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南阳市2026年高三年级二模考试
英语
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第I卷（选择题，满分 95 分）和第II卷（非选择题，满分 55 分）两部分。共 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟。答题前，考生务必将本人的姓名、准考证号等考生信息填写在答题卡上，并将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2．选择题答案使用 2B 铅笔填涂，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号；非选择题答案使用 0.5 毫米的黑色墨水签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上（答题注意事项见答题卡），在本试题卷上答题无效。
3．请按照题号在各题的答题区域（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。
4．保持卡面清洁，不折叠，不破损。
5．考试结束，请将答题卡交回。
第I卷（选择题，共 95 分）
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman want to know about the laptop?
A. The price.B. The battery life.C. The service period.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m interested in this laptop. Could you tell me how long the battery stays charged?
M: It can last up to 10 hours if you mainly use it for writing documents or doing word processing.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What seems to be the man’s problem?
A. He failed in the exam.
B. He has a sleeping disorder.
C. He has got a bad headache.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I have a terrible headache that won’t go away.
W: Did you sleep well last night?
M: No, I stayed up preparing for an exam until 2 o’clock in the morning.
W: I’m afraid this was the cause.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
How long does the man plan to keep the book?
A. Two weeks.B. Four weeks.C. Six weeks.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: How long can I keep this history book from the library?
W: Four weeks, but you can renew it online for two more weeks.
M: Perfect, I need that long to finish my school project.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What is the man doing?
A. Giving suggestions.
B. Making his career plan.
C. Introducing job positions.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m really hesitant between pursuing law and architecture as my career.
M: Why not do some part-time jobs during the summer vacation in a law firm or a construction company? In that way, you can decide which job suits you better.
W: That’s a great idea. I’ll do that.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Tips on choosing suitable toys.
B. The ban on selling carrot knife toys.
C. The most popular toys in recent times.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Have you heard the news? The school and local stores are banning the sale of “carrot knife” toys.
W: Why? They look fun. They are so popular among us.
M: Yeah. They’re likely to hurt people, although they are just made of plastic.
第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. Why does the woman talk to the man?
A. To adopt a pet.
B. To find a part-time job.
C. To engage in volunteer work.
7. What is the woman?
A. A student.
B. A pet shop owner.
C. A tour guide.
【答案】6. C7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Excuse me! I’d like to volunteer here. What would I do as a volunteer?
M: Great! There are several options. You can help feed the animals, clean their cages, and assist customers with basic pet care questions. What are you most interested in?
W: I prefer to help people know about pets.
M: Good. When do you usually have time?
W: Weekends are my only free time to do something meaningful outside of school. Are there specific time periods for volunteers then?
M: Sure. We need help from 9:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. on Saturdays and Sundays.
W: OK. That works perfectly. My classes end early on Fridays, so I’ll have plenty of energy by then.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Which grade is Jim in now?
A. Grade 2.B. Grade 4.C. Grade 5.
9. What can a child get if he finishes 20 books?
A. A book.B. A pen.C. A certificate.
10. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student.B. Husband and wife.C. Brother and sister.
【答案】8. B9. A10. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Honey, I heard Fort Bend County Libraries have a “Summer Reading Challenge” for kids. Our daughter might love it.
W: Really? What age group is it for?
M: Grade 1 to Grade 5. Mary is in Grade 2 now and Jim is two grades above her. So they’re both qualified.
W: Good. How do they encourage the kids to read?
M: They can earn rewards by reading books. Things like a bookmark for reading 5 books, a certificate for 10.
W: That sounds great! What if they read more than that?
M: By reading 15 books, one can get a pen; for five more books, one can get a new book. Plus, their names go on a crayon cut-out at the library.
W: Let’s sign them up then! They’ll be excited.
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. How did Linda react to the agent’s words?
A. Angrily.B. Absent-mindedly.C. Favorably.
12. Why did Linda’s car stop?
A. It ran out of gas.
B. Its engine was broken.
C. It crashed into something.
13. How did that Jordanian communicate with Linda?
A. By using translation apps.
B. By drawing a picture.
C. By body language.
14. What does the man think of the story?
A. Amusing.B. Touching.C. Frightening.
【答案】11. B12. A13. C14. B
【解析】
【原文】M: Linda! I heard you’ve just got back from Jordan. Any interesting stories?
W: Oh, definitely! It was quite an adventure. I arrived in Jordan late at night, rented a car, but didn’t really listen when the agent mentioned the gas station.
M: That sounds a bit risky. What happened next?
W: The next day, I started a 16-day road trip. When I was driving towards the desert castles in the east, I realized my rental car didn’t have a fuel meter. I thought it had enough gas, but then my car couldn’t move in the middle of the desert.
M: No way! What did you do?
W: I was so worried! But a kind Jordanian stopped 10 minutes later. He didn’t speak English, but he used gestures to tell me my car was out of gas. Then he drove me to the nearest gas station and helped me pay for the gas.
M: That’s amazing! Did you try to pay him back?
W: Yes, but he refused. He just wanted a photo with me and a smile.
M: What a heartwarming story!
听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
15. Where does the conversation take place?
A. At a studio.
B. At a meeting room.
C. In a marine research lab.
16. What is the purpose of the government’s new planning?
A. To create job opportunities.
B. To improve the environment.
C. To drive local economic growth.
17. What does the man consider important?
A. Prosperous tourism.B. Sustainable development.C. Untouched marine ecosystems.
【答案】15. A16. C17. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello, listeners! Welcome back to our environmental talk show. I’m your old friend Daisy Smith. Today, we’re joined by Dr. Green, an expert on marine ecosystems. Thanks so much for being here, Dr. Green. Could you start off by telling us about Ras Hankorab in Egypt?
