Passage 1 主题：海洋污染问题

Sea snot is a thick, sticky, slimy stuff that forms when tiny sea animals and plants grow too fast because of pollution and warm water. It looks like a brown, bubbly top layer on the water surface.

Sea snot first became famous in the Sea of Marmara in Turkey in 2021. It covered large areas and caused serious damage. It stops sunlight from reaching underwater plants, and it can trap and kill fish and other sea animals. Fishermen cannot fish because their nets get stuck full of the sticky material. Also, it smells bad and harms tourism. Worse still, it can make coastal water unsafe for swimming and may even affect the drinking water near the shore.

What causes sea snot? Scientists say it is mainly caused by human activities. Waste water from factories and homes carries lots of nutrients into the sea. These nutrients make tiny sea life grow very fast. Climate change also makes seawater warmer, which speeds up the growth of these tiny living things.

To solve the problem, countries are working together. They are cutting down pollution and cleaning up the sea. People hope the sea will become clean again.

1.Why can’t fishermen work normally when sea snot appears?

A. The seawater becomes too warm to stay on boats.

B. Their fishing nets are covered with the sticky material.

C. Tourists take up most places along the seaside.

D. The drinking water near the coast is polluted.

2.What can we infer from Paragraph 2?

A. Sea snot only does harm to sea animals.

B. People can still swim safely in coastal water with sea snot.

C. Sea snot brings many troubles to coastal areas.

D. People have found good ways to deal with sea snot in 2021.

3.According to the passage, what will probably happen if people keep pouring waste water into the sea?

A. Sea snot will disappear soon.

B. More sea snot will appear in the ocean.

C. Sea plants will get enough sunlight.

D. The temperature of seawater will drop greatly.

4.What is people’s attitude towards the future of the sea?

A. Hopeful.B. Doubtful.C. Worried.D. Uninterested.

【解析】

1.B这是一道细节理解题。根据原文第二段Fishermen cannot fish because their nets get stuck full of the sticky material.可知，渔民无法作业是因为渔网被这种黏性物质缠住。A、C、D 均不是渔民无法工作的原因。

2.C 这是一道细节推理题。第二段介绍了海黏液遮挡阳光、害死海洋生物、影响渔业、破坏旅游业、威胁沿岸饮水与游泳安全，综合可推知它给沿海地区带来诸多麻烦。A 表述片面；B 与原文make coastal water unsafe for swimming相悖；D 第二段未提及解决办法。

3.B 这是一道内容推理题。由第三段可知，工厂和生活废水会带入大量营养物质，催生海黏液。由此可推断，如果持续向海中排放废水，海黏液会越来越多。其余选项均和文意相反。

4.A 这是一道人物观点推理题。文章最后一句People hope the sea will become clean again.表明人们对海洋的未来抱有希望。hopeful 抱有希望的；doubtful 怀疑的；worried 担忧的；uninterested 漠不关心的。

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Passage 2 主题：机器人马拉松

In a recent marathon in Tokyo, 20 robots joined the race. They ran together with human runners. This was the world’s first robot marathon.

The robots were about 40 cm tall. They looked like small humans. Each robot had two legs and could run, turn and stop. They used sensors to know where to go. Their speed was about 5 km per hour, slower than human runners.

The marathon was 42 km long. Most robots finished the race in about 8 hours. Some robots fell down during the race, but they could stand up by themselves and keep running.

Scientists say this robot marathon is a big step for robot technology. In the future, robots may help people in many ways. They can work in dangerous places, help with housework, or even take part in sports games.

1.The underlined word "sensors" in Paragraph 2 most probably means ______.

A. 传感器B. 显示屏C. 扬声器D. 遥控器

2.What can we learn from Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3?

A. The robots are big and strong.B. The robots run faster than common people.

C. The robots have the ability to recover after falling.

D. All robots failed to finish the long marathon.

3.What can we infer about robots in the future according to the passage?

A. They will only take part in sports games.

B. They will do more kinds of work for humans.

C. They will run every marathon around the world.

D. They will replace all human workers soon.

4.What do scientists think of the robot marathon?

A. It is meaningless.B. It is an important progress.

C. It costs too much money.D. It is full of safety risks.

【解析】

1.A 这是一道词义理解题。结合语境They used sensors to know where to go（机器人依靠它辨别方向），结合机器人相关常识可判断sensors意为 “传感器”。其余选项均不符合语境。

解词义理解题时，可结合利用语境推断：依托单词所在句子、前后句逻辑判断含义，也可以根据常识推断：科技、生活类文章可结合日常知识辅助判断，此外，我们还可以词根词缀来辅助推断，例如本题sensor，由sense（感知、感应）+ 后缀-or（表器物）组成，可推出 “感应装置 / 传感器”。

2. C这是一道细节推理题。由第三段Some robots fell down during the race, but they could stand up by themselves and keep running可知，机器人摔倒后可以自己站起来继续前进，具备摔倒后恢复行动的能力。A 错误，机器人只有 40 厘米，体型很小；B 错误，机器人速度比人类慢；D 错误，大部分机器人完成了比赛。

