山东省济宁市2026届高三4月高考模拟考试（二模）
英语试题
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。
1. What will the man do on Saturday evening?
A. Collect his father.B. Attend a party.C. Catch a flight.
2. What does the man think of Professor Wang?
A. Strict.B. Interesting.C. Easy-going.
3. Who could the woman probably be?
A. Robert’s friend.B. Robert’s boss.C. Robert’s mother.
4. What problem did the man have?
A. He failed to place an order.
B. He forgot the woman’s name.
C. He went to the wrong address.
5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. A restaurant.B. A bakery.C. Sandwiches.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
6. How often does the train run?
A. Every 15 minutes.
B. Every half an hour.
C. Every hour.
7. What will the speakers do next?
A. Buy bus tickets.B. Wait for the train.C. Check the schedule.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
8. Why is the man talking to Jennifer?
A. To seek her advice.B. To give her a task.C. To thank her.
9. What is the man going to do?
A. Review the report.B. Revise the slides.C. Remove the images.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
10. What can we learn about the soccer match?
A. It ended in a draw.
B. It was a regional final.
C. The Portville Lions lost.
11. Why was the game challenging?
A. The opponents were strong.
B. The goalkeeper lost several balls.
C. The playing conditions were difficult.
12. What will be broadcast next?
A. An advertisement.B. A weather report.C. A piece of news.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
13. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Travel agent and customer.
B. Driver and passenger.
C. Fellow travelers.
14. Where will the woman spend her first day?
A. In a grassland.B. At a beach.C. On an island.
15. What does the man say about Fraser Island?
A. It has sand everywhere.
B. It covers seventy-five square miles.
C. It has the most beaches in the world.
16. What can the woman do in the grassland?
A. Walk in the forests.B. Feed some animals.C. Camp outdoors.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17. What is at the northern end of the park?
A. A river.B. A wall.C. A pond.
18. Where is the statue of Diane Gosforth now?
A. On the riverbank.
B. Close to the south gate.
C. Near the heart of the park.
19. How is the children’s playground different?
A. It has been relocated.
B. It has been expanded.
C. It includes sculptures now.
20. How many tennis courts are there in the park now?
A. Two.B. Four.C. Eight.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
2026 Local Letters for Global Change Contest Is Open!
The Pulitzer Center invites you to make your voice heard by writing a letter to a local decision-maker that explains the global issue you want them to prioritize, shows how it connects to your local community, and proposes a solution. We want to read and share your letters: tell us, and the world what’s most important to you.
Eligibility:
We welcome entries from all current K-12 students across the globe. Letters should be written in English and address a topic within one of the Pulitzer Center’s four focus issues:
Climate and Environment
Global Health
Information and Artificial Intelligence
Education and Opportunity
Entry Guidelines:
Choose an issue that is important to your local community and your selected decision-maker would like to address.
Your proposed solution should be workable. But you don’t have to reinvent the wheel! Consider advocating for a solution that has been effective elsewhere or is already in progress.
The evidence you provide to support your claims should be reliable. You must cite at least one Pulitzer Center news story, but you can also cite evidence from other news sources, academic articles, or reports by organizations and governments.
Submit your entry between May 14 and June 16, 2026 to www.pulitzercenter.org/stories, using the contest form. It will request some basic personal and contact information; you can copy your letter directly into the form.
Prizes:
First place winners: $ 300 to support global community engagement in your classroom
Finalists: $ 75 to support global community engagement in your classroom
P.S. All entrants will be invited to participate in a Pulitzer Center town hall event, held virtually in August, to share solutions with other students from around the world.
21. What is the contest mainly aimed at?
A. Improving students’ writing skills.
B. Building bonds among communities.
C. Developing students’ global citizenship.
D. Publicizing Pulitzer Center’s focus issues.
22. Which theme is most likely to be accepted for the contest?
A. The history of a city’s central park.
B. Basic theories of artificial intelligence.
C. A town’s efforts to reduce plastic waste.
D. Tips for better sleep during exam week.
23. What is a must for contestants?
A. Selecting the latest topic.
B. Inventing a novel solution.
C. Posting the entry before June.
D. Citing a Pulitzer Center story.
B
For years I walked the streets of London wearing noise-canceling headphones, absorbed in playlists, podcasts or long voice notes, a million miles away from wherever I physically was.
