广州中考英语完形选项词频能否预测全国中考完形:一项语料库研究
现有116套广州中考及一模题的完形填空选项词，经统计得到：2. 单词的频率（word frequency）。例如take的频率为100，表示作为选项出现过100次。为便于比较，将词频均标准化为百分比，如take为100/116=86.2%。另有200套全国各地中考题，经统计得到完形填空选项词的单词列表及对应频率。问：广州语料库的完形选项词词频，能在多大程度上预测全国中考中的完形选项词频？挑选在全国语料库中词频≥4%的单词，共454个。剔除高频虚词（如up、nobody、whether等）， 剩余400个，进入统计。全国完形中，最高频的选项词为look和give（词频均为30%），其它高频词如下。 | | 全国词频 | 广州词频 |
| look (27); looks (4); looked (22); looking (7) | | |
| gave (21); give (23); gift (7); given (4); gifts (2); giving (3) | | |
| carelessly (8); carefully (26); careful (11); cared (3); care (5); careless (2); caring (1) | | |
| worrying (3); worried (33); worriedly (6); worry (12) | | |
| surprise (14); surprised (35); surprisingly (1); surprising (1); surprises (1) | | |
| excited (32); excitedly (11); exciting (5); excitingly (1); excitement (1) | | |
| angry (23); angrily (20); anger (5) | | |
| | | |
| forgot (21); forget (18); forgotten (2); forgets (1); unforgettable (2); forgettable (1) | | |
| happily (10); happy (26); unhappy (1); happiness (5); happiest (2) | | |
| interested (12); interesting (14); interest (14); interests (2) | | |
| helped (5); help (19); helping (6); helpful (9); helps (1); helpless (1) | | |
| changes (8); change (16); changed (14); changing (2); changeable (1) | | |
对于全范围400个高频选项词中，两组数据的词频高度相关，相关性为0.828。即广州中考的完形选项词频信息，能很好预测全国中考的词频。经计算两者词频之差（广州减去全国）可发现，两者范围相近（±5%）以内的单词共有350个，占全范围单词的87.5%，即广州单词中，很大一部分词频和全国的相近。结果显示，两者词频差异在5%以上的共22个，平均差异6.6%。差异最大的为forget，在全国中考出现概率为23%，而在广州仅为12%，相差10%。其它差异较大的词有： | | | | |
| forgot (21); forget (18); forgotten (2); forgets (1); unforgettable (2); forgettable (1) | | | |
| clear (6); clearly (14); cleared (1) | | | |
| promises (3); promise (13); promised (8) | | | |
| joke (8); joked (4); jokes (4); joking (1) | | | |
| start (10); started (9); starts (2) | | | |
| | | | |
| terribly (2); terrible (12) | | | |
| refused (28); refuse (7); refuses (2); refusing (1) | | | |
采用与3.2中的方法，可计算出在广州中考更常考察的词汇，差异在5%以上的共28个，平均差异9.8%。其中差异最大的为look，在广州中考出现概率为53%，而在全国范围仅为30%，相差23%，happy差异也较大，相差22%。其它差异较大的词有： | | | | |
| look (27); looks (4); looked (22); looking (7) | | | |
| happily (10); happy (26); unhappy (1); happiness (5); happiest (2) | | | |
| excited (32); excitedly (11); exciting (5); excitingly (1); excitement (1) | | | |
| carelessly (8); carefully (26); careful (11); cared (3); care (5); careless (2); caring (1) | | | |
| angry (23); angrily (20); anger (5) | | | |
| workers (2); work (11); worked (8); working (3); works (1); worker (3) | | | |
| difficult (17); difficulty (2) | | | |
| | | | |
| lucky (9); unluckily (6); luckily (13); luck (9); luckier (1); unlucky (1); luckiest (1) | | | |
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