长难句精读丨Vol.05-考研真题实例句子解读

But the Nobel Foundation's limit of three recip-ients per prize, each of whom must still be livi-ng, has long been outgrown by the collaborati-ve nature of modern research— as will be dem-onstrated by the inevitable row over who is ig-nored when it comes to acknowledging the dis-covery of the Higgs boson.

主句：But the Nobel Foundation's limit of three re-cipients per prize, each of whom must still be livi-ng, has long been outgrown by the collaborative  nature of modern research

非限制性定语从句：as will be demonstrated by the i-nevitable row over who is ignored when it comes  to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs bos-on

①本句是一个主从复合句，其中主句部分“But the N-obel Foundation's limit of three recipients per- prize, each of whom must still be living, has lo-ng been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research”为主谓结构｡“the Nobel F-oundation's limit of three recipients per prize”是主语部分，核心名词“limit”表示“限制”,“of th-ree recipients per prize”作后置定语，修饰“limi-t”,说明是“每个奖项三位获奖者”的限制｡“has lon-g been outgrown”是谓语动词部分，使用了现在完成时的被动语态，表示“早已被超越”，强调既成事实和持续影响｡“by the collaborative nature of mo-dern research”是介词短语作状语，说明超越的施动者,即“被现代研究的合作本质所超越”｡

②“as will be demonstrated by the inevitable r-ow over who is ignored when it comes to ackn-owledging the discovery of the Higgs boson”是一个由“as”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个主句陈述的事实，即“限制被超越”这一情况。

语法成分：But the Nobel Foundation's limit of t-hree recipients per prize, each of whom must s-till be living, has long been outgrown by the c-ollaborative nature of modern research— as wi-ll be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledgi-ng the discovery of the Higgs boson.

连词：But

主语：the Nobel Foundation's limit of three recipi-ents per prize

定语从句：each of whom must still be living

谓语：has long been outgrown

状语：by the collaborative nature of modern resea-rch

定语从句：as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored

时间状语从句：when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson

【翻译】：但是，诺贝尔基金会规定，每个奖项的受领者不超过三人且必须都在世，这种限定早已不适用于具有合作性质的现代化研究了。这一点会在认定希格斯波色子的发现者时得到证明，因为届时不可避免地会出现“谁被忽略了”的争论。

"The Heart of the Matter", the just-released re-port by the American Academy of Arts and Sci-ences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities and social scien-ces to the prosperity and security of liberal de-mocracy in America.

本文节选自2013年6月30日的《华尔街日报》在线版（The Wall Street Journal Online)，原文标题为《非人文教育与“问题的核心”》(Liberal Education and the Heart of the Matter)。本文主要围绕美国人文与科学院新近发布的《问题的核心》这一报告展开论述。文章第一段介绍了《问题的核心》这一报告并指出其存在有值得肯定之处，但也存在问题。第二段介绍了制定该报告的背景。第三段评价该报告有值得称道之处，但紧接着在第四段和第五段指出这份报告未触及教育问题的核心，并给出例子来论证。第六段作者指出这份报告回避了重要问题，而这可能会阻碍人文教育改革的进程。