One damp January evening, I was walking home, headphones out of power in my bag, when I noticed a small figure fall down on the pavement with her eyes closed. I might not have noticed her if I had been in my own world, fixated on what was playing in my ears. I asked her name. No response. Worse, she didn’t seem to be breathing. My mind raced back to my first-aid class, but I drew a blank, afraid of getting it wrong. I dialed 999. The call handler talked me through it: lie her down, press her chest to a count, keep going. To my relief, the stranger took a breath. After the medical workers arrived, I quietly left.
After that night, I resolved to be more aware of the happenings around me. Wearing headphones made me feel as if I was wrapped in sound: it could be comforting, but the world was dulled and separate.
So, off they came.
Suddenly, I awakened to all that had long escaped my notice. A noise in the grass turned out to be a hedgehog fighting a blackbird — I felt as if I’d entered a secret world. A thunderous crack alerted me to a woodpecker drilling holes in a tree near my local park. Plus, I’m more open to talking to strangers now. It’s easier to start a conversation when my first response isn’t “What?” as I peel off my headphones.
Still, it helps to have the option to zone out. I refuse to go for a run without loud Cuban music in my ears to force my trainers to hit the ground with the beat. There’s no way I’m getting on an aeroplane without listening to an audio book.
As for that January night, I’ll never know what happened to the stranger, but I’m glad I was paying attention.
24. Why was the author able to notice the woman’s unusual condition?
A. He heard a sound of an ambulance.
B. He had rich first-aid expertise.
C. His headphones happened to be dead.
D. His mind was wandering from music.
25. What does the underlined word “they” refer to in paragraph 4?
A. The headphones.B. The noises.
C. The happenings.D. The medical workers.
26. What is the author’s current view on using headphones?
A. It is a stylish trend.B. It is a conscious choice.
C. It is a regular routine.D. It is a habitual preference.
27. What message does the text try to convey?
A. Music speaks.B. Alertness counts.
C. Kindness never fades.D. To tune out is to tune in.
C
The evolutionary path that led to the rise of modern humans is full of twists and turns, and the latest surprise is that our species likely evolved from two ancestral populations.
Scientists have long thought that modern humans emerged from a single hominin (古人类) population in Africa between 300,000 and 200,000 years ago. However, a new study led by Richard Durbin, a geneticist at the University of Cambridge revealed that two groups of hominins split apart around 1.5 million years ago, only to reunite about 1.2 million years later, initiating a genetic mixing event that resulted in the birth of modern humanity.
Instead of relying on ancient remains, researchers made use of modern human DNA from the 1,000 Genomes Project. By adding that dataset to a computational algorithm (算法), they produced a structured model that displayed two ancestral populations breaking apart and getting back together in ancient times. “The fact that we can reconstruct events from hundreds of thousands or millions of years ago just by looking at DNA today is astonishing,” said Durbin.
The model shows in the years after the split, one of the two groups contracted temporarily. “Immediately after the two ancestral populations split, we see a severe bottleneck in one of them — suggesting it declined to a very small size before slowly growing over a period of one million years,” Durbin said. “This population would later contribute about 80% of the genetic material of modern humans. The second group, meanwhile, contributed around 20% of the genes, many of which are located far away from the functional regions of the genome.
As for the identity of these ancestral populations, an element of mystery still remains. The researchers point to Homo erectus and Homo heidelbergensis as possible candidates, but further research is needed. Still, the genetic exchange shaping the modern human genome demonstrates that human evolution has involved splits and reunions. And that’s probably not limited to humans.
28. What is the highlight of the new study?
A. It rewrites human origin.B. It compares two populations.
C. It maps the human genome.D. It confirms evolution timeline.
29. Which best describes the method of the study?
A. Practice-focused.B. Culture-based.
C. Theory-guided.D. Data-driven.
30. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?
