一个退休老教师的肺腑之言：这13个动词，决定中考英语成败。
“师爷爷，我想再加几节课！”
手机那头，一个十五六岁的女孩语气格外认真。
我愣了一下——这孩子，是我26年前学生的女儿。1997年，我在涡阳四中带首届毕业班，她父亲坐在教室里，笔记本翻得沙沙响。2000年他毕业，考上军校，后来当了副团长。
如今，他的孩子叫我“师爷爷”。
她说，从来没遇到过像我这样的老师——语法难点几句话就讲通了，“四两拨千斤”。她说，初中单词不再是一团乱麻，高频词汇分门别类装进脑子里。她说，从原来的胆怯，变成了自信。
我听了，心里热了一下。
教了大半辈子英语，我最大的体会是：动词短语不是“背”出来的，是“品”出来的。今天，我不再列枯燥的短语表，而是把13个中考必考动词，放进真实的完形填空、阅读理解和书面表达里。让孩子亲眼看看：这些词在考场上到底怎么“活”起来。
一、真题在线·完形填空
下面这篇短文，是我根据近三年中考真题改编的。13个动词中的大部分都藏在里面。让孩子先读，再填空。答案在文末。
Last summer, I 1 (took part in / joined) a volunteer program at the city library. My job was to 2 (take care of / look for) the children’s section. Every morning, I would 3 (get up / get on) early and 4 (take / spend) about 30 minutes organizing the books.
One day, a little boy 5 (turned to / turned on) me and asked, “Can you help me find a book about space？” I 6 (looked up / looked for) the title on the computer and soon 7 (came up with / found) it. He was so happy that his eyes 8 (turned / became) bright.
I 9 (made / did) a decision at that moment: I would 10 (keep on / keep) volunteering here. It’s amazing how a small act of kindness can 11 (make a difference / make a decision) in someone’s life. Don’t 12 (give up / give out) the chance to help others. Even when things get difficult, you can always 13 (work out / work on) a way to 14 (get over / get away from) the challenges.
Now, I 15 (look forward to / look after) every weekend because I know I’ll 16 (spend / take) time with those lovely kids. I’ve also 17 (taken up / taken off) reading space books myself. Who knows？ Maybe one day I’ll 18 (come true / come up with) my own dream of becoming an astronaut.
答案与简析：
1. took part in（参加活动） 2. take care of（照顾） 3. get up（起床） 4. spend（花费时间）
5. turned to（转向；求助） 6. looked up（查阅） 7. came up with（找到；想出）
8. turned（变得，颜色或状态变化） 9. made（make a decision） 10. keep on（继续）
11. make a difference（有影响） 12. give up（放弃） 13. work out（解决）
14. get over（克服） 15. look forward to（期待） 16. spend（花时间）
16. taken up（开始学习） 18. come true（实现）
→ 这一篇短文，就把 get、take、turn、put（未直接出现，可加）、give、look、come、go（未直接出现）、make、keep、work、spend、join 中的12个全用上了。孩子读完一遍，胜过背三遍短语表。
二、真题在线·阅读理解
下面的段落摘自2023年某地中考真题（有改编）。注意黑体动词短语，它们是理解整段话的关键。
When I was 12, I took up painting. At first, I was terrible at it. My teacher encouraged me not to give up. She said, “Every master got over the beginner’s stage.” I spent two hours every day practicing. Gradually, my skills improved. Three years later, I took part in a city-wide art competition. The theme was “My Hometown”. I came up with an idea to draw the old bridge and the river. On the day of the competition, I was nervous. But I kept on painting until the last minute. When the results came out, I couldn’t believe it — I won second place. That experience taught me that dreams come true for those who never turn back.
阅读理解题（每题2分，共4分）：
1. What did the writer take up at age 12？
A. Drawing. B. Painting. C. Singing.
2. What did the writer come up with for the competition？
A. An idea to draw the bridge and river.
B. A plan to ask for help.
C. A way to get over nervousness.
答案： 1. B 2. A
解析：两道题直接考查动词短语的含义理解。如果孩子认识take up（开始学习）和come up with（想出），不用回读太多就能直接选出答案。
三、真题在线·书面表达
书面表达中，用好动词短语是拿“高分档”的捷径。下面是一篇中等作文和高分作文的对比，差别就在动词。
题目： 写一次帮助他人的经历（2024年广西中考模拟题）
中等作文：
One day, I helped an old woman. She couldn‘t cross the road. I took her arm and walked with her. She said thank you. I was happy.
高分作文（融入动词短语）：
Last Friday, I was on my way home when I noticed an old woman standing at the crosswalk. She looked worried, so I went up to her and asked if she needed help. She said she couldn’t get over her fear of heavy traffic. I took her arm and helped her cross the road. After that, she turned to me with a big smile and said, “Thank you, young man.” A small act of kindness made a big difference in my day. I made up my mind to help more people in the future.
对比：高分作文用了 notice, go up to, get over, turn to, make a difference, make up one’s mind 等6个动词短语。句子更生动，内容更丰富，阅卷老师自然会打高分。
四、写在最后
教了几十年英语，我越来越觉得：单词不是“背”出来的，是“用”出来的。孩子拿着单词表背100遍get up，不如在一篇完形填空里遇见它一次；抄写10遍take place，不如在阅读理解里读到一个真实的句子。
这篇文章里的所有例句、短文、题目，都是我一个字一个字改编、整理的，全部来自近三年中考真题。如果您想获得完整打印版（含答案详解+额外20篇完形填空练习），请在公众号后台回复“四两拨千斤”，我会免费发给您。
我不是商人，也不想藏着掖着。我只是一个教了大半辈子书的老头儿，愿意把真东西递到需要的人手上。
接下来，我跟家长说几句心里话：
上面这13个动词的资料，是我花了两周时间从真题里扒出来的。您拿去给孩子用。但实话实说，动词短语只是“砖瓦”。真正让孩子在中考英语里拿高分的，是完形填空怎么读懂上下文、阅读理解怎么快速定位答案、书面表达怎么搭框架写够字数——这些才是“盖房子”的本事。
这些东西，得对着孩子讲。一个老教师对着屏幕，一句话一句话地拆，一个例子一个例子地比，孩子才能真听进去。
所以，如果您给孩子做完动词资料后，觉得我讲的思路对他胃口，想继续跟我学完形填空、阅读理解、书面表达的实战技巧，可以微信上喊我一声。我每周可以给他上一次视频课，一次一小时，把那些“四两拨千斤”的法子，一个一个掰开揉碎了讲给他听。
我的微信：15056958767（备注“中考技巧”）
