前言
英语学习中，动词是绝对的"主角"。为什么这么说？因为中考英语试卷里，超过一半的考点都与动词相关——时态、语态、非谓语动词、主谓一致……哪一项不是围绕动词转？
可偏偏这块"硬骨头"难住了不少同学：背过的单词转头就忘，过去式、过去分词总是分不清；写作文翻来覆去就那几个 "do、make、go"，句型单调得连自己都想打哈欠；语法题稍加变形立马懵圈，本该收入囊中的分数就这么悄悄溜走了。
别慌！今天这份400个中考必考动词清单，按类别整理，格式统一，每个词都配经典例句。把这块短板补齐，中考英语自然胸有成竹。
01 系动词：感官与状态表达的核心
系动词不表示具体动作，而是连接主语与表语，说明主语的状态、特征或变化。初中阶段主要考查两类：感官动词（看、听、闻、尝、感觉）和状态变化动词（变得、变成、保持、仍然）。
- look 看起来 | You look very happy today. 你今天看起来很开心。
- sound 听起来 | Your plan sounds great. 你的计划听起来很棒。
- smell 闻起来 | The cake smells nice. 这个蛋糕闻起来很香。
- taste 尝起来 | The soup tastes salty. 这汤尝起来有点咸。
- feel 感觉；摸起来 | The cloth feels soft. 这块布摸起来很柔软。
- seem 似乎；好像 | It seems to rain. 好像要下雨了。
- become 变得；成为 | He became a famous writer. 他成为了一名著名作家。
- get 变得；得到 | The weather gets warmer in spring. 春天天气变暖和了。
- turn 变成；转变 | Water can turn into ice in cold weather. 水天冷会结成冰。
- keep 保持；一直 | Please keep silent in the library. 在图书馆请保持安静。
- stay 停留；保持 | I stay at home on weekends. 我周末待在家里。
- remain 仍然；保持 | He remained quiet all the time. 他一直保持沉默。
- appear 显得；出现 | A rainbow appeared after the rain. 雨后出现了彩虹。
02 不规则动词：中考最高频必考点
这是整份清单的重头戏！不规则动词的三态变化（过去式、过去分词）没有统一规律，只能靠日常积累和反复记忆。
建议配合例句一起背诵，在语境中理解记忆效果最佳。
第1部分：
- be 是 | She is good at playing the piano.
- begin 开始 | Our class began at eight.
- break 打破 | The little boy broke the window.
- bring 带来 | Please bring your notebook tomorrow.
- build 建造 | Workers built a new bridge here.
- buy 购买 | I bought a new dictionary yesterday.
- catch 抓住；染上 | I caught a bad cold last week.
- choose 选择 | I chose this book as my gift.
- come 来 | My uncle came back last month.
- cost 花费（物做主） | The bike cost me 300 yuan.
- cut 切；裁剪 | She cut the meat into small pieces.
- do 做 | I do my homework carefully every day.
- draw 画画；拉 | He drew a beautiful horse just now.
- drink 喝 | We drank some juice at the party.
- drive 驾驶 | My dad drives me to school every morning.
- eat 吃 | We ate dumplings on New Year's Eve.
- fall 落下；摔倒 | The leaves fall down in autumn.
- feed 喂养 | I feed my pet cat every day.
- fight 打架；奋斗 | We should fight against bad habits.
- find 找到；发现 | I found my lost wallet at last.
- fly 飞；放飞 | We flew kites in the park last Sunday.
- forget 忘记 | Never forget your dreams.
- forgive 原谅 | Please forgive my mistake.
- freeze 结冰；冻结 | The river froze in winter.
- give 给予；赠送 | He gave me a meaningful present.
第2部分：
- go 去；走 | They went on a trip last summer.
- grow 生长；种植 | Flowers grow fast in spring.
- hang 悬挂 | She hung her coat on the wall.
- have 拥有；吃喝 | I have milk and bread for breakfast.
- hear 听见 | I heard someone singing outside.
- hide 躲藏 | The kid hid behind the door.
- hit 击打；碰撞 | The ball hit the ground heavily.
- hold 握住；举办 | We will hold a school sports meeting.
- hurt 伤害；疼痛 | I hurt my knee when I ran.
- know 知道；认识 | I have known him for many years.
- learn 学习 | We should learn from others.
- leave 离开；落下 | She left her keys on the desk.
- lend 借出 | Could you lend me your pen?
- let 让 | Let's work together from now on.
- lie 躺；位于 | He lay on the sofa and rested.
- lose 丢失；输掉 | Don't lose confidence easily.
- make 制作；使 | Hard work makes you successful.
- mean 意思是 | What does this word mean?
- meet 遇见；会面 | I met my primary friend in the street.
- pay 支付 | I paid the bill by mobile phone.
- put 放置 | Put your schoolbag beside the chair.
- read 阅读 | I read English articles every morning.
- ride 骑（车/马） | He rode his bike to the library.
- ring 响铃；打电话 | The bell rang just now.
第2部分：
- go 去；走 | They went on a trip last summer.
- grow 生长；种植 | Flowers grow fast in spring.
- hang 悬挂 | She hung her coat on the wall.
- have 拥有；吃喝 | I have milk and bread for breakfast.
- hear 听见 | I heard someone singing outside.
- hide 躲藏 | The kid hid behind the door.
- hit 击打；碰撞 | The ball hit the ground heavily.
- hold 握住；举办 | We will hold a school sports meeting.
- hurt 伤害；疼痛 | I hurt my knee when I ran.
- know 知道；认识 | I have known him for many years.
