中考英语里，阅读理解是占分最高、也最容易拉开分差的题型——很多孩子单词都认识，却总在阅读上丢大半分：要么题干读不懂，找不到原文定位句；要么好不容易找到句子，却抓不住答案核心；要么被干扰项迷惑，在两个选项里反复纠结，最终选错。其实中考阅读的出题逻辑非常固定，80%的题目答案，都藏在题干的定位词和原文的高频信号短语里。这份专为中考打磨的350个核心短语，覆盖阅读全题型的定位、解题、排错全环节，完全贴合中考真题的出题规律，孩子背熟之后，能快速锁定题干定位词、精准抓住原文答案句，避开干扰项陷阱，阅读直接秒选答案！
一、题干精准定位限定短语
1. according to the passage 根据文章内容
例句：According to the passage, which of the following is true about the inventor?
根据文章内容，以下关于这位发明家的说法哪一项是正确的？
2. in Paragraph 2 在第二段中
例句：What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
第二段中的划线词it指代的是什么？
3. from the text 从文中
例句：What can we learn about the project from the text?
从文中我们能了解到这个项目的什么信息？
4. in the first paragraph 在第一段中
例句：The main purpose of the first paragraph is to ______.
第一段的主要目的是______。
5. in the last paragraph 在最后一段中
例句：What does the author want to tell us in the last paragraph?
作者在最后一段想要告诉我们什么？
6. which of the following 以下哪一项
例句：Which of the following is the best title for the text?
以下哪一项是文章的最佳标题？
7. the author mentions 作者提到
例句：The author mentions the two studies in Paragraph 3 to ______.
作者在第三段提到这两项研究是为了______。
8. according to the author 根据作者的观点
例句：According to the author, what is the biggest problem of online learning?
根据作者的观点，线上学习最大的问题是什么？
9. in the writer's view 在作者看来
例句：In the writer's view, what should we do to protect the environment?
在作者看来，我们应该做些什么来保护环境？
10. from the passage we know 从文中我们可以得知
例句：From the passage we know that the program started in ______.
从文中我们可以得知，这个项目启动于______。
11. the underlined sentence 划线句子
例句：What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean?
第四段的划线句子是什么意思？
12. the main idea of the passage 文章的主旨大意
例句：What is the main idea of the passage?
这篇文章的主旨大意是什么？
13. the best title for the text 文章的最佳标题
例句：Which of the following is the best title for the text?
以下哪一项是文章的最佳标题？
14. the purpose of the text 文章的写作目的
例句：What is the purpose of the text?
这篇文章的写作目的是什么？
15. in the survey mentioned 在文中提到的调查中
例句：In the survey mentioned, how many students like online classes?
在文中提到的调查中，有多少学生喜欢线上课程？
16. according to the study 根据这项研究
例句：According to the study, what is the main cause of the problem?
根据这项研究，这个问题的主要成因是什么？
17. in the experiment 在实验中
例句：What can we learn from the experiment in Paragraph 5?
我们能从第五段的实验中了解到什么？
18. the example in Paragraph 3 第三段中的例子
例句：The example in Paragraph 3 is used to show ______.
第三段中的例子是用来表明______。
19. the main reason for ……的主要原因
例句：What is the main reason for the popularity of the product?
这款产品受欢迎的主要原因是什么？
20. the right order of the events 事件的正确顺序
例句：Which is the right order of the events mentioned in the text?
文中提到的事件的正确顺序是什么？
21. from the second paragraph 从第二段中
例句：From the second paragraph, we can infer that ______.
从第二段中，我们可以推断出______。
22. the attitude of the author 作者的态度
例句：What is the attitude of the author towards the new policy?
作者对这项新政策的态度是什么？
23. in the story 在故事中
例句：In the story, the old man finally ______.
在故事中，这位老人最终______。
24. according to the interview 根据采访内容
例句：According to the interview, what made the girl successful?
根据采访内容，是什么让这个女孩取得了成功？
25. the underlined word 划线单词
例句：The underlined word "sustainable" in Paragraph 1 probably means ______.
