第一步:找谓语锁定句子唯一时态动词,遵循「一句一谓语」铁律,多余动词全部变非谓语第二步:判逻辑区分主动/被动/常态习惯/目的将来/心理状态第三步:定形式对应口诀,锁定 doing / done / to do / 动词原形
三、零漏洞考点精讲
1. doing 核心考点
新课标满分:doing 不只是“正在进行”两大核心用法:- 动作正在进行、片段瞬间- 动作长期常态、习惯抽象(适配practice/enjoy/finish等固定搭配)常考固定搭配(只接doing)重点: 写作也要遵循finish / enjoy / practice / mind / spend + doing口诀:完成、喜欢、练习、介意、花费,全加ing
2. done 核心考点(易失分点)
纠正误区:done ≠ 全是ed- 规则动词:直接加ed(improved、confused)- 不规则动词:特殊变形(do-done、write-written、see-seen)双重考察逻辑:- 事物:被动、完成(the book written by… 被写的书)- 人:心理感受(confused困惑的、interested感兴趣的)
3. to do 核心考点(目的+否定特例)
核心用法:表目的、将来、计划、意愿
意愿类动词必接to do:
want/decide/plan/hope/refuse/strive/prepare
新课标否定特例(很多学生写错)非谓语否定:not to do / not doing错误:don’t to do 正确:not to do
4. 动词原形 (特例)
只有4种情况用原形(非谓语动词变形,非正统非谓语,其余全是非谓语:1. 情态动词后:can/must/should/will + 原形2. 感官动词主动态:see/hear sb. do(全过程、经常性动作)3. 使役动词主动态:make/let/have sb. do4. help sb. (to) do(可省to,用原形)
5. 超级高频特例:主动去to,被动还原to
主动:make/see/hear sb. do(去掉to)被动:be made/seen/heard to do(必须还原to)
6. 超高易错动词专属规则
improve / achieve 两大特殊动词:不接to、不接ing、不单独变形仅跟随前面动词搭配:strive to improve(to归前面动词,不归improve)
四、10道新课标题+三步法满分解析
1. We strive hard ________ (improve) our English ability every day.答案:to improve三步判定:① 谓语strive,多余动词变非谓语;② 表动作目的、将来意图;③ 目的将来用to do。2. My sister practices ________ (speak) English for half an hour daily.答案:speaking三步判定:① 谓语practices,多余动词变非谓语;② 主动常态习惯动作;③ 固定搭配practice doing,常态主动用ing。3. The teacher makes us ________ (finish) our homework on time.答案:finish三步判定:① 谓语makes,多余动词变非谓语;② 使役动词主动表“让某人做某事”;③ 主动使役动词后接动词原形。4. ________ (achieve) our dreams, we need to keep working hard.答案:To achieve三步判定:① 主句谓语need,前方动词为非谓语;② 整句表目的“为了实现梦想”;③ 句首表目的用to do,首字母大写。5. He is good at ________ (prepare) for all kinds of exams.答案:preparing三步判定:① 谓语is,多余动词变非谓语;② 主语主动常态动作;③ 介词后无原形/to do,固定用ing。6. The book ________ (write) by the famous writer is very popular.答案:written三步判定:① 谓语is,多余动词变非谓语;② 书籍被书写,表被动、完成;③ 被动完成用done,write不规则变形为written。7. She decides ________ (give) up bad habits and study harder.答案:to give三步判定:① 谓语decides,多余动词变非谓语;② 表未来打算、动作目的;③ 意愿类动词后固定用to do。8. I saw him ________ (play) basketball on the playground just now.(全过程)答案:play三步判定:① 谓语saw,多余动词变非谓语;② 观看完整全过程动作;③ 感官动词主动看全程,接动词原形。9. He finished ________ (read) the novel last night.答案:reading三步判定:① 谓语finished,多余动词变非谓语;② 主动完成常态动作;③ 固定搭配finish doing,用ing形式。10. ________ (confuse) by the difficult grammar rule, she turned to her teacher for help.答案:Confused三步判定:① 主句谓语turned,开头动词为非谓语;② 主语she被难题困惑,表被动、心理状态;③ 被动完成用done,规则动词变ed形式。