A. Species evolve in a clear and straight line.
B. Genetic exchange may exist in other species.
C. The status of the two groups has been identified.
D. The two populations contributed equally in genes.
31. What is the best title of the text?
A. Our Closest Ancient Cousins.
B. An Ancestral Get-Together.
C. The Art of Encoding Human DNA.
D. The Out-of-Africa Human Journey.
D
When you were little, did you fight with your brother or sister about who would get the last gummy bear? Or who got to sit in the front of the ride? Behind these cases lies a hidden mindset — zero-sum thinking, a term that comes from math. In a zero-sum game, the total of gains and losses among the players always adds up to zero. Oskar Morgenstern first formally described this concept in the 1944 book Theory of Games and Economic Behavior. Since then it has been widely used in economic theories and game theory.
Drawing on ideas of evolutionary psychology, some have argued that zero-sum thinking arose as a cognitive (认知的) adaptation within early-human ancestors who were forced to compete over limited resources. As such, the tendency to subjectively view resource distribution as zero-sum might have been the dominant strategy in our evolutionary past, giving individuals with higher zero-sum beliefs a relative advantage over others. Thus, in modern environments, zero-sum beliefs are adopted under similar conditions of threat and resource-shortage and can be overridden only with thoughtful reflection.
Zero-sum beliefs have important intrapersonal and interpersonal consequences. At the intrapersonal level, greater approval of zero-sum beliefs is associated with more negative (and less positive) effects, more greed and lower life satisfaction. Zero-sum beliefs can also be interpersonally detrimental, such as when negotiators who believe that their counterparts gain at their expense overlook opportunities for mutually beneficial deals. More broadly, people who adopt zero-sum beliefs often feel lonelier. Thus, zero-sum beliefs are associated with both the quality and the quantity of close personal relationships.
To fight these effects, we can remember to remain mindful that there are numerous opportunities for non-zero-sum interactions with others, such as finding opportunities to exchange surpluses or favors with others. Doing so provides the necessary ingredients for trust and mutual benefit to form, which are both necessary for any business or economy to function optimally, in good times and in bad.
32. Which is the core of zero-sum mindset?
A. Every coin has two sides.
B. The other’s gain is your loss.
C. Many hands make light work.
D. United we stand, divided we fall.
33. What does paragraph 2 try to stress concerning zero-sum thinking?
A. It is unique to humans.
B. It tends to be short-lived.
C. It helped ancestors survive.
D. It is hardwired into humans.
34. What does the underlined word “detrimental” in paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Dynamic.B. Complex.C. Harmful.D. Consistent.
35. Which of the following does the author probably agree with?
A. Trust is a two-way street.
B. A true win-win is attainable.
C. Opportunity knocks but once.
D. Economy undergoes thick and thin.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There may be times when you may feel that enveloping your message in a generous coat of “nice” will make communication with others better. 36Sugarcoating your words — whatever your reasons are — not only does not push meaningful relationships forward but may actually endanger otherwise healthy interactions. While, at best, sugarcoating can be an attempt at kindness, at worst, it could be viewed as a form of manipulation — trying to communicate in a way that controls the other person’s experience, instead of allowing them to have their own real reaction.
37“For many, this pattern began in childhood,” says psychologist Carolyn Hextall. “Love may have felt conditional, and an unconscious decision was made that being pleasing, agreeable, or undemanding was the safest route to acceptance and connection.” 38You might notice that you would rather validate others, stay quiet or soften your truth because you fear the consequence of voicing your own thoughts.
Opposed to sugarcoating, saltcoating goes in the opposite direction. 39But often, it crosses the line from being honest to being rude. People who use saltcoating often ignore others’ feelings, speaking their minds without any consideration, which easily leads to misunderstandings and conflicts.
To avoid these, Carolyn suggests stopping using global, absolute statements such as “you always” or “you never”. 40Instead, be specific in your feedback, and use “I” statements, which clearly communicate your experience without assigning any blame. For example, you might say: “When you said you’d meet me and then canceled, I felt upset and hurt.” This centers your emotional experience, and helps the other person understand the impact of their behavior.
