仔细研究了宝山今年26年的二模D篇之后，我发现可以写三篇软文。接着上一篇，我们来看看中考必考的一种类型：词义推测题。
词义推测题是中考阅读A篇必考的题目，一般有几种考法。
考法1：给你一个超纲词汇，在写出在原文的含义。 如下题：
1. On the train to Berlin, Emil met a man called Grundeis. He was so hospitablethat he offered Emil some chocolate. Emil fell asleep after eating it. When he woke up, Grundeis was gone, and so was the money! Emil got off immediately at an unfamiliar station, looking for Grundeis.（18崇明二模）
() 71.The underlined word “hospitable” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to .
A) strictB) confidentC) generousD) serious
此题答案是：C
考法2： 给你一个大家都认识的词汇，让你找出其指代的内容，如下题：
I still treasure (珍惜) Pepper’s final Christmas gift. She taught me that no matter where we each spend the holidays, the smallest act of sincere giving can unite our family through our love. For me, that knowledge is the longest-lasting gift of all.（金山二模18）
72. The underlined phrase "the longest-lasting gift" in the last paragraph refers to "_________".
A. the friendship with the dog
B. the holiday the author spent with family
C. the Christmas present for the dog
D. the life lesson the author learned from Pepper
此题答案是：A
考法3：给你一个代词，如them，it等，让你找出其指代的内容，如下题：
I’m sending this email from a computer in a youth hostel, I’m on a hiking trip with my brother. We’re walking along Hadrian’s Wall. It crosses England from one side to the other. The Romans built it about 1,900 years ago. This was the edge of the Roman Empire (帝国) then.Archaeologists (考古学家) say the Romans probably built the wall to keep out the people who lived north of here.（17年金山二模）
70. The underlined word “here ” in Paragraph 1 refers to .
A. RomeB. Hadrian’s Wall C. England D. the campsites
此题答案是B
但是，这两年，这类题目也会出现在D篇短答题中，如这次宝山二模的82题：
82题： What are the brick walls in the life of Jill’s father？
这题一看就是词义推测题，这类题目的做题方式，可以总结为FBA。 首先Find找到这个词在原文的位置，然后Browse浏览上下文，最后Acquire获得这个词或者词组的含义。
以此题为例，第一步：F，先find到brick wall在原文的位置，在倒数第二段。
第二步：B，再browse浏览第二段，可以发现这里Jill‘s father是个有着powerful faith的人，也就是在极度困难的情况下，却有着很大信心的人。
第三步：A，acquire提取在原文中的含义。根据第二段的内容，可以推测，这里的brick wall原意应该是砖墙，而这里是指代生活中极大的困难，就是difficulties in life。
短答题还有一个坑，就是问题也要读懂。
比如此题，问题是what are…那么不能仅仅泛泛而谈brick walls指代是生活中的困难，还要说出具体那些困难。如果这道题是这样问：What does the words brick wall refer to according to passage？那你可以简单回答：It refers to the difficulties in life。所以，短答题不仅仅要看懂文章，还要看懂问题。两个有一个出了差错，都会导致答案有误。
参考答案：Brick walls mean the difficulties and hard times in Jill’s father‘s life，such as losing his father，living a poor life and having a difficult step-father.
使用FBA法来做这类词义推测题，可以更好地回到原文来体会所考词汇的言外之意，只要不偏离原文，就算不认识该词汇也可以得出相对正确的理解。
不过话说回来，如果词汇量扩展到认识brick一词，那么这题的难度明显下降一个梯队。所以在中考前如果能够掌握一部分超纲词汇，一定对于这场考试得高分有推动作用。简单说，要考到140以上的同学，需要词汇量扩展到中考考纲之外才行。