3. B 这是一道内容推理题。根据文末In the future, robots may help people in many ways可知，未来机器人会在多个领域帮助人类，承担各类工作。A 片面、C 无依据、D 过度夸大，因此本题选B。

4．B 这是一道人物观点题。文中a big step for robot technology表示 “机器人技术的一大步”，等同于重要进展。A（无意义的）、C（花费高昂）、D（存在安全隐患）文中均未提及。

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Passage 3 主题：探月科技

On April 24, 2026, the China Space Day event was successfully held in Chengdu. This day also marks the 71st anniversary of China's spaceflight. During the event, exciting news was announced: a new mineral discovered on the moon has been officially named "Cerium-Magnesium Chang'e Stone". It is the 11th new mineral found on the moon by humans.

This discovery is a big step forward for China's space program. Scientists used advanced technology to study moon rocks brought back by the Chang'e-5 mission. The new mineral provides important clues about the moon's history and formation.

"The naming of this mineral is not just a scientific achievement, but also a symbol of national pride," said Dr. Li, a leading scientist at the China National Space Administration. He added that China plans to explore deeper into the universe, including a manned lunar landing in the near future.

1.How does the writer start the passage?

A. By telling a funny story.B. By introducing a special activity and news.

C. By listing different opinions.D. By comparing two different events.

2.What can we infer from the passage?

A. No new minerals will be found on the moon later.

B. Chang'e-5 has brought back samples from the moon.

C. Manned lunar landing will be realized in a distant future.

D. The new mineral is useless for space research.

3.What is the structure of the whole passage?

A. Present news → explain its value → show opinions and future plans

B. Talk about history → give examples → draw a conclusion

C. Raise questions → give answers → make predictions

D. Compare facts → find problems → offer solutions

4.Where can we most probably read this passage?

A. A storybook for kids.B. A science and news magazine.

C. A fashion magazine.D. A travel guidebook.

【解析】

1．B这是一道关于文章写法的推理题。文章开篇先介绍中国航天日这项活动，紧接着公布月球新矿物命名的重磅消息。A（讲趣味故事）、C（罗列观点）、D（对比事件）均和原文开篇方式不符。因此本题选B. 

2．B这是一道内容推理题。根据第二段Scientists used advanced technology to study moon rocks brought back by the Chang'e-5 mission可推断，嫦娥五号带回了月球岩石样本。A 表述绝对，文中未提及不再发现新矿物；C 与原文in the near future（在不久的将来）相悖；D 和原文 “该矿物能为月球研究提供线索” 矛盾。

3．A 这是一道关于文章结构的推理题。全文脉络大致可以分为：①第一段：介绍航天日活动，公布月球新矿物命名（呈现新闻）；②第二段：讲解此次发现对航天工程、月球研究的价值（阐释价值）；③第三段：引用专家观点，并介绍中国后续太空探索计划（观点 + 未来规划）。因此A 选项为最佳选项。

4．B 这是一道关于文章出处的推理题。本文围绕航天新闻、月球科研成果展开，属于科技新闻类内容，最有可能出现在科技新闻杂志。A儿童故事书、C 时尚杂志、D 旅游指南，因此B为最佳选项。

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Passage 4 主题：城市森林

Cities around the world are facing two serious problems these days: rising temperatures and growing population. More people move into urban areas every year, which makes streets crowded and public spaces limited. To improve people’s living environment and create more comfortable cities, many countries and big cities have started a meaningful project — building “urban forests”. Simply put, an urban forest refers to a large area covered with various trees and green plants inside the city limits, different from the wild forests in the countryside.

Urban forests bring plenty of obvious benefits to city life. First of all, they play an important role in regulating temperature. Green trees can take in extra heat from the surroundings and release fresh cool air. According to related research, a well-built urban forest is able to lower local temperature by 3 to 5 degrees Celsius on hot summer days. Besides cooling the city, these plants also work as natural air cleaners. They effectively absorb harmful gases produced by cars and factories, and keep producing oxygen nonstop. What’s more, urban forests offer peaceful natural spaces for tired city residents. People can take a slow walk, enjoy quiet reading or do outdoor exercise there to relax themselves after busy work or study.

However, creating a complete urban forest is never an easy task. It requires plenty of land and plenty of money for plant purchase and construction. After being built, workers also need to regularly water, trim and protect the trees all year round. Even so, most people agree that all the efforts are totally worth it. With more urban forests appearing, our cities will become greener, healthier and far more beautiful places to live in.

1. What can we infer from the passage?

A. Urban forests can improve people's living conditions.

B. Building urban forests costs little money and land.

C. Wild forests in the countryside are the same as urban forests.

D. Trees in urban forests never need care after being planted.

2.What is an urban forest according to the passage?

A. A wild forest lying outside the city.

B. A large area of trees and plants within a city.

C. A common park with few plants.

D. A small garden beside tall buildings.

3.Which of the following is one of the advantages of urban forests?

