla_ _ _, this pro_ _ _ _controls bloo_ _ _ _, seed gro_ _ _, and hiber_ _ _ _ _ _—some spe_ _ _ _ only flo_ _ _when th_ _ receive a spec_ _ _ _amount of li_ _ _. For animals, it influences migration, hibernation, and breeding cycles. Their internal clocks help them adjust to shifting daylight, ensuring they stay in sync with their environment.
Fill in the missing letters in the paragraph
11-12
Read a social media post.
The Community Center will host a free language exchange event on Saturday at 3:00 PM. Learn a new language, meet people from different cultural backgrounds, and swap languages in a fun, flexible, and relaxed way. We will pair you with a fluent speaker of a language of your choice.
11
What is the notice about?
A foreign language book drive
A community organization meeting
A language exchange event
A student exchange program
12
What will participants NOT experience?
Learning new languages
Practicing relaxation techniques
Meeting people from different cultures
Pairing up with speakers of different languages
13-15
Read an email.
13
What can be inferred about Mr. Silva in relation to the upcoming meeting?
He will be leading the meeting.
He helped to determine what topics would be on the agenda.
He has played an important role in similar discussions in the past.
He produced the latest financial reports.
14
All of the following are scheduled for discussion at the meeting EXCEPT
the department's income and spending from the previous quarter
where the department will focus its efforts in the next quarter
the department's previous successes in tapping new markets
how the department can be more efficient in its day-to-day business
15
What does Ms. Martinez invite Mr. Silva to do?
Reschedule the meeting
Set department goals that differ from the overall goals of the company
Explain his function in the company
Suggest additional subjects for discussion
16-20
Bioluminescent Organisms
Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by living organisms. Observed in fireflies, jellyfish, and certain fungi, this light is generated through a chemical reaction involving luciferin and luciferase. Fireflies use bioluminescence to communicate, facilitating mating and deterring predators. Jellyfish use light to startle predators, providing an opportunity to escape. Some deep-sea organisms use bioluminescence for hunting, emitting light to attract prey.
Bioluminescence is not limited to animals. Certain fungi, like the ghost fungus, glow in the dark to attract insects that help disperse their spores. Scientists study bioluminescence to develop new technologies, exploring bioluminescent proteins for medical imaging and environmental monitoring. The exact mechanisms of bioluminescence are still not fully understood, despite its intriguing applications.
Ongoing research aims to uncover more about how organisms produce light and why this ability evolved. One area of interest is understanding the genetic and molecular basis of bioluminescence. As scientists delve deeper into the mysteries of bioluminescence, they may discover even more ways to harness this natural phenomenon. This has led to breakthroughs in several scientific fields, including genetics and biotechnology, demonstrating the wide-ranging potential of studying bioluminescence.
16
The word "emission" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to
concealing
production
prevention
disruption
17
What is suggested about fireflies?
They use bioluminescence to blind predators.
They use bioluminescence for hunting.
They use bioluminescence to communicate.
They use bioluminescence primarily for healing.
18
All of the following are true about bioluminescence EXCEPT:
It is observed in both animals and fungi.
It involves a chemical reaction with luciferin and luciferase.
It is used by jellyfish to startle predators.
It is fully understood by scientists.
19
What can be concluded about paragraph 2?
It provides an example of bioluminescence in non-animal organisms.
It challenges an idea presented earlier in the passage.
It elaborates on the chemical reactions mentioned earlier.
It introduces a theory explained in the next paragraph.
20
Why does the author mention medical imaging in the second paragraph?
To indicate that bioluminescence evolved primarily for scientific use
To highlight one of the potential applications of bioluminescence
To show the complexity of luciferin and luciferase reactions
To suggest ongoing research in environmental monitoring
Module 2
Fill in the missing letters in the paragraph
Questions 1-10 of 15
Public health is a multidisciplinary field concerned with preventing disease, prolonging life, and promoting health through organized efforts and informed choices. It inc_ _ _ _ _ strategies such_ _ health edu_ _ _ _ _ _, vaccination pro_ _ _ _ _, and poli_ _ _ _aimed_ _ ensuring sa_ _ environ_ _ _ _ _. Public health prof_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ work to iden_ _ _ _ health disparities. They also manage outbreaks of infectious diseases, promote healthy lifestyles, and contribute to improved quality of life and reduce the burden on healthcare systems worldwide.
Questions 11-15 of 15
Understanding Risk Perception
Risk perception is a fascinating aspect of human psychology, influencing decisions from daily activities to major life choices. Individuals often misjudge risks, either exaggerating or underestimating them. For instance, flying is statistically safer than driving, yet many are more apprehensive about flying. This disparity is largely due to what psychologists refer to as the availability heuristic, a type of mental shortcut wherein memorable events, such as incidents involving planes, dominate our thoughts.
Cultural factors also play a role in risk perception. Some societies embrace risk-taking by valuing adventure and innovation, while others prioritize safety and caution. These attitudes are shaped by historical experiences, economic stability, and societal norms. In countries with high economic inequality, people may take more risks because they have fewer resources, fewer opportunities, and feel they have little to lose. In contrast, affluent societies might avoid risks to maintain their status quo and protect assets.
Moreover, media coverage drastically alters perceived risks. Sensational stories about rare but catastrophic events create a distorted image of reality. Public campaigns and education counteract this by providing balanced information, helping individuals make informed decisions. Understanding the psychology behind risk perception allows policymakers to design better strategies for public safety and health.
11
What is indicated in the passage about air travel?
Many people fear it because of notable events that remain in the memory.
The media discusses it more frequently than they do driving.
It is less well regulated than other forms of transportation.
It is subject to a large disparity between those who fear it and those who do not.
12
The word “exaggerating” in the passage is closest in meaning to:
praising
ignoring
ridiculing
expanding
13
How do cultural factors influence risk perception?
By determining the availability of reliable safety measures
By forming various societal attitudes toward risk-taking
By regulating how risky events are covered in the news
By influencing personal relationships and decision-making habits that are considered risky
14
What is the relationship between paragraphs 2 and 3?
Paragraph 2 introduces a concept that is further analyzed in paragraph 3.
Paragraph 2 presents historical data, while paragraph 3 challenges its reliability.
Paragraph 2 mentions cultural factors and paragraph 3 provides examples of these factors.
Paragraph 2 explores societal norms while paragraph 3 explores how those norms can be affected by other factors.
15
How might public campaigns and education alter risk perception?
By teaching the psychology of risk perception
By limiting media coverage of sensational stories
By providing accurate information about risks
By discouraging risk-taking behaviors in society
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