第一段中的划线单词sustainable的意思可能是______。
26. in the passage mentioned 在文中提到的文章里
例句：In the passage mentioned, the number of the volunteers is ______.
在文中提到的文章里，志愿者的数量是______。
27. the writer talks about 作者谈到了
例句：The writer talks about the advantages of the method in ______ ways.
作者从______个方面谈到了这个方法的优势。
28. the first paragraph mainly talks about 第一段主要讲述了
例句：The first paragraph mainly talks about ______.
第一段主要讲述了______。
29. the passage is mainly about 这篇文章主要是关于
例句：The passage is mainly about ______.
这篇文章主要是关于______。
30. the passage is probably taken from 这篇文章可能节选自
例句：The passage is probably taken from ______.
这篇文章可能节选自______。
31. who is the text written for 这篇文章是写给谁的
例句：Who is the text written for?
这篇文章是写给谁的？
32. how many reasons are mentioned 文中提到了多少个原因
例句：How many reasons are mentioned in the third paragraph?
第三段中提到了多少个原因？
33. the difference between A and B A和B之间的区别
例句：What is the difference between the two plans mentioned in the text?
文中提到的两个计划之间的区别是什么？
34. the common thing of the examples 例子的共同点
例句：What is the common thing of the three examples mentioned?
文中提到的三个例子的共同点是什么？
35. the result of the research 研究的结果
例句：What is the result of the research mentioned in the text?
文中提到的研究结果是什么？
二、因果逻辑关系高频短语
1. because of 因为；由于
例句：Many wild animals are in danger because of the loss of their living areas.
许多野生动物正濒临灭绝，因为它们的栖息地遭到了破坏。
2. due to 由于；因为
例句：The sports meeting was put off due to the heavy rain last week.
由于上周的大雨，运动会被推迟了。
3. as a result 结果；因此
例句：He practiced speaking English every day, as a result, he won the first prize in the competition.
他每天练习说英语，因此在比赛中获得了一等奖。
4. as a result of 由于；作为……的结果
例句：Many people lost their homes as a result of the terrible flood.
由于这场可怕的洪水，很多人失去了家园。
5. thanks to 多亏；幸亏
例句：Thanks to the doctors' hard work, the patient was saved successfully.
多亏了医生们的努力，这位病人被成功救活了。
6. lead to 导致；通向
例句：Eating too much junk food can lead to serious health problems.
吃太多垃圾食品会导致严重的健康问题。
7. result in 导致；结果是
例句：The terrible accident resulted in three deaths and five injuries.
这场严重的事故造成了3人死亡，5人受伤。
8. result from 起因于；由……造成
例句：His failure in the exam resulted from his carelessness.
他考试不及格是因为他的粗心大意。
9. on account of 因为；由于
例句：He had to give up the trip on account of his father's illness.
因为父亲生病，他不得不放弃这次旅行。
10. by reason of 由于；因为
例句：The flight was delayed by reason of the bad weather.
航班因为恶劣的天气延误了。
11. in consequence of 由于；因为……的结果
例句：In consequence of the heavy snow, many roads were closed.
由于大雪，很多道路都被封闭了。
12. now that 既然；由于
例句：Now that you have finished your homework, you can watch TV for a while.
既然你已经写完了作业，你可以看一会儿电视。
13. seeing that 既然；因为
例句：Seeing that you are tired, you can have a rest first.
既然你累了，可以先休息一下。
14. considering that 考虑到；就……而言
例句：Considering that he is only 10 years old, he plays the piano very well.
考虑到他只有10岁，他钢琴弹得已经非常好了。
15. in that 因为；由于
例句：The plan is perfect in that it can save a lot of time and money.
这个计划很完美，因为它能节省大量的时间和金钱。
16. for the reason that 因为；由于
例句：He was late for the interview for the reason that his car broke down on the way.
他面试迟到了，因为他的车在路上坏了。
17. by virtue of 由于；凭借
例句：She got the job by virtue of her rich experience in this field.
她凭借在这个领域的丰富经验得到了这份工作。
18. give rise to 引起；导致
例句：The rapid development of technology has given rise to great changes in our life.
科技的快速发展给我们的生活带来了巨大的变化。
19. bring about 导致；引起
例句：The new policy has brought about great improvements in people's lives.