A. They make city temperatures higher.

B. They produce harmful gases all the time.

C. They help cool down the city air.

D. They take up all the public land in cities.

4.The underlined phrase “residents” in Paragraph 2 means ______.

A. city peopleB. farmersC. visitorsD. engineers

【解析】

1．A 这是一道关于文章内容的推理题。文章开篇提到打造城市森林是为了改善人居环境，后文又介绍它能降温、净化空气、提供休闲空间，由此可推断城市森林能够提升人们的生活条件。B 错误，原文第三段明确指出建设城市森林需要大量土地和资金；C 错误，第一段说明城市森林和郊外野生森林并不相同；D 错误，文中提到树木建成后还需要常年养护。

2．B这是一道细节理解题。根据第一段an urban forest refers to a large area covered with various trees and green plants inside the city limits可知，城市森林是城市内部大片的林木植被。A（城外野外森林）、C（绿植稀少的普通公园）、D（高楼旁小花园）均与原文不符。

3．C 这是一道细节理解题。原文第二段提到they play an important role in regulating temperature... lower local temperature，说明城市森林可以给城市降温。A、B 与原文表意相反；D 文中仅说明建设需要占用土地，并非其作用。因此本题选C。

4．A这是一道词义猜测题。结合语境urban forests offer peaceful natural spaces for tired city residents，城市森林是供城市居民休闲的场所，因此 residents 意为 “城市居民”。B 农民、C 游客、D 工程师，均不符合句意。常见派生词：reside (v. 居住) → resident (n. 居民)。

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Passage 5 主题：文化习俗

Belarus (白俄罗斯) is known for its many unique customs. Belarusians are also famous for their wonderful traditions and habits. They’re kind, with special ways to talk, meet, and treat guests. Let’s learn about them together!

Belarusians are open, warm, and honest. They often say “please” and “thank you”. They use “you” in different ways. Young people call each other by first names, but grown-ups use first names and father’s names.

When meeting, they shake hands, hug, or kiss. Old people kiss kids’ foreheads (前额). Friends kiss each other’s cheeks. Men may kiss ladies’ hands to show respect. If you don’t know a lady well, don’t shake hands unexpectedly. Just say she looks young and nice.

To welcome guests, Belarusians give them bread and salt. Guests should bow, pretend to kiss the bread, take a small piece of it, then put salt on it, eat it, and say “thank you”. When you visit Belarusians, bring odd-numbered flowers (3, 5, 7...) for the hostess. Even numbers (偶数) are for people who have died.

Belarusians laugh loudly to express happiness. A small smile may mean they look down on someone. This is very different from the meaning of our “polite smile”.

Their main food is bread, and they love meat, potatoes, and different kinds of soups. Potatoes are so important that over 100 dishes can be made with them! They also enjoy sour cream, cheese, and yogurt. When eating soup, they never make noise.

1.How do young Belarusians usually call each other?

A. By their full names.B. By their father’s names.

C. By their first names.D. By their family names.

2.How do Belarusian men show respect to women?

A. By shaking hands hard with a warm smile.

B. By kissing ladies’ hands in a polite manner.

C. By hugging ladies closely with both arms.

D. By bowing deeply and avoiding eye contact.

3.What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 mean?

A. Smiling is always a sign of friendliness.B. Only close friends can exchange smiles.

C. Belarusians seldom smile in daily life.D. A small smile might mean no respect.

4.What’s the structure of the text? (①= Paragraph 1, ...)

A. ①|②③④⑤⑥ B. ①|②③④⑤|⑥ C. ①②|③④⑤|⑥ D. ①②③④⑤|⑥

【解析】

1．C这是一道细节理解题。原文第二段Young people call each other by first names，直接说明年轻人互相称呼名字。A 全名、B 父名（成年人用法）、D 姓氏，均与原文不符。

2．B这是一道细节理解题。原文第三段Men may kiss ladies’ hands to show respect，对应选项 “礼貌地亲吻女士手背表示尊重”。A 用力握手、C 紧紧拥抱、D 深度鞠躬回避眼神，文中均无对应描述。所以B为最佳选项。

3．D这是一道句意理解 / 词义推理题。划线句含义：淡淡的微笑可能代表看不起某人。look down on = 轻视、不尊重。A 微笑永远代表友好（和原文相反）；B 只有好友能互相微笑（无依据）；C 白俄罗斯人平时很少笑（原文只说大笑代表开心，未说很少微笑）。

固定短语 look down on sb.表示轻视某人；反义词组look up to sb.表示尊敬某人。

4．A这是一道文章结构推理题。全文分层逻辑大致为：①第一段总起：引出白俄罗斯独特风俗，总领全文；②—⑥第二至六段分述：依次介绍称呼礼仪、见面礼仪、待客习俗、面部表情文化、特色饮食。全文为总分结构：总段①，分段②③④⑤⑥，对应选项 A。

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