Hi,大家好！今天继续分享一个初中英语中考中非常重要的一个语法点—定语从句，希望能够帮到大家。
一、概念
在复合句中，修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句，叫作定语从句。
通俗一点来讲，就是用一个句子来修饰前面的名词/代词，
相当于给名词当定语，翻译成“……的”。
二、搞懂3个名称
1. 先行词：被修饰的名词/代词（人或物）
2. 关系词：连接先行词和从句的词
3. 定语从句：跟在先行词后面，翻译成“……的”
三、中考必考关系词
1. 指人
- who：主语/宾语
- whom：只作宾语（中考很少考）
- that：万能，人/物都能用
2. 指物
- which
- that：万能
四、中考最核心规则（必背）
1. 只用 that，不能用 which / who 的 4 种情况
①. 先行词是指物的不定代词
all, much, little, every, no, none, few , everything, anything, nothing，something…
例句:Is there anything that you need?
例句:There is nothing that I can do.
②. 先行词被序数词修饰
first, second, next, last…
③. 先行词被最高级修饰
best, most, biggest…
④. 先行词既有人又有物
例句:I will never forget the people and places that I have known.
我永远不会忘记我认识的人和地方。
人+物，只用 that
口诀：不定、序数、最高级，人+物，只用that
2. 只用 which / who，不能用 that 的情况
①.介词提前、逗号非限定指物 → 只用 which，不用that
例句:This is the room in which I live.
例句：He has a new bike, which costs 500 yuan.
②. 逗号非限定指人、those指人、anyone这类指人 → 只用 who，不用that
例句:My teacher, who is 30, is very kind.
五、中考最常考结构
1. 人 + who / that + 从句
The boy who is standing is Tom.
2. 物 + which / that + 从句
The book that I bought is good.
3. 介词 + which / whom
This is the person to whom I talked.
六、做题万能三步法
1. 找先行词：看是人还是物
2. 看从句缺什么- 缺主语/宾语 → 用 who / which / that
- 介词提前 → 用 which / whom
3. 看有没有that禁区- 最高级、序数词、不定代词 → 必选 that
七、中考高频易错点
1. 从句必须完整，不能重复主语/宾语
✅ The girl who is beautiful…
❌ The girl who she is beautiful…
2. that 不能放在介词后
✅ with which
❌ with that
3. 关系词作宾语时可省略（完形常考）
The man (whom) you met is my uncle.
真题题目
1. —Do you know the boy ______ is playing basketball over there?
A. which B. who C. whom D. whose
2. This is the book ______ I bought yesterday.
A. that B. what C. when D. where
3. I like movies ______ have happy endings.
A. who B. whose C. that D. what
4. The girl ______ we met at the party is my classmate.
A. which B. / C. what D. when
5. We will never forget the days ______ we spent together.
A. that B. when C. where D. why
6. Anyone ______ breaks the rules must be punished.
A. which B. who C. whom D. whose
7. This is the best movie ______ I have ever seen.
A. which B. that C. what D. when
8. The house ______ windows face south is very old.
A. which B. that C. whose D. where
9. Is there anything ______ you want to buy in the shop?
A. which B. that C. what D. who
10. The man ______ my father is talking to is my teacher.
A. which B. who C. what D. when
参考答案+详细解析
1. 答案：B
解析：先行词 the boy 指人，关系代词在从句中作主语，用 who；which 指物，whom 只能作宾语，whose 表所属关系。
2. 答案：A
解析：先行词 the book 指物，关系代词在从句中作宾语，可用 that/which；what 不能引导定语从句。
3. 答案：C
解析：先行词 movies 指物，从句缺少主语，用 that/which；who 指人，whose 表“……的”。
4. 答案：B
解析：先行词指人，关系代词在从句中作宾语，可用 who/whom/that，作宾语时关系代词可以省略。
5. 答案：A
解析：先行词 the days，从句动词 spent 后缺宾语，用 that/which；when 只能作时间状语，不能作宾语。
6. 答案：B
解析：先行词 anyone 是指人的不定代词，从句缺主语，只能用 who/that。
7. 答案：B
解析：先行词被最高级 the best 修饰，定语从句关系代词只能用 that，不能用 which。
8. 答案：C
解析：whose 表示“……的”，在从句中作定语，修饰 windows，指“房子的窗户”。
9. 答案：B
解析：先行词是 anything 不定代词，定语从句只能用 that 引导，不用 which。
10. 答案：B
解析：先行词 the man 指人，关系代词作介词 to 的宾语，可用 who/whom/that，选项选 who。
今天的内容就分享到这里啦～
觉得有用记得点赞、收藏、关注，方便随时翻看复习。
也欢迎大家在评论区留言交流，一起陪伴孩子轻松学英语。