M: Thanks for having me, Daisy. Ras Hankorab is a beautiful beach in southern Egypt, inside a national park. It’s known for its clear water, white sand, and rich wildlife, like sea turtles and special coral reefs.
W: Sounds amazing! But I’ve heard there’s some debate around it lately. What’s going on?
M: Right. The government plans to build tourist facilities there, like huts, a restaurant, and a farm, to develop the local economy. But conservationists argue that it’s one of Egypt’s last untouched marine ecosystems. Building these might damage nature.
W: I see. What do local people think about this?
M: They’re against it too. A lot of them feel ignored in the decision-making process.
W: So, what’s your opinion?
M: We need to carry out scientific planning and adopt sustainable development models. This can help achieve a win-win situation for both sides.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. When will the event take place on May 3rd?
A. At noon.B. In the afternoon.C. In the evening.
19. Which of the following is the feature of the event?
A. It is suitable for people with special needs.
B. It requires participants to pay a fee in advance.
C. It focuses on art exhibitions in the Europe galleries.
20. What is the speaker trying to do?
A. Describe the work of Step Change Studios.
B. Present the Ford Education Center.
C. Promote an event at the museum.
【答案】18. C19. A20. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Dear visitors, I’m excited to tell you about a special event at our museum. After the museum closes to the public on May 3rd, selected areas including Rooms 33, 33a, 67, 92-95 and the Ford Education Center will stay open for two hours after 6:00 pm. You’ll have the chance to explore the amazing Asia galleries while joining Bollywood dance workshops and watching performances by award-winning Step Change Studios. There’ll be a wonderful Bollywood dance show by students in Room 33, and fun workshops for the whole family in the Great Court. This event is perfect for families with kids, as well as adults who are learning disabled, or have mental health conditions. Please note the event is suitable for children aged 5-15, and all children must be accompanied by an adult. Remember, it’s free, but advance booking is required. Please meet at the main entrance on Great Russell Street. We look forward to seeing you there.
第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
National Science Bowl®: A Gateway to STEM Excellence
Created in 1991, the National Science Bowl® (NSB) has grown into one of the nation’s largest science competitions. Designed to challenge middle and high school students across a range of science disciplines, it aims to inspire young minds to pursue careers in science. With over 350,000 participants taking part over its 35-year history, the competition continues to attract thousands of students each year.
What sets the NSB apart is its fast-paced question-and-answer format, testing not only knowledge but also quick thinking under pressure. Each year, students compete in regional tournaments held across the country, with winners advancing to the national finals in Washington, D.C.
The 37th Regional Tournament took place on March 6-7, 2026, with 13 teams competing for the sole spot in the national finals. Following the preliminary and final rounds, the champion team earned an all-expenses-paid trip to Washington, D.C. to join the 2026 National Science Bowl Finals.
The table below outlines key details for the 2026 National Finals:
Category | 2026 Details |
National Finals Dates | April 30 – May 4 |
National Finals Location | Washington, D.C. |
Team Composition | 4 students + 1 alternate + 1 teacher coach |
Regional Tournaments | 65 high schools + 50 middle schools nationwide |
Subjects | biology, chemistry, earth science, physics, energy, mathematics |
National Top 16 Prize | cash prizes for schools’ science departments |
21. Who might take part in the competition?
A. An adult devoted to chemistry.B. A teenager brilliant at science.
C. A kid interested in technology.D. A graduate expert at economics.
22. What makes NSB special?
A. Fast question-answer under pressure.B. The generous prize for winning teams.
C. Participation by up to 15,000 students.D. The test of diverse knowledge and skills.
23. What prize will the top 16 teams get?
A. Chance to pursue careers in science.B. Scholarship for every team member.
C. Money for school science departments.D. A self-funded trip to Washington,D.C.
【答案】21. B22. A23. C
【解析】
【导语】主要说明了美国国家科学碗创办于 1991 年，面向中学生，以快节奏答题为特色，经地区赛晋级全国总决赛，2026 年总决赛在华盛顿举办，优胜队伍可获理科部门资金奖励。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Designed to challenge middle and high school students across a range of science disciplines, it aims to inspire young minds to pursue careers in science.(该活动旨在针对中学生和高中生展开，涵盖多个科学领域，旨在激发年轻一代对科学事业的追求)”可知，一位在科学方面极具天赋的青少年可能会参加这次比赛。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“What sets the NSB apart is its fast-paced question-and-answer format, testing not only knowledge but also quick thinking under pressure.(NSB的独特之处在于其紧凑快速的问答形式，这种形式不仅考查知识，还考验在压力下迅速做出反应的能力)”可知，NSB的独特之处在于要在高压环境下的快速问答。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中“National Top 16 Prizecash prizes for schools’ science departments(全国十六强奖为学校科学部门提供的现金奖励)”可知，前16支队伍将获得用于学校科学部门的资金。
B
Jacques Richter, a teacher at Northwood School, was chatting with a parent when the mom mentioned three old bikes sitting disused and that her kids had outgrown them. It all started with that throwaway line. Richter felt a sudden idea. “What if we fix them up and pass them on?”
It was 2024, Northwood’s 75th anniversary, and Richter wanted to do something meaningful. When he brought the idea to his cycling team, it landed in fertile ground. All team members loved the proposal and ran with it. “Let’s go for 75,” one student suggested. “One for each year.” And so the “75 Bikes” project was born.