- learn 学习 | We should learn from others.
- leave 离开；落下 | She left her keys on the desk.
- lend 借出 | Could you lend me your pen?
- let 让 | Let's work together from now on.
- lie 躺；位于 | He lay on the sofa and rested.
- lose 丢失；输掉 | Don't lose confidence easily.
- make 制作；使 | Hard work makes you successful.
- mean 意思是 | What does this word mean?
- meet 遇见；会面 | I met my primary friend in the street.
- pay 支付 | I paid the bill by mobile phone.
- put 放置 | Put your schoolbag beside the chair.
- read 阅读 | I read English articles every morning.
- ride 骑（车/马） | He rode his bike to the library.
- ring 响铃；打电话 | The bell rang just now.
第3部分：
- rise 上升；升起 | The sun rises in the east.
- run 跑；奔跑 | Many students run on the playground.
- say 说（侧重内容） | He said he would come soon.
- see 看见 | I saw a cute cat under the tree.
- sell 售卖 | This shop sells all kinds of snacks.
- send 发送；派遣 | She sent a message to her mother.
- set 放置；设置 | He set a good example for us.
- shake 摇晃 | People usually shake hands when they meet.
- shine 闪耀；照耀 | The moon shines brightly at night.
- sing 唱歌 | She sang a song at the party.
- sink 下沉 | The ship sank in the big storm.
- sit 坐 | Please sit down and listen carefully.
- sleep 睡觉 | I sleep for seven hours every night.
- speak 说（语言） | She can speak three foreign languages.
- spend 花费（时间/金钱） | I spend much time on English.
- stand 站立；忍受 | We should stand in line politely.
- steal 偷 | Someone stole his mobile phone.
- swim 游泳 | We swam in the pool last summer.
- take 拿走；花费；乘坐 | It takes me 15 minutes to walk to school.
- teach 教 | Our English teacher is very patient.
- tell 告诉；讲述 | My grandma often tells me stories.
- think 思考；认为 | I think teamwork is very important.
- wake 醒来；叫醒 | I wake up at six every morning.
- write 书写；写作 | He wrote a diary every day when he was young.
03 交流表达类动词：人际沟通的桥梁
这类动词涵盖日常交际中"说、听、问、答、沟通"的各个方面。无论是口语还是书面表达，这些词汇都是构建流畅沟通的基础。
- talk 谈论 | We often talk about our dreams. 我们经常谈论梦想。
- ask 询问；请求 | You can ask the teacher for help. 你可以向老师求助。
- answer 回答 | Who can answer this difficult question? 谁能回答这道难题？
- reply 回复 | He replied to my email at once. 他立刻回复了我的邮件。
- repeat 重复 | Please repeat the sentence again. 请把这个句子再重复一遍。
- shout 大喊；呼喊 | Don't shout in public places. 不要在公共场所大喊。
- warn 警告 | Teachers always warn us to stay away from danger. 老师常警告我们远离危险。
- advise 建议 | I advise you to keep exercising. 我建议你坚持锻炼。
- suggest 提议；建议 | He suggests having a meeting tonight. 他建议今晚开个会。
- promise 承诺 | I promise to be honest forever. 我承诺永远诚实。
- invite 邀请 | I will invite my friends to my birthday party. 我会邀请朋友来我的生日派对。
- refuse 拒绝 | She refused his unreasonable request. 她拒绝了他不合理的要求。
- agree 同意 | All of us agree with your idea. 我们所有人都同意你的想法。
- disagree 不同意 | Some people disagreed with the plan. 有些人不同意这个计划。
- introduce 介绍 | Let me introduce my best friend to you. 让我给你介绍我最好的朋友。
- explain 解释；讲解 | The teacher explained the key points clearly. 老师把知识点讲解得很清楚。
- discuss 讨论 | We discussed the problem in groups. 我们分组讨论了这个问题。
04 学习思考类动词：知识获取与思维运转
从记忆理解到计划创造，这类动词记录了我们大脑运转的整个过程。掌握它们，不仅能提升英语表达能力，更能帮助我们理清学习思路。
- study 学习；研究 | We should study hard for our future. 我们要为未来努力学习。
- learn 学会；得知 | It's never too late to learn. 活到老，学到老。
- read 阅读 | Reading books can open our eyes. 读书能开阔眼界。
- spell 拼写 | Can you spell this English word? 你会拼写这个英语单词吗？
- copy 抄写；复制 | Please copy the new words ten times. 请把新单词抄写十遍。
- recite 背诵 | We need to recite the text after class. 我们课后需要背诵课文。
- remember 记得 | Remember to lock the door before you leave. 离开前记得锁门。
- forget 忘记 | Don't forget your school things. 不要忘记你的学习用品。
- know 知道；了解 | Do you know how to solve it? 你知道怎么解决吗？
- understand 理解；明白 | I finally understood the meaning. 我终于理解了这个含义。
- realize 意识到 | I realized my own mistakes at last. 我终于意识到了自己的错误。
- think 思考；认为 | Think twice before you do things. 做事之前要三思。
- consider 考虑 | Please consider my advice carefully. 请认真考虑我的建议。
- decide 决定 | We decided to take part in the activity. 我们决定参加这次活动。
- plan 计划 | I plan to travel during the holiday. 我计划假期去旅游。
- guess 猜测 | Can you guess what is in the box? 你能猜到盒子里是什么吗？
学习建议
- 每天背诵10个动词及其例句，配合默写自测
- 周末复习本周内容，强化记忆曲线
- 用这些动词造句，将被动词汇转化为主动输出
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写在最后：
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