1. assume /əˈsjuːm/ v.
✅熟义：假定；认为 ✅生义：承担（责任）；就职；呈现（样貌）
▸固定搭配
assume (that)从句 认为/假定……
assume responsibility 承担责任
assume office 就职、上任
▸教材原句
Most people assume that regular exercise does wonders for the body and mind.
多数人认为规律运动对身心大有裨益。
▸高考真题
【2026新高考模拟真题阅读】We often assume that exercise only shapes our bodies, yet it also improves mental state.
译文：我们常误以为运动只塑造体态，实则也能改善心态。
【2022北京卷语法填空】We make decisions based on the assume that all people have equal physical potential.
答案：assumption（词性转换考点，assume名词变形）
2. term /tɜːm/ n.&v.
✅熟义n.学期；期限 ✅生义n.专业术语；措辞 v.把……称作
▸固定搭配
in the long/short term 长期/短期来看
sports terms 运动专业术语
term A as B 把A称作B
▸教材拓展句
These professional sports terms are easy to mix up for beginners.
这类运动专业术语新手极易混淆。
▸高考真题
【2023全国乙卷完形填空】In medical terms, lack of daily activity slows down metabolism.
译文：从专业术语来讲，日常活动不足会减缓新陈代谢。
【2025新高考Ⅱ卷阅读】People term regular workout a simple way to keep healthy.
译文：人们把规律锻炼称作一种简易的养生方式。
3. tend /tend/ v.
✅熟义：倾向于；往往会 ✅生义：照料；照看
▸固定搭配
tend to do sth 往往做某事；易于做某事
tend to sb/sth 照料某人/某物
tendency n. 倾向（词性转换高频考点）
▸教材原句
People who sit long tend to get tired more easily.
久坐人群往往更容易疲惫。
▸高考真题
【2021新高考Ⅰ卷阅读】Young people tend to ignore small daily exercise habits.
译文：年轻人往往忽视日常碎片化运动习惯。
【2024新高考Ⅰ卷七选五】If you tend to feel sleepy after meals, mild walking works well.
译文：如果你饭后容易犯困，轻度散步效果很好。
【2026高三统考真题】She spends spare time tending to injured players after training.
译文：训练结束后，她利用空余时间照料受伤队员。
4. range /reɪndʒ/ n.&v.
✅熟义n.范围；区间 v.（数值、情况）变化；介于区间
✅生义n.山脉；成套物品 v.漫步；徘徊
▸固定搭配
range from…to… 从……到……不等
a wide range of 各式各样的；大范围的
mountain ranges 山脉
▸教材拓展句
The suitable exercise time ranges from 30 minutes to one hour daily.
每日适宜运动时长在30分钟至1小时区间内。
▸高考真题
【2023全国乙卷完形】Daily exercise plans range from simple jogging to ball games.
译文：日常运动方案从简易慢跑延伸至球类运动不等。
【2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读】The park covers a wide range of sports facilities for citizens.
译文：这座公园配备种类繁多的市民运动设施。
【2026新高考预热真题】They ranged along the lake while keeping light exercise.
译文：他们沿着湖边漫步，同时进行轻度活动。
5. stick /stɪk/ v.&n.
✅熟义v.粘贴；粘住 n.木棍；枝条 ✅生义v.坚守；坚持；紧跟、陪伴
▸固定搭配
stick with sb 陪伴某人；紧跟某人
stick with doing sth 坚持做某事
stick to one’s goal 坚守目标
▸教材短语原句
If you want fitness progress, just stick with daily workouts.
想要体能进步，只需坚持每日锻炼。
▸高考真题
【2022全国甲卷阅读】Those who stick with long-term exercise gain better physical condition.
译文：坚持长期运动的人身体素质更佳。
【2024天津卷完形】Stick with your training plan, and you will see changes gradually.
译文：坚守训练计划，你终将慢慢看见改变。
6. average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ adj.&n.&v.
✅熟义adj.平均的 n.平均数
✅生义adj.普通的；平常的 v.平均达到
▸固定搭配
on average 平均来看
above/below average 高于/低于平均水平
average out 趋于平均
▸教材拓展句
The average daily exercise time among students is less than 20 minutes.
学生日均运动时长不足20分钟。
▸高考真题
【2020天津卷写作真题】The average sleep time of teens drops due to insufficient exercise.