Word spread. Old bikes started showing up, loose frames, missing wheels and flat tires. The students didn’t see junk. They saw challenges. Every Tuesday and Thursday afternoon, the workshop was full of life. Tools made noise. They made mistakes and bikes had to be taken apart more than once. They were not professional mechanics. But efforts paid off. Bit by bit, the pile of broken bikes thinned out, and the row of shiny, rideable bikes grew.
Then they knew Keletso, a young man working at a local supermarket. His only way there was an old bike without brakes (刹车). The students picked out their best repair, a solid blue bike with smooth gears and strong brakes. When they handed it over, Keletso’s face broke into a wide smile. At that moment, the students understood something no classroom could teach. A bike isn’t just a bike. For someone like Keletso, it’s freedom.
By year’s end, they had donated over 25 bikes, still short of 75, but they weren’t stopping. “We set out to give away bicycles,” Richter said. “What we got back was so much more.”
24. What inspired the initial idea of “75 Bikes” project?
A. A casual chat.B. A team discussion.
C. A careful plan.D. A student’s dream.
25. What does the underlined phrase “landed in fertile ground” in paragraph 2 probably mean?
A. Got quickly forgotten.B. Received strong support.
C. Caused a heated debate.D. Needed repeated checking.
26. What can be inferred from the students’ bike repair process?
A. Efforts bridge the skill gap.B. Students are born mechanics.
C. Repairing is beyond students.D. Professional guidance matters.
27. What does the story show?
A. Opportunity knocks but once.
B. Well begun is half done.
C. Giving is better than receiving.
D. It’s never too late to learn.
【答案】24. A25. B26. A27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲的是北伍德学校教师Jacques Richter受家长提及的三辆闲置旧自行车启发，在学校75周年校庆之际，与自行车队学生共同发起“75辆自行车”项目。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Jacques Richter, a teacher at Northwood School, was chatting with a parent when the mom mentioned three old bikes sitting disused and that her kids had outgrown them. It all started with that throwaway line. Richter felt a sudden idea. “What if we fix them up and pass them on?”(北伍德学校的教师Jacques Richter正与一位家长交谈时，那位母亲提到家里有三辆闲置的旧自行车——孩子们已经长大，用不上了。正是这句无心之言，点燃了Richter的灵感。“我们何不把它们修好，转赠给需要的人呢？”)”可知，“75 辆自行车”项目的最初构想是受到一次随意的交谈启发的。
【25题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“All team members loved the proposal and ran with it. “Let’s go for 75,” one student suggested. “One for each year.” And so the “75 Bikes” project was born.(所有队员都喜爱这个提议，并立即行动起来。“咱们就定75辆吧，”一名学生提议道，“每年一辆。”于是，“75辆自行车”项目诞生了。)”可知，当他提出这个想法的时候得到了很多人的支持，landed in fertile ground的意思是“得到强烈的支持”，和Received strong support意思相近。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“They were not professional mechanics. But efforts paid off. Bit by bit, the pile of broken bikes thinned out, and the row of shiny, rideable bikes grew.(他们并非专业机械师，但他们的努力有了回报。渐渐地，那堆破旧自行车的数量减少了，而一排闪亮、可骑行的自行车则越来越多。)”可知，从学生们进行自行车修理的过程当中，可以推断出努力缩小了技能差距。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“By year’s end, they had donated over 25 bikes, still short of 75, but they weren’t stopping. “We set out to give away bicycles,” Richter said. “What we got back was so much more.”(到年底时，他们已经捐赠了25多辆自行车，离75辆的目标还有差距，但他们并未就此止步。“我们原本只是打算赠送自行车，”Richter说，“但我们得到的回报却远不止于此。”)”可知，他们在捐赠自行车的过程中收获的更多，因此这个故事说明了给予比接受更好。
C
In a village in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (刚果金), Marie Mbenza always goes to her field at daybreak, tending her half-acre plot. But getting her harvest to market is as unpredictable as the weather. Sometimes her tomatoes go bad before they reach town, a daily reality for small-scale farmers. The global food systems are more fragile (脆弱的) than many realize.
Marie is one of the farmers living through a quiet food crisis. A major report, the Resilient Food Systems Index (粮食系统韧性指数) from Economist Impact, first published in March 2026, puts numbers to her struggle. The index ranks 60 countries on how well they can handle shocks: extreme weather, sudden price increases and supply chain breakdowns. The findings reveal a deeply divided world. Marie’s country comes last, scoring 34.86 out of 100, while Portugal ranks first. There is about a 42-point gap between the weakest food system and the strongest. Nearly half of all countries fall into a “middle zone”. Not collapsing, but far from secure.
For millions like Marie, what ends up on the dinner plate depends on forces far beyond their control. One of the biggest problems in the food system is infrastructure (基础设施). The global score for transportation and delivery systems was just 56.8. This matters because when roads are bad and storage is poor, food gets lost. Worldwide, 13.2% of food never reaches store shelves. Climate risks make things worse. The ability to respond to climate shocks scored just 56.4. While research into climate-friendly farming scored relatively well, the ability to actually help farmers put that research into practice averaged only 34. Food prices have risen fastest in low-income countries, up 23.1% over the past five years.
The report points to a path forward to close divides across the world plate: better infrastructure, climate action, and making nutritious food affordable. We know what works. But the question is whether the world can move fast enough to fill the plate.