A. Yet in fact, the opposite is preferred.
B. Often, sugarcoating is deeply rooted in people.
C. It can be presented as being straight and direct.
D. These tend to cause defensiveness very quickly.
E. But a nice wrapper does not necessarily make a gift better.
F. In adulthood, this early adaptation can continue to play out.
G. These two approaches are two extremes that are better off avoided.
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It’s a very strange time to be a writer. The flood of AI “art” shows a proportion of society is willing to 41writers more than ever before.
I sometimes 42 talk with my STEM major friends about how my major (creative writing) means I will live on the street after college. Certainly I don’t 43becoming a “starving writer” — I’m lucky to be financially blessed. That said, I do feel 44about what lies ahead. I love to write music criticism. But is this writing 45? Does my writing contribute value to society? Would its 46be felt were I to turn away from writing and focus on coding or engineering? I can’t ask my loved ones about these 47, because of course they will encourage me 48the reality of the situation.
These thoughts 49heavily on my mind until I recently read The Friend by Sigrid Nunez. The book powerfully explores friendship, but also 50the values of writing. As stated in the novel, they can’t 51with those of farmers or construction workers, which provide direct, tangible (有形的) aid to people. The potential values of writing are 52.
It’s human 53to create, whether tangible or intangible. Creativity is what has 54humans across our existence. It’s what drives an author to tell a story — something AI lacks. So I will keep 55, wherever it ends up taking me.
41. A. instructB. contactC. offendD. devalue
42. A. casuallyB. hesitantlyC. jokinglyD. embarrassedly
43. A. riskB. fearC. pictureD. mind
44. A. uncertainB. curiousC. enthusiasticD. particular
45. A. essentialB. possibleC. wrongD. temporary
46. A. meaningB. creationC. absenceD. charm
47. A. changesB. solutionsC. signsD. concerns
48. A. due toB. regardless ofC. apart fromD. but for
49. A. matteredB. conflictedC. weighedD. struck
50. A. dives intoB. calls forC. sets asideD. makes up
51. A. combineB. interactC. dealD. compare
52. A. unpredictableB. invisibleC. accessibleD. believable
53. A. attemptB. dreamC. natureD. pressure
54. A. liberatedB. challengedC. limitedD. defined
55. A. writingB. readingC. waitingD. trying
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tiangong Kaiwu, a Chinese space mining project named after a 17th century Ming Dynasty Encyclopedia, is focused on mining water ice from resources in space. Water ice is frozen H₂O 56(find) on moons, planets, comets, and asteroids. It is critical for space exploration. Once split into hydrogen and oxygen, it could transform the Moon 57a refueling station for deep-space missions, potentially reducing costs by up to 90 percent.
Actually, celestial (天体的) 58(body) in space offer valuable riches far beyond water ice: asteroids provide precious metals and carbon, the Moon helium-3 for clean energy and building materials, 59the Mars hundreds of minerals.
60(mine) these space resources, Chinese scientists have engineered a six-legged robot which can adapt to the extreme gravitational conditions. Three of its legs 61(fit) with wheels for smooth surfaces, the other three designed to be claw-like grippers (夹子) to ensure 62 (stable) across diverse landscapes. The unusual design solves a longstanding engineering challenge: the gravity on the Moon is 63(incredible) weak, so a drill’s force would push a robot away rather than let it dig in. The grippers can lock onto rock with 600 newtons of force to fix this problem. Moreover, the robot runs on power directly harvested from lunar water ice, literally 64(tap) local resources to sustain long-duration missions.
With the plan rolled out in phases, China is unveiling “space +” ambitions to explore 65whole solar system.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom对你校智能操场的“无感数据采集功能”很感兴趣，请你结合附图给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
（1）你的体验；
（2）你的感想。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tom,
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My Friday morning did not go as planned. On the agenda was cleaning Pawley the parrot’s cage. Pawley, a beautiful bright-blue Indian ringneck, has been a source of entertainment for years. His repeated words include “You’re a good boy!” “Hey, baby!” and “Kentucky Fried Parrot,” and he recently learned to meow. Oh, and he whistles (吹口哨) a number of tunes — his wolf-whistle is spot-on.