译文：因运动不足，青少年平均睡眠时间有所下降。
【2025新高考Ⅱ卷阅读】An average person needs proper activity to stay energetic.
译文：普通人都需要适度活动维持精力。
【2026模考语法填空】His weekly running distance averages 5 kilometres.
译文：他每周跑步里程平均达到5公里。
7. lack /læk/ n.&v.
✅熟义n.缺乏；短缺 v.缺少；不足
▸拓展变形：lacking adj.欠缺的（常作表语）
▸固定搭配
lack sth（动词用法）缺少某物
(a) lack of sth（名词用法）某物匮乏
be lacking in 欠缺某种品质/条件
▸教材原句
Many students lack time for regular sports after school.
不少学生课后缺少规律运动的时间。
▸高考真题
【2024新高考Ⅰ卷阅读】A lack of exercise will weaken body resistance slowly.
译文：长期缺乏运动会慢慢降低身体抵抗力。
【2023全国甲卷语法填空】He is lacking in self-discipline to keep exercising regularly.
译文：他欠缺坚持规律锻炼的自律性。
【2026高考备考真题】Teenagers lack awareness of daily sports importance.
译文：青少年缺少重视日常运动的意识。
8. maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/ v.
✅熟义：维持；保持；保养（身体、器械）
✅生义：坚持认为；固执主张；赡养
▸固定搭配
maintain fitness 保持体能
maintain one’s opinion 坚持己见
maintain equipment 保养器材
▸教材拓展句
We need proper sports to maintain healthy physical state.
我们需要适度运动维持健康体态。
▸高考真题
【2026高考阅读真题】Experts maintain that moderate exercise benefits heart health greatly.
译文：专家坚持认为适度运动对心脏健康益处极大。
【2025新高考Ⅰ卷阅读】The club maintains basic sports facilities for members all year round.
译文：俱乐部常年为会员保养基础运动器材。
【2022全国乙卷完形】It’s easy to gain weight if you fail to maintain daily activity.
译文：若无法保持日常活动，体重极易上涨。
9. update /ˌʌpˈdeɪt/ v.&n.
✅熟义v.更新；升级 n.最新消息、动态
✅生义v.与时俱进；同步了解近况
▸固定搭配
update sports knowledge 更新运动常识
keep updated 保持与时俱进
▸教材拓展句
We should update our sports knowledge to avoid wrong workout ways.
我们应更新运动常识，规避错误锻炼方式。
▸高考真题
【2024新高考Ⅱ卷阅读】The official updates sports tips for teenagers every month.
译文：官方每月更新面向青少年的运动小贴士。
【2026模考真题】Update yourself with scientific exercise methods regularly.
译文：定期同步学习科学锻炼方法，做到与时俱进。
10. admit /ədˈmɪt/ v.
✅熟义：承认（过错、事实）✅生义：准许进入；录取；容纳
▸固定搭配
admit doing sth 承认做过某事
be admitted to/into 被录取；获准进入
▸教材拓展句
He admitted skipping morning exercise these days.
他承认这几天逃避晨练。
▸高考真题
【2022全国甲卷语法填空】He finally admitted breaking the training rules carelessly.
译文：他最终承认不慎违反训练纪律。
【2023新高考Ⅰ卷阅读】Only students with sports certificates are admitted into the training camp.
译文：仅有持有运动证书的学生可获准进入训练营。
【2025新高考Ⅱ卷完形】She was admitted into the school sports team last term.
译文：她上学期被录取入校运动队。
11. master /ˈmɑːstə(r)/ n.&v.&adj.
✅熟义v.精通；掌握 n.大师；主人
✅生义n.硕士学位 adj.熟练的；主要的
▸固定搭配
master sports skills 掌握运动技巧
a master of sports 运动能手
master’s degree 硕士学位
▸教材拓展句
It takes weeks to master correct running postures.
掌握标准跑姿需要数周练习。
▸高考真题
【2021新高考Ⅱ卷阅读】It takes patience to master standard exercise movements.
译文：掌握规范锻炼动作需要耐心。
【2024全国乙卷阅读】He grows into a master of marathon after years of practice.
译文：常年练习后，他成长为一名马拉松能手。
【2026备考真题】Many college students choose to pursue a master’s degree after graduation.
译文：不少大学生毕业后选择攻读硕士学位。
