考研
英语
【长难句每日打卡】day 109
2016-2-ReadingPartA-T4-3-1
文章主题：《美国年轻一代正在重新定义成功之路》
Young people who are still getting started in life were more likely than older adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work, to believe they will advance their careers most by regularly changing jobs, to favor communities with more public services and a faster pace of life, to agree that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children, and to maintain that children are best served by two parents working outside the home, the survey found.
词汇：
1.prioritize v.优先处理、优先考虑
2.fulfillment n.满足感、成就感
3.regularly adv.经常地、频繁地
4.favor v.偏爱、偏袒
5.pace n.速度、节奏
6.couple n.夫妇、情侣
7.secure v.安全的、有保障的
8.serve v.提供（食物或饮料）
9.maintain v.坚持认为、断言
【Step 1】找谓语
Young people who are still getting started in life weremore likely than older adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work, to believethey will advance their careers most by regularly changing jobs, to favorcommunities with more public services and a faster pace of life, to agree that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children, andto maintain that children are best served by two parents working outside the home, the survey found.
·动词 are getting started 语态：被动语态+时态：现在进行时
·动词 were likely to prioritize, to believe, to favor, to agree, and to maintain 时态：一般过去时
·动词 should be 情态
·动词 are served 语态：被动语态+ 时态：一般现在时
·动词 will advance 时态：一般将来时
·动词 found 时态：一般过去时
【Step 2】断句
Young people [who are still getting started in life] were more likely than older adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work, to believe [they will advance their careers most by regularly changing jobs], to favor communities with more public services and a faster pace of life, to agree [that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children], and to maintain[that children are best served by two parents working outside the home], the survey found.
解析：本句主句是the survey found，前面所有内容“Young people...outside the home”都是found的宾语，即宾语从句。在该宾语从句中，还包含4个从句：一个who引导的定语从句；一个省略连接词的宾语从句；两个that引导的宾语从句。
who引导的定语从句：
判断方法：1.位置：在名词|代词后；2.指代功能：people指人。
省略连接词的宾语从句：
判断方法：1.位置：在动词|介词后。
常省略连接词的从句：
1.宾语从句：在动词|介词后；
2.定语从句：在名词|代词后。
2个that引导的宾语从句：
..., to agree [that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children],
..., and to maintain [that children are best served by two parents working outside the home],
判断方法：1.位置：在动词|介词后。
重点成分标注：
主语：在句首|谓语前
宾语：在动词|介词后
表语：在系动词后
主语：蓝色；谓语：红色；表语：绿色；宾语：紫色；宾补：深蓝
主句：
the survey found.
大宾从：
Young people [...] were morelikely than older adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work, to believe [...], to favor communities with more public services and a faster pace of life, to agree [...], and to maintain [...],...
who引导的定语从句：
省略连接词的宾语从句：
2个that引导的宾语从句：
..., to agree [that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children],
其中，
1.financially_副词作状语，修饰形容词secure，表示在经济上受到保障；
2.before getting married or having children_介宾结构作时间状语【判断方法：1.位置：1）在句首：状语，完整句；2）在句尾：完整句状语；3）在主谓之间：主语，状语，谓语...】
..., and to maintain [that children are best served by two parents working outside the home],
其中，
1.本句是被动语态：主语 be done by 宾语；
2.best_副词作状语，修饰动词served，表示最好地served；
【Step 3】翻译
Young people [who are still getting started in life] were more likely than older adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work, to believe [they will advance their careers most by regularly changing jobs], to favor communities with more public services and a faster pace of life, to agree [that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children], and to maintain[that children are best served by two parents working outside the home], the survey found.
部分1：Young people [who are still getting started in life] were more likely than older adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work, ...
翻译：相较于年长一些的成年人，人生刚刚起步的年轻人更可能把个人成就感置于工作中的首位。
翻译解释：此处涉及定语从句的翻译：词数小于等于8个词，故采取前置译法，即译为“...的”。
部分2： to believe [they will advance their careers most by regularly changing jobs],
翻译：认为频繁更换工作最能推动职业。
改译：认为频繁更换工作最能推动职业发展。
翻译解释：所谓的“推动职业”，实则就是“推动职业的发展”。故增译“发展”二字。
提示🔔：在翻译时，一定要注意一个原则“加词不加意；减词不减意”。
部分3：to favor communities with more public services and a faster pace of life,
翻译：偏爱公共服务更多、生活节奏更快的社区。
部分4：to agree [that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children],
翻译：认为夫妻在经济上应该是得到保障的，在结婚或有孩子之前。
改译：认为夫妻应在结婚或生子之前实现经济保障。
部分5：and to maintain[that children are best served by two parents working outside the home], the survey found.
翻译：认为孩子应被工作在外的双方父母提供（饮食），调查发现。
改译：认为孩子应由工作在外的双方父母来养育，调查发现。
【Step 4】整合译文
相较于年长一些的成年人，人生刚刚起步的年轻人更可能把个人成就感置于工作中的首位，认为频繁更换工作最能推动职业发展，偏爱公共服务更多、生活节奏更快的社区，认为夫妻应在结婚或生子之前实现经济保障。认为孩子应由工作在外的双方父母来养育，调查发现。
【Step 5】润色译文
Young people [who are still getting started in life] were more likely than older adults to prioritize personal fulfillment in their work, to believe [they will advance their careers most by regularly changing jobs], to favor communities with more public services and a faster pace of life, to agree [that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children], and to maintain[that children are best served by two parents working outside the home], the survey found.
调查发现：相比稍微年长一些的成年人来讲，仍处于人生起步阶段的年轻人更可能在工作中优先考虑个人成就感，他们觉得频繁更换工作最能推动职业发展，他们更喜欢公共服务多、生活节奏更快的社区，他们赞同夫妻在结婚生子前应该有经济保障，并认为孩子最好由均在外工作的双亲来抚育。
翻译解释：
1.将主句the survey found提到句首翻译，因为整个句子都是调查发现的内容；
2.本句有多个to do<were likely to prioritize, to believe, to favor, to agree, and to maintain> 结构并列，为使语义更加明确，增译“他们”来指代这几个动词的共同主语“young people”；
1.prioritize v.优先处理、优先考虑 priority n.优先事项、最重要的事
2.fulfillment n.满足感、成就感
3.regularly adv.经常地、频繁地；定期地、有规律地
4.favor v.偏爱、偏袒；支持、赞同
5.pace n.速度、节奏
6.couple n.夫妇、情侣
7.secure v.安全的、有保障的 security n.安全、保护
8.serve v.提供（食物或饮料）
9.maintain v.坚持认为、断言；维持、保持；保养、维护
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