He usually shakes and drops feathers everywhere when he bathes, so an outdoor shower is always best. I rolled his cage outside. As usual, I opened the cage door, assuming he would hang upside down and just watch me, like always. He’d never flown away before. This time, he did — flying over the treetops.
Panicked, I whistled his favorite tunes, hoping he’d answer me and lead me to him. No such luck. I headed down the street, wolf-whistling and yelling, “Hey, baby! You’re a good boy!” I quickly realized this might sound a bit odd to my neighbors. I searched nearby yards, peeking over fences and calling his name, but there was no sign of him. Now terrified for Pawley, I felt my heart race. Fear took over. I imagined Pawley starving, falling from a tall tree, or being eaten by a hungry squirrel — each image worse than the last. How could I have been so careless?
Having no other choice, I decided to turn to the Internet. I immediately returned home, fired up my computer, and posted on social media: “Please be on the lookout for our bright blue parrot.” I attached photos and a list of his words, expecting good news.
Just as I was sitting on pins and needles, my phone rang. It was my neighbor Joy. “Hey, Sue! I saw a big blue bird fly across our backyard and land in a tree. I saw your post — could this be your bird?” A bit of relief came over me. I grabbed a banana — Pawley’s favorite — and rushed to Joy’s backyard.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
With hope, I entered Joy’s backyard.
After thanking Joy, I headed home with Pawley in my hands.
山东省济宁市2026届高三4月高考模拟考试（二模）
英语试题答案
听力
1-5 AABCB6-10 CBABC11-15 CAABA16-20 CACBC
阅读理解
21-23 CCD 24-27 CABD28-31ADBB32-35 BDCB
七选五阅读
36-40 EBFCD
完形填空
41-45 DCBAA46-50 CDBCA51-55 DBCDA
语法填空
56. found57. into58. bodies59. and60. To mine
61. are fitted62. stability63. incredibly64. tapping65. the
应用文写作（官方范文）
Dear Tom,
I’m absolutely overjoyed to share my incredible experience on our school’s smart playground with you! This smart playground boasts cutting-edge technology, enabling real-time, automatic sports data collection.
To see how it works in practice, let me share what happened yesterday. I finished a 5-kilometer run, during which the system captured every detail of my sports data accurately, including my running time (50:08 minutes), average speed (5.96 km/h), total steps (8,679), and calories burned (441 kcal). It even provided a professional suggestion to improve my exercise intensity appropriately.
I’m utterly fascinated by its intelligence and convenience! It makes workouts far more systematic and enjoyable, and I’m dying to hear your thoughts on this amazing technology!
Yours,
Li Hua
读后续写（官方范文）
With hope, I entered Joy’s backyard. I let out a wolf-whistle, and to my delight, a familiar wolf-whistle echoed from above. There he was, high in a tall tree, his bright blue feathers glowing in the sunshine. I waved the banana in the air, meowing, and repeating, “Hey baby, I have a banana for you!” He turned his head away, ignoring both me and his favorite treat. Refusing to give up, I held the banana closer and called softly again. Finally, he spread his wings, fluttered down little by little and landed safely on my outstretched finger.
After thanking Joy, I headed home with Pawley in my hands. His tiny claws clung softly to my palm and as if sensing my regret, he let out a soft chirp — no wolf-whistle, no silly meow, just a quiet comfort. I walked slowly, eyes locked on his blue feathers, feeling his warm body and tiny heartbeat against my palms. Upon reaching my yard, I opened his cage gently, and he hopped in willingly, then chirped, “You’re a good boy!” I got stunned for a second, then chuckled, “You are a good boy, too.” Relief and resolve wrapped around me — a silent promise to never be so careless again.
点击在看，开开心心卷起来
