考研小书包
考研英语真题词汇每日练习|engage in / reciprocal / cooperation
把复杂问题拆小,把每天复习变稳。
今日方法:先抓主干,再看修饰,最后回到题目。
今天的词汇全部来自真题语境。
"Rats have been shown to engage in multiple forms of reciprocal help and cooperation, including what is referred to as direct reciprocity where a rat will help another rat that has previously helped them," says Quinn.
很多同学背单词的问题,不是完全不认识,而是不会在真题语境里判断准确含义。
所以今天不孤立背词,而是按下面 5 个维度来记:
真题短语 句中意思 容易误解点 常见搭配 作文/阅读迁移
今天这句的结构核心是:
Rats have been shown to engage in multiple forms of reciprocal help and cooperation
1. engage in
基本意思
参加;从事
真题语境
engage in multiple forms of...
在今天这句话里,它不是孤立出现的,而是服务于句子的核心信息:
Rats have been shown to engage in multiple forms of reciprocal help and cooperation
记忆提醒
后面接活动、行为、讨论。
常见搭配
你可以这样扩展记忆:
engage in multiple forms of... engage in + formal context engage in + reading / writing topic
例句 1:阅读语境
This word is important because it helps clarify the relationship between ideas in a formal passage.
译文:
这个词很重要,因为它能帮助我们弄清正式文章中信息之间的关系。
例句 2:写作迁移
Students should learn this expression in context rather than memorize a single Chinese meaning.
译文:
学生应该在语境中学习这个表达,而不是只记一个中文意思。
小提醒
看到 engage in 时,不要只问“它是什么意思”,还要问:
它和哪个词搭配? 它在句子里承担什么功能? 它有没有熟词生义? 它能不能迁移到作文?
2. reciprocal
基本意思
adj. 互惠的;相互的
真题语境
reciprocal help
在今天这句话里,它不是孤立出现的,而是服务于句子的核心信息:
Rats have been shown to engage in multiple forms of reciprocal help and cooperation
记忆提醒
re- / recipro- 可联想到“相互”。
常见搭配
你可以这样扩展记忆:
reciprocal help reciprocal + formal context reciprocal + reading / writing topic
例句 1:阅读语境
This word is important because it helps clarify the relationship between ideas in a formal passage.
译文:
这个词很重要,因为它能帮助我们弄清正式文章中信息之间的关系。
例句 2:写作迁移
Students should learn this expression in context rather than memorize a single Chinese meaning.
译文:
学生应该在语境中学习这个表达,而不是只记一个中文意思。
小提醒
看到 reciprocal 时,不要只问“它是什么意思”,还要问:
它和哪个词搭配? 它在句子里承担什么功能? 它有没有熟词生义? 它能不能迁移到作文?
3. cooperation
基本意思
n. 合作
真题语境
help and cooperation
在今天这句话里,它不是孤立出现的,而是服务于句子的核心信息:
Rats have been shown to engage in multiple forms of reciprocal help and cooperation
记忆提醒
作文高频正向名词。
常见搭配
你可以这样扩展记忆:
help and cooperation cooperation + formal context cooperation + reading / writing topic
例句 1:阅读语境
This word is important because it helps clarify the relationship between ideas in a formal passage.
译文:
这个词很重要,因为它能帮助我们弄清正式文章中信息之间的关系。
例句 2:写作迁移
Students should learn this expression in context rather than memorize a single Chinese meaning.
译文:
学生应该在语境中学习这个表达,而不是只记一个中文意思。
小提醒
看到 cooperation 时,不要只问“它是什么意思”,还要问:
它和哪个词搭配? 它在句子里承担什么功能? 它有没有熟词生义? 它能不能迁移到作文?
4. refer to as
基本意思
把……称为
真题语境
what is referred to as direct reciprocity
在今天这句话里,它不是孤立出现的,而是服务于句子的核心信息:
Rats have been shown to engage in multiple forms of reciprocal help and cooperation
记忆提醒
被称为……。
常见搭配
你可以这样扩展记忆:
what is referred to as direct reciprocity refer to as + formal context refer to as + reading / writing topic
例句 1:阅读语境
This word is important because it helps clarify the relationship between ideas in a formal passage.
译文:
这个词很重要,因为它能帮助我们弄清正式文章中信息之间的关系。
例句 2:写作迁移
Students should learn this expression in context rather than memorize a single Chinese meaning.
译文:
学生应该在语境中学习这个表达,而不是只记一个中文意思。
小提醒
看到 refer to as 时,不要只问“它是什么意思”,还要问:
它和哪个词搭配? 它在句子里承担什么功能? 它有没有熟词生义? 它能不能迁移到作文?
5. previously
基本意思
adv. 以前;此前
真题语境
previously helped them
在今天这句话里,它不是孤立出现的,而是服务于句子的核心信息:
Rats have been shown to engage in multiple forms of reciprocal help and cooperation
记忆提醒
和完成时常搭配。
常见搭配
你可以这样扩展记忆:
previously helped them previously + formal context previously + reading / writing topic
例句 1:阅读语境
This word is important because it helps clarify the relationship between ideas in a formal passage.
译文:
这个词很重要,因为它能帮助我们弄清正式文章中信息之间的关系。
例句 2:写作迁移
Students should learn this expression in context rather than memorize a single Chinese meaning.
译文:
学生应该在语境中学习这个表达,而不是只记一个中文意思。
小提醒
看到 previously 时,不要只问“它是什么意思”,还要问:
它和哪个词搭配? 它在句子里承担什么功能? 它有没有熟词生义? 它能不能迁移到作文?
词汇对照表
| 词/短语 | 真题短语 | 句中意思 | 记忆提醒 |
|---|---|---|---|
| engage in | engage in multiple forms of... | 参加;从事 | 后面接活动、行为、讨论。 |
| reciprocal | reciprocal help | adj. 互惠的;相互的 | re- / recipro- 可联想到“相互”。 |
| cooperation | help and cooperation | n. 合作 | 作文高频正向名词。 |
| refer to as | what is referred to as direct reciprocity | 把……称为 | 被称为……。 |
| previously | previously helped them | adv. 以前;此前 | 和完成时常搭配。 |
建议你不要只截图收藏。
更有效的做法是把表格抄到自己的词汇本里,然后每个词补一个自己的例句。
回到原句再读一遍
"Rats have been shown to engage in multiple forms of reciprocal help and cooperation, including what is referred to as direct reciprocity where a rat will help another rat that has previously helped them," says Quinn.
参考译文:
Quinn 说,研究显示,老鼠会参与多种形式的互惠帮助与合作,包括所谓的直接互惠,即一只老鼠会帮助此前帮助过它的另一只老鼠。
现在再读这句话,你要刻意观察:
- 哪些词帮助你判断句子主干;
- 哪些词只是补充细节;
- 哪些词决定作者态度或逻辑关系;
- 哪些词可以迁移到作文。
这才是真题词汇的价值。
今日小测
不看上文,完成下面 5 个空:
1. 今天最重要的真题短语: 2. 最容易误解的熟词: 3. 可以迁移到作文的表达: 4. 自己造的英文句子: 5. 这组词所在原句的主干:
复习建议
今天的词汇不要只复习一次。
建议用“三次复现法”:
当天:看懂真题句,写下真题短语 隔天:遮住中文,只看英文短语回忆意思 周末:把其中 1-2 个词写进作文句子
词汇真正变熟,不是因为你看过,而是因为你在真题和输出中反复用过。
先收藏,复习时直接回来翻
考研英语不用一次学很多,但每天要真正吃透一点。