28. Why does the author begin with Marie Mbenza’s story?
A. To prove the changeable weather.
B. To make food crisis easy to feel.
C. To show small farms are unreliable.
D. To introduce a struggling farmer.
29. What is Portugal’s most likely score on the Resilient Food Systems Index?
A. 34.86.B. 56.4.C. 56.8.D. 76.83.
30. What can we know about climate-friendly farming research?
A. It scores well but reaches limited farmers.
B. It has been overlooked by the report.
C. It is the main cause of food price increases.
D. It is widely applied in poor countries.
31. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. The Crisis of ClimateB. A Guide to Green Farming
C. A Farmer’s ConfusionD. The World’s Divided Plate
【答案】28. B29. D30. A31. D
【解析】
【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了以刚果农民玛丽的困境为例，通过 2026 年粮食系统韧性指数报告，揭示全球粮食系统脆弱且差距悬殊，并指明了可行的改善方向。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“In a village in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (刚果金), Marie Mbenza always goes to her field at daybreak, tending her half-acre plot. But getting her harvest to market is as unpredictable as the weather. Sometimes her tomatoes go bad before they reach town, a daily reality for small-scale farmers. The global food systems are more fragile (脆弱的) than many realize. ( 在刚果民主共和国的一个村庄里，玛丽·姆贝扎总是天一亮就去她的农田劳作，照料着她那半英亩大小的农田。但她的农产品运往市场的过程却如同天气一样难以预测。有时她的西红柿在到达城镇之前就已经腐烂了，这是小规模农户每天都要面对的现实。全球的粮食系统比许多人所意识到的还要脆弱。)”可知，作者以玛丽·姆贝扎的故事开篇，随后引出“全球粮食系统比许多人意识到的更脆弱”以及“一场无声的粮食危机”这一核心主题，其目的是为了让人更容易感受到粮食危机。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Marie’s country comes last, scoring 34.86 out of 100, while Portugal ranks first. There is about a 42-point gap between the weakest food system and the strongest. Nearly half of all countries fall into a “middle zone”. Not collapsing, but far from secure. (玛丽所在的国家排名垫底，得分为34.86分（满分100分），而葡萄牙则位居榜首。最差的食品体系与最好的体系之间存在约42分的差距。几乎一半的国家都处于“中间地带”——既没有崩溃，但也远未达到安全状态。)”可知，参照原文数据计算，排名第一的葡萄牙得分约为 34.86 + 42 = 76.86，选项 D（76.83）与计算结果最为接近。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“While research into climate-friendly farming scored relatively well, the ability to actually help farmers put that research into practice averaged only 34. (虽然对气候友好型农业的研究表现相对较好，但实际帮助农民将这些研究成果付诸实践的能力平均仅为 34%。)”可知，气候友好型农业研究本身得分较高，但将研究成果转化为农民实际应用的能力却非常低（仅 34 分），这意味着研究成果惠及的农民非常有限。
【31题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章核心围绕“全球粮食系统存在巨大差距”展开：一方面是排名第一的葡萄牙，另一方面是排名最后的刚果（金），近一半国家处于“中间地带”，既不崩溃也不安全。标题中的“Divided”（分裂的）精准概括了这一核心矛盾，“Plate”（餐盘）则形象地代指粮食系统，既贴切又有深度。由此可知，D选项The World’s Divided Plate“世界分裂的餐盘”适合作为文章的标题。
D
For years, biologists have wondered why many water animals swim in short bursts, which are sudden, energetic movements that last only a moment, followed by long pauses (停顿). The common explanation is that such pauses allow the animals to glide (滑行), reducing drag and saving energy. But is it the case?
Researchers at EPFL in Switzerland built ZBot, a robot fish that perfectly copies the shape, movement, and swimming style of a young zebrafish (斑马鱼). Then they ran experiments. They made ZBot swim without stopping in some tests, and in burst-and-glide patterns in others. They measured everything. The results surprised them.
Gliding did save energy, but not for the reason they had expected. When the robot swam in bursts, its motor worked harder for short periods and then shut off completely during glides. When swimming without stopping, the motor ran all the time at medium power. The motor, it turned out, was more efficient when working in short, strong bursts. The researchers called this “actuator efficiency”. It indicates how well a motor turns energy into useful work.
The discovery matters far beyond zebrafish. Electric motors, such as those in factory robots, drones, or electric cars, face the same challenge. Most are built to run all the time at steady speeds. But ZBot suggests that starting and stopping, if timed right, could make batteries last longer and use less energy in many different machines. “This isn’t just about fish,” one researcher said. “It’s about rethinking how we build machines that move.”
There are problems, of course. The robot is small, and its movements are simple. Making it bigger will take time. But the idea that starting and stopping can sometimes work better than running all the time challenges a long-held belief in engineering.
What looks like a waste in nature, like all those pauses in swimming, often turns out to be wisdom we haven’t yet learned to understand.