这项新政策给人们的生活带来了巨大的改善。
20. account for 解释；说明……的原因；占比
例句：His illness accounts for his absence from school these days.
他生病是这几天没来上学的原因。
21. be responsible for 对……负责；是……的原因
例句：Smoking is responsible for many cases of lung cancer.
吸烟是很多肺癌病例的诱因。
22. be the cause of 是……的原因
例句：Air pollution is the main cause of this kind of disease.
空气污染是这种疾病的主要诱因。
23. be the result of 是……的结果
例句：His success is the result of years of hard work.
他的成功是多年努力的结果。
24. for fear that 生怕；唯恐
例句：She locked the door for fear that someone might break in at night.
她锁好了门，生怕晚上有人闯进来。
25. in case 以防；万一
例句：Take an umbrella with you in case it rains in the afternoon.
带上伞吧，以防下午下雨。
26. in order to 为了；以便
例句：In order to pass the senior high school entrance exam, he studied very hard.
为了通过中考，他学习非常刻苦。
27. so that 以便；为了；结果是
例句：She gets up early every morning so that she can catch the first bus.
她每天早上早起，以便能赶上第一班公交车。
28. for the purpose of 为了……的目的
例句：He went to the library for the purpose of reading some books about history.
他去图书馆是为了读一些历史相关的书籍。
29. with the purpose of 为了；带着……的目的
例句：She started the project with the purpose of helping the poor children.
她发起这个项目，目的是帮助贫困儿童。
30. for the sake of 为了；为了……的利益
例句：We should protect the environment for the sake of our future generations.
为了我们的后代，我们应该保护环境。
31. with the aim of 以……为目标；旨在
例句：The activity is held with the aim of improving students' physical health.
举办这个活动的目的是提升学生的身体素质。
32. out of 出于；由于
例句：He helped the old man out of kindness, not for money.
他帮助这位老人是出于善良，而不是为了钱。
33. arise from 由……引起；起因于
例句：Most of the arguments arise from misunderstanding between each other.
大多数争吵都源于彼此之间的误会。
34. originate from 起源于；发源于
例句：The traditional custom originates from a folk story hundreds of years ago.
这个传统习俗起源于几百年前的一个民间故事。
35. grow out of 源于；因长大而不再做
例句：Her love for painting grows out of her mother's influence when she was a child.
她对绘画的热爱源于小时候母亲对她的影响。
三、转折对比逻辑定位短语
1. however 然而；可是
例句：The task is difficult. However, we will try our best to finish it on time.
这项任务很困难，可是我们会尽全力按时完成。
2. but 但是；然而
例句：He is very young, but he knows a lot about traditional Chinese culture.
他年纪很小，但是对中国传统文化了解很多。
3. while 而；虽然
例句：Some people like to stay at home on weekends, while others like to go out for a trip.
有些人周末喜欢待在家里，而另一些人喜欢出去旅行。
4. whereas 然而；反之
例句：The northern part of the country is very dry, whereas the southern part is very wet.
这个国家的北部非常干旱，而南部却非常湿润。
5. on the contrary 相反；正相反
例句：Many people thought he would fail. On the contrary, he succeeded in the end.
很多人以为他会失败，正相反，他最终成功了。
6. in contrast 相比之下
例句：In contrast with last year, our sales have increased a lot this year.
和去年相比，我们今年的销售额增长了很多。
7. in contrast to 与……形成对比
例句：In contrast to the busy city life, the life in the countryside is very relaxing.
和繁忙的城市生活相比，乡村生活非常悠闲。
8. by contrast 相比之下
例句：By contrast, the second method is more practical and easier to carry out.
相比之下，第二个方法更实用，也更容易执行。
9. on the one hand 一方面
例句：On the one hand, we need to study hard at school.
一方面，我们需要在学校努力学习。
10. on the other hand 另一方面
例句：On the other hand, we also need to have enough rest to keep healthy.
另一方面，我们也需要充足的休息来保持健康。
11. for one thing 一来；一方面
例句：For one thing, the activity can help us make more new friends.
