四、句子按其结构可以分为以下三类:
1. 简单句:只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句。
如:She likes collecting stamps. 她喜欢集邮。
I finishedmy homework and then watchedTV.
我做完作业,然后看了电视。
2. 并列句:包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子,句与句之间常用并列连词或分号来连接。
简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句 = 并列句。
1) 并列关系:常见连词有:and并且;both...and两者都;not only...but also不但……而且
如:I cooked lunch andI made a cake. 我做了午饭,还做了一个蛋糕。
Not onlydoes she speak French, butshe's alsogood with computers.
她不仅会说法语,还精通计算机。
2) 转折关系:常见连词有:but但是;yet然而
如:The food was good, but he had no stomach for it.
食物很精美,但他却没什么胃口。
He worked hard, yet he failed.
他工作很努力,然而他还是失败了。
3) 因果关系:常见连词有:so于是,所以;for因为
如:It was raining, so we stayed home.下雨了,所以我们待在家里。
We waited so long, forshe carried news of our friends.
我们等这么久是因为她带来了我们朋友的消息。
4) 选择关系:常见连词有:or或者;either...or不是……就是;
如:I ask him whether he has done it himself orwhether someone has helped him.
我问他这是他自己做的还是有人帮他做的。
I'll see whether she's at home ornot. 我来看看她在不在家。
Either you lose or I win. 不是你输,就是我赢。
5) 假设关系:常见连词有or否则,不然;or else否则
如:Turn the heat down or it'll burn.把炉火开小一些,不然就烧焦了。
We got to take him to a hospital, or elsehe'll die. Please.
我们得送他去医院,要不然他就会死的,求你们了。