32. Why did researchers build ZBot?
A. To create a new robotic tool.B. To catch the real zebrafish.
C. To copy the shape of zebrafish.D. To test an idea on swimming.
33. What did the researchers find out about the motor of ZBot?
A. It continued working during glides.B. It worked better in short, strong bursts.
C. It broke down when running non-stop.D. It failed to turn energy into useful work.
34. What is mentioned about the experiment in paragraph 5?
A. Its process.B. Its application.C. Its limitations.D. Its principles.
35. What does the author try to illustrate in the last paragraph?
A. Nature has lessons we have missed.B. Nature’s wisdom is understandable.
C. Nature wastes energy in many ways.D. Nature’s designs are far from perfect.
【答案】32. D33. B34. C35. A
【解析】
【导语】文章主要说明了科学家研制机器鱼探究水生动物间歇游动的原因，发现短时间歇运转更节能。该结论可优化各类电机设备，也启示人们自然中藏有未被发现的智慧。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“For years, biologists have wondered why many water animals swim in short bursts, which are sudden, energetic movements that last only a moment, followed by long pauses (停顿). The common explanation is that such pauses allow the animals to glide (滑行), reducing drag and saving energy. But is it the case?(多年来，生物学家一直对许多水生动物短时间快速游动的原因感到困惑。这种游动方式是突然且充满活力的，持续时间很短，随后便是长时间的停顿。通常的解释是，这种停顿能让动物滑行，从而减少阻力并节省能量。但事实果真如此吗？)”可知，研究人员构建ZBot是为了测试关于游泳的某个想法。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“The motor, it turned out, was more efficient when working in short, strong bursts.(结果发现，该电动机在进行短时间高强度工作时效率更高)”可知，ZBot的电机效果在短促而强烈的爆发中表现得更为显著。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段“There are problems, of course. The robot is small, and its movements are simple. Making it bigger will take time. But the idea that starting and stopping can sometimes work better than running all the time challenges a long-held belief in engineering.(当然，这其中也存在一些问题。这个机器人体积较小，动作也较为简单。要将其做大需要一定时间。但这种观点——即有时停止和启动的效果可能比一直运行更好——挑战了工程领域长期以来的固有观念)”可知，第五段中提到了关于该实验的局限性。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“What looks like a waste in nature, like all those pauses in swimming, often turns out to be wisdom we haven’t yet learned to understand.(在自然界中看似无用的现象，比如游泳时的那些停顿动作，往往其实蕴含着我们尚未领悟的智慧)”可知，作者在最后一段想要表达的是自然界存在着我们未曾领悟的奥秘。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ever notice how you feel different after a walk in the woods? Not just pleasantly tired after exercise, but clearer and lighter. It’s like your mind finally takes a deep breath. ____36____
Scientists have been studying this for years, and they’ve found that nature does something screens can’t. When you’re on a trail, your brain shifts into a different mode. The brain part, which handles constant thinking and worrying, gets a break. ____37____ You stop going over conversations in your head. You stop planning your to-do list. You just walk.
Psychologists call this “soft fascination”. The city, filled with flashing screens and sudden noises, demands your attention in sharp ways. The trail asks for just enough to keep you moving. Not too much, just enough. A rock in the path. ____38____ The way sunlight shines through the tree leaves. Nothing urgent. Just enough.
____39____ One foot in front of the other. Breathe in, breathe out. Your body knows it. Your thoughts stop racing. Problems that felt huge at your desk start to look smaller. You’re not solving anything, exactly. You’re just letting your mind breathe.
The best part? ____40____ Studies show that twenty minutes in a park or on a quiet trail is enough to lower stress and improve focus. So when the weather turns and you feel that pull to head outside, trust it. Put on shoes, find a trail and let the woods do what they’ve always done.
A. There is a reason why you feel this good.
B. Walking itself brings a natural, calming rhythm.
C. Here are some simple tips to help you get started.
D. You don’t have to walk long to get the real benefit.
E. A bird lifting off a branch without making a sound.
F. Your brain just calms down without you even trying.
G. A car just zooming away beside you on a busy street.
【答案】36. A37. F38. E39. B40. D
【解析】
【导语】主要说明了林间散步能舒缓大脑、平复思绪，自然会带来温和吸引力。步行节奏缓解压力，无需久走，短时亲近自然便可放松身心、提升专注力。
【36题详解】
根据上文“Ever notice how you feel different after a walk in the woods? Not just pleasantly tired after exercise, but clearer and lighter. It’s like your mind finally takes a deep breath.(你有没有注意到，在森林里散步之后，自己会有不一样的感觉？不只是运动后那种愉悦的疲惫感，而是更加清醒、轻松自在。就好像你的大脑终于得到了一次深呼吸)”可知，前文描写林间散步后身心舒畅的感受，A 选项“这种愉悦的感受是有原因的”承接上文，引出下文科学研究，过渡自然。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Scientists have been studying this for years, and they’ve found that nature does something screens can’t. When you’re on a trail, your brain shifts into a different mode. The brain part, which handles constant thinking and worrying, gets a break.(科学家们多年来一直在对此进行研究，他们发现大自然具备屏幕所不具备的某种能力。当你在山间小道上行走时，你的大脑会进入一种不同的状态。负责持续思考和忧虑的大脑区域会得到短暂的休息)”可知，前文表示负责焦虑、胡思乱想的大脑区域得以放松，F 选项“你的大脑会不自觉地平静下来”承接，呼应后文不再回想琐事、不再罗列待办清单。
【38题详解】
根据上文“Psychologists call this “soft fascination”. The city, filled with flashing screens and sudden noises, demands your attention in sharp ways. The trail asks for just enough to keep you moving. Not too much, just enough. A rock in the path.(心理学家将这种现象称为“温和的吸引力”。这座城市布满了闪烁的屏幕和突然出现的声响，以强烈的方式吸引着你的注意力。这条小径所设置的障碍恰到好处地促使你不断前行。不过多，但也并非太少。路上的一块石头)”以及后文“The way sunlight shines through the tree leaves. Nothing urgent. Just enough.(阳光透过树叶洒下的样子。无需太过刻意。恰到好处即可)”可知，前后是一系列自然小景象的并列举例：路上的石头、___、树叶间的阳光，E 选项“一只鸟儿无声地离开枝头”属于静谧的自然画面，句式和语境完全匹配。
【39题详解】
根据后文“One foot in front of the other. Breathe in, breathe out. Your body knows it. Your thoughts stop racing. Problems that felt huge at your desk start to look smaller. You’re not solving anything, exactly. You’re just letting your mind breathe.(一只脚跟着另一只脚。吸气，呼气。你的身体知道该怎么做。你的思绪不再纷乱。原本在办公桌前觉得无比巨大的问题开始显得不那么严重了。你并没有真正解决什么问题，只是让自己的思绪得以放松)”可知，后文描述迈步、呼吸、思绪放缓，B 选项“行走本身自带舒缓的自然节奏”统领本段内容，贴合语境。
【40题详解】
根据后文“Studies show that twenty minutes in a park or on a quiet trail is enough to lower stress and improve focus. So when the weather turns and you feel that pull to head outside, trust it. Put on shoes, find a trail and let the woods do what they’ve always done.(研究表明，在公园里或安静的小径上待上 20 分钟就足以缓解压力并提高专注力。所以，当天气变化、你又想要出去走走时，相信自己的直觉吧。穿上鞋子，找一条小径，让大自然发挥它一直以来的作用吧)”可知，后文说明只需 20 分钟短途散步就能减压、提升专注力，D 选项“不必长时间行走就能收获实实在在的好处”完美衔接。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
The summer I turned 16, I decided to become a guitarist. I found online lessons, and ____41____.
For week one, it was great. My fingers ____42____, but I told myself that was part of the process. Physical pain meant ____43____. I was convinced that I’d be playing my favorite songs in no time. Then week two ____44____. The simple chords (和弦) felt impossible. I practiced with my door locked, ____45____ for anyone to hear. By week three, the guitar sat in the corner, gathering ____46____. Every time I looked at it, I felt a wave of ____47____. But picking it up again felt even worse.
Dad found me staring at it one afternoon. “You quit?” he asked. I ____48____. “I’m just not cut out for it.” He sat down. “I once learned the piano for only two weeks. But I learned failing at something doesn’t mean you ____49____ your time. It just means you find out it isn’t your thing. That’s ____50____ too.”
I didn’t pick the guitar back up. But I kept ____51____ about what he said. We hear so much about never quitting. But there’s something to trying something. It’s that you ____52____ it a real shot, and walk away when it doesn’t fit. The next year, I joined the photography club. It ____53____ I had a good eye for light and composition. And I ____54____ found my way there by failing at guitar.
Sometimes you have to try the ____55____ thing to recognize what the right thing feels like.
41. A. waitedB. practicedC. struggledD. cheered
42. A. healedB. achedC. softenedD. strengthened
43. A. progressB. attemptC. patienceD. responsibility
44. A. repeatedB. arrivedC. remainedD. disappeared
45. A. excitedB. surprisedC. disappointedD. embarrassed
46. A. dustB. mudC. soilD. mark
47. A. prideB. reliefC. guiltD. delight
48. A. noddedB. shoutedC. hesitatedD. agreed
49. A. saveB. wasteC. spendD. kill
50. A. strangeB. normalC. strikingD. valuable
51. A. worryingB. dreamingC. thinkingD. asking
52. A. haveB. makeC. takeD. give
53. A. turned outB. came outC. figured outD. found out
54. A. quicklyB. easilyC. directlyD. eventually
55. A. goodB. smallC. wrongD. simple
【答案】41. B42. B43. A44. B45. D46. A47. C48. A49. B50. D51. C52. D53. A54. D55. C
【解析】
【导语】作者十六岁学吉他中途放弃，在父亲开导下明白尝试失败也有意义，最终找到适合自己的爱好。
【41题详解】
考查动词。句意：我找了网课，然后坚持练习。A. waited等待；B. practiced练习；C. struggled奋斗；D. cheered欢呼。根据前文“I decided to become a guitarist. I found online lessons”可知，想学吉他、找网课，接下来自然是练习。
【42题详解】
考查动词。句意：第一周一切都很好，我的手指很疼，但我告诉自己这是必经过程。A. healed愈合；B. ached疼痛；C. softened变软；D. strengthened加强。根据后文“Physical pain meant progress”可知，此处指手指练琴练疼了。
【43题详解】
考查名词。句意：身体上的疼痛意味着进步。A. progress进步；B. attempt尝试；C. patience耐心；D. responsibility责任。根据上文“My fingers ____ , but I told myself that was part of the process. ”坚持练琴、忍受疼痛，并结合常理可知，吃苦练习代表有进步。
【44题详解】
考查动词。句意：然后第二周到来了，简单的和弦都变得很难弹。A. repeated重复；B. arrived到来；C. remained保持；D. disappeared消失。根据上文“For week one”可知此处衔接表示第二周来临，难度加大。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我锁着门练习，害怕被别人听到而感到尴尬。A. excited兴奋的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. disappointed失望的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据前文“The simple chords felt impossible”可知，自己弹不好，不想被人听见，怕尴尬。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：到了第三周，吉他被扔在角落，积满了灰尘。A. dust灰尘；B. mud泥土；C. soil土壤；D. mark痕迹。根据上文“By week three, the guitar sat in the corner”可知，乐器长期不放在角落，会积灰尘。
【47题详解】
考查名词。句意：每次看到吉他，我都心生愧疚。A. pride骄傲；B. relief轻松；C. guilt愧疚；D. delight开心。根据上文“By week three, the guitar sat in the corner, gathering ____ .”可知，自己半途而废，看着闲置的吉他，内心会愧疚不安。
【48题详解】
考查动词。句意：爸爸问我是不是放弃了，我点了点头。A. nodded点头；B. shouted大喊；C. hesitated犹豫；D. agreed同意。根据后文“I’m just not cut out for it.”可知，作者默认了放弃，所以是点头回应。
【49题详解】
考查动词。句意：失败并不意味着你浪费了时间。A. save节省；B. waste浪费；C. spend花费；D. kill消磨。根据后文“It just means you find out it isn’t your thing.”可知，父亲开导作者，尝试过后失败，不算白白浪费时间。
【50题详解】
考查形容词。句意：发现一件事不适合自己，这也是很有价值的。A. strange奇怪的；B. normal正常的；C. striking显著的；D. valuable有价值的。根据上文“But I learned failing at something doesn’t mean you ____ your time. It just means you find out it isn’t your thing. ”可知，勇敢尝试、认清自我，是一件有价值的事。
【51题详解】
考查动词。句意：我没有重新拿起吉他，但我一直在思考父亲说的话。A. worrying担心；B. dreaming梦想；C. thinking思考；D. asking询问。根据下文“what he said.”可知，父亲一番开导后，作者内心有所感悟，反复回想、琢磨话语含义。
【52题详解】
考查动词。句意：你认真努力尝试过，不合适就坦然离开。A. have拥有；B. make制作；C. take采取；D. give给予。根据后文“and walk away when it doesn’t fit.”推测，作者决定再尝试一次，固定搭配give it a real shot表示“认真尝试一次”。
【53题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：结果证明我很擅长捕捉光线和构图。A. turned out结果证明；B. came out出版；C. figured out弄清楚；D. found out查明。根据下文“I had a good eye for light and composition.”可知，事实证明作者有摄影天赋。
【54题详解】
考查副词。句意：最终，我正是因为学吉他失败，才找到了适合自己的方向。A. quickly快速地；B. easily轻松地；C. directly直接地；D. eventually最终地。结合上文内容可知，经历学吉他失败、自我反思，最后找到摄影爱好。
【55题详解】
考查形容词。句意：有时候，要试过错误的事情，才知道什么是对的。A. good好的；B. small微小的；C. wrong错误的；D. simple简单的。根据下文“to recognize what the right thing feels like.”并结合作者发现自己不适合吉他的经历可知，尝试不适合自己的错事，才能找准正确方向。
第II卷（非选择题，共55分）
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Despite coming from vastly different cultural backgrounds, China’s frozen north and the peaceful British countryside, writers Chi Zijian and James Herriot share a deep ____56____ (emotion) connection: a deep and sincere respect for the “spirit of all things”.
Known for her novel The Last Quarter of the Moon, Chi Zijian often ____57____ (describe) the world through the wise eyes of the Evenki people, who believe that trees, rivers, and animals all possess gentle souls. Similarly, James Herriot, in All Creatures Great and Small, turns his daily veterinary (兽医的) work into ____58____ warm celebration of life. A sick horse or an injured dog is not ____59____ (simple) a case to treat but a fellow creature deserving of kindness. His ____60____ (story) reveal a beautiful combination of professional duty and genuine affection.
In the past, nature ____61____ (treat) as nothing more than a tool to satisfy human desires. Both authors reject the idea that nature exists merely as a resource for humans. Instead, they advocate for a world of coexistence ____62____ people show respect for nature and live in harmony with it. By reading their thoughtful works, we find that whether one lives in a snowy Chinese forest ____63____ the misty English wild lands, the language of nature is universal.
In a world increasingly ____64____ (dominate) by modern technology, their words serve as a gentle reminder. True wisdom does not lie ____65____ conquering (征服) nature. It is listening to it carefully that counts.
【答案】56. emotional
57. describes
58. a59. simply
60. stories
61. was treated
62. where63. or
64. dominated
65. in
【解析】
【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了作家迟子建与吉米・哈利虽身处不同地域与文化背景，却都敬畏万物生灵、倡导人与自然共生，批判人类把自然当作工具的错误观念，并指出在科技主导的当下，倾听自然才是真正的智慧。
【56题详解】
考查形容词。句意：尽管来自截然不同的文化背景 —— 严寒的中国北方与宁静的英国乡村，作家迟子建与吉米・哈利有着深厚的情感联结：对 “万物之灵” 深沉而真挚的敬畏。空格后为名词connection，需用形容词作定语修饰名词，emotion的形容词形式为emotional。
【57题详解】
考查时态。句意：凭借小说《额尔古纳河右岸》闻名的迟子建，常以鄂温克族人充满智慧的视角描绘世界，鄂温克人相信树木、河流与动物皆拥有温柔的灵魂。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语Chi Zijian为单数人名，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式describes。
【58题详解】
考查冠词。句意：同样，吉米・哈利在《万物既伟大又渺小》中，将日常兽医工作化作一场温暖的生命礼赞。此处泛指“一场……的赞颂”，warm为辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。
【59题详解】
考查副词。句意：一匹生病的马或是一只受伤的狗，不仅仅是需要医治的病例，更是值得善待的生灵。此处修饰整个句子，需用副词作状语，simple的副词形式为simply。
【60题详解】
考查名词。句意：他的故事展现出职业责任与真挚温情的美好交融。story为可数名词，谓语动词reveal提示主语是复数，此处用复数形式stories。
【61题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：在过去，大自然仅仅被视作满足人类欲望的工具。时间状语In the past提示用一般过去时，主语nature与动词treat为被动关系，单数主语搭配was treated。
【62题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：相反，他们倡导构建一个人类敬畏自然、与自然和谐共处的共生世界。空处引导定语从句，先行词为a world，表示地点，从句缺地点状语，用关系副词where引导定语从句。
【63题详解】
考查连词。句意：品读他们富有思考的作品我们会发现，无论身处白雪皑皑的中国森林，还是雾气朦胧的英国荒野，自然的语言相通共融。固定搭配whether...or... 意为“无论……还是……”。
【64题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在一个日益被现代科技主导的世界里，他们的文字是一份温柔的提醒。句中已有谓语动词serve，故空处需填非谓语动词，名词world与动词dominate为被动关系，用过去分词dominated作后置定语。
【65题详解】
考查介词。句意：真正的智慧并不在于征服自然。固定搭配lie in意为“在于；存在于”。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
66. 你校英文报正在举办主题为“If I Could Design a Campus Course”的创意征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1．你设计的课程；
2．你的理由。
注意:
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
If I Could Design a Campus Course
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】If I Could Design a Campus Course
If I could design a campus course, it would be Life Skills and Creative Thinking. It will bridge academic study and real-life needs.
This course will include two parts: practical life skills and creative activities. We will learn first aid, time management and simple cooking skills, and also take part in handcraft design, story creation and group brainstorming. All these are closely related to our daily life and easy to put into practice.
Hopefully, this course can help us become more independent and unlock our imagination at the same time.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生参加学校英文报“ If I Could Design a Campus Course ”创意征文活动，撰写短文投稿。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
连接：bridge → connect
包括：include→consist of
参加：take part in→ participate in
自主的：independent → self-reliant
2. 句式拓展
合并句子
原句：This course will include two parts: practical life skills and creative activities. We will learn first aid, time management and simple cooking skills.
拓展句：This course will include two parts: practical life skills and creative activities, where we will learn first aid, time management and simple cooking skills.
【点睛】【高分句型1】If I could design a campus course, it would be Life Skills and Creative Thinking. (运用if引导的虚拟语气)
【高分句型2】Hopefully, this course can help us become more independent and unlock our imagination at the same time. (运用不带to不定式并列结构作宾语补足语)
第二节（满分25分）
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
To get his three kids to do their share of housework, Dad came up with a chore chart. “Do a chore, earn some pocket money,” he told them. “Save up, and you can buy whatever toy you like.” Dad promised to hand out pocket money every Saturday evening based on what they had done. The kids were over the moon.
Alex, the oldest, couldn’t get a cool skateboard out of his head. He threw himself into every chore he could find. Before Ben could even grab a dish towel, Alex had already jumped in. When Lily reached for the mop (拖把), he gently took it from her. He washed, swept, mopped, and even walked the dog four times a day. Soon, Ben and Lily had almost nothing left to do.
Dad soon noticed. On Friday evening, he pulled Alex aside and said coldly, “This isn’t a race, Alex. Chores are about learning to be responsible, not just about making money.” Alex’s cheeks burned. He had worked so hard, but now Dad seemed disappointed with him. Feeling hurt, he walked off without a word.
On Saturday afternoon, the family went for a walk in the park. Alex was still quiet, dragging his feet behind his parents. Then they saw a little girl crying under a big tree. Her balloon had floated up and gotten stuck on a branch. Without thinking, Alex climbed the tree. His parents held their breath, watching nervously. “Be careful, Alex!” Mom called out, her voice tight with worry. Dad stood close beneath the tree, arms half-raised, ready to catch him if he fell. Ben and Lily cheered from the ground, “You can do it, Alex!” Ben shouted.
Alex reached out carefully, grabbed the balloon string, and climbed back down. He handed the balloon to the little girl. Her eyes widened, and a big smile spread across her tear-stained face. “Thank you, thank you!” she cried, hugging the balloon tightly.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Later, the girl’s mom came over and took out a ten-dollar bill.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That evening, Dad took out the pocket money, pride and regret in his eyes.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
Later, the girl’s mom came over and took out a ten-dollar bill. “Thank you for helping my daughter,” she said warmly, pressing the money into Alex’s hand. Alex hesitated, and then handed it back. “I just wanted to help,” he said shyly. The mom insisted, but Alex stood firm. Ben and Lily watched in surprise. Was this the brother who had grabbed every chore for money? Even Dad gave a slight nod of approval. As the family walked home, Alex wasn’t dragging his feet anymore. The setting sun painted the sky gold, and inside his chest glowed a warmth that no skateboard in the world could ever bring.
That evening, Dad took out the pocket money, pride and regret in his eyes. He handed each child their coins, but when he came to Alex, he paused, regret weighing on his face. “I was too hard on you Friday,” he said quietly. “You did the most chores, but that’s not why I’m proud.” He placed an extra two dollars into Alex’s palm. “This is for helping that little girl. You did it because it was right.” Alex looked at the money, then at his father. For the first time, he understood that responsibility was not about racing for rewards, but choosing to do good without expecting anything in return.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了爸爸制定家务表，让孩子们干活赚零花钱。亚历克斯为买滑板包揽所有家务，遭到父亲批评。后来在公园，他主动爬树帮小女孩取下气球，还拒绝报酬。父亲为此向他道歉并额外奖励。亚历克斯最终明白，责任并非只为奖赏，而是不求回报地行善。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写母亲拿出钱来感谢对方的帮助，亚历克斯拒绝报酬。
②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写父亲为此向他道歉并额外奖励。亚历克斯最终明白，责任并非只为奖赏，而是不求回报地行善。
2.续写线索：女孩母亲感谢——拒绝报酬——父亲骄傲——额外奖励——亚历克斯感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①犹豫：hesitate/falter
②点亮：glow/brighten
③放置：place/put
情绪类
①害羞地：shyly/timidly/bashfully
②惊讶：surprise/astonishment
【点睛】【高分句型1】As the family walked home, Alex wasn’t dragging his feet anymore.(运用了as引导的时间状语从句)
【高分句型2】He handed each child their coins, but when he came to Alex, he paused, regret weighing on his face.(运用了when引导时间状语从句和独立主格结构)
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