一来，这个活动能帮助我们交到更多新朋友。
12. for another thing 二来；另一方面
例句：For another thing, it can also improve our teamwork ability.
二来，它也能提升我们的团队合作能力。
13. instead 反而；相反
例句：He didn't feel upset about his failure. Instead, he decided to work harder.
他没有因为失败而沮丧，反而决定更加努力。
14. instead of 代替；而不是
例句：We should walk to school instead of taking a car every day to reduce pollution.
我们应该每天步行上学而不是坐车，来减少污染。
15. rather than 而不是；宁可……也不愿
例句：We should solve the problem together rather than do it alone.
我们应该一起解决问题，而不是独自行动。
16. unlike 不像；与……不同
例句：Unlike his brother, he is very outgoing and likes making friends.
和他的哥哥不同，他性格非常外向，喜欢交朋友。
17. different from 与……不同
例句：The way of learning English is different from that of learning math.
英语的学习方法和数学的学习方法是不同的。
18. the same as 和……一样
例句：His opinion is the same as mine on this matter.
在这件事上，他的观点和我的一样。
19. similar to 与……相似
例句：The climate in this city is similar to that in my hometown.
这座城市的气候和我家乡的很相似。
20. compared with 与……相比
例句：Compared with the past, our life has become much better now.
和过去相比，我们现在的生活已经好了很多。
21. in comparison with 与……相比
例句：In comparison with the first plan, the second one is more environmentally friendly.
和第一个计划相比，第二个计划更环保。
22. by comparison 相比之下
例句：By comparison, living in the countryside is much cheaper than living in the city.
相比之下，住在乡下比住在城里开销小得多。
23. even if 即使；虽然
例句：Even if it rains tomorrow, we will still hold the sports meeting.
即使明天下雨，我们依然会举办运动会。
24. even though 尽管；虽然
例句：Even though he is very tired, he still helps his mom with housework.
尽管他很累，他依然帮妈妈做家务。
25. though 虽然；尽管
例句：Though he failed many times, he never gave up his dream.
虽然他失败了很多次，他从未放弃自己的梦想。
26. although 虽然；尽管
例句：Although the problem is very difficult, we can solve it together.
尽管这个问题很难，我们可以一起解决它。
27. despite 尽管；不管
例句：He went to school despite his serious illness.
尽管病得很重，他还是去上学了。
28. in spite of 尽管；不管
例句：In spite of the bad weather, they still went to the mountain to plant trees.
尽管天气恶劣，他们依然去山里种了树。
29. regardless of 不管；不顾
例句：He went to help the people in need regardless of his own safety.
他不顾自己的安危，去帮助有需要的人。
30. yet 然而；但是
例句：The plan sounds perfect, yet there are still some problems we need to solve.
这个计划听起来很完美，但是还有一些问题我们需要解决。
31. otherwise 否则；不然
例句：You must study hard, otherwise you will fall behind other students.
你必须努力学习，否则你会落后于其他同学。
32. conversely 相反地；反过来
例句：You can add more water if it's too dry. Conversely, you can add more flour if it's too wet.
如果太干了你可以加点水，反过来，如果太湿了你可以加点面粉。
33. by the same token 同样地；出于同样原因
例句：You should respect others. By the same token, others will respect you too.
你应该尊重别人，同样地，别人也会尊重你。
34. on the other side 另一方面；反过来说
例句：On the other side, the new technology also brings some new problems.
反过来说，这项新技术也带来了一些新的问题。
35. differ from 与……不同；区别于
例句：The new type of car differs from the old one in many ways.
这款新型汽车在很多方面都和旧款不同。
四、观点态度表达核心短语
1. hold the view that 持有……的观点
例句：Many experts hold the view that early education is very important for children.
很多专家持有这样的观点：早教对孩子非常重要。
2. in one's opinion 在某人看来
例句：In my opinion, reading is the best way to improve our English level.
在我看来，阅读是提升英语水平的最佳方式。
3. from one's point of view 在某人看来
例句：From the doctor's point of view, we need to do exercise at least three times a week.
在医生看来，我们每周至少要运动三次。
4. as far as sb is concerned 就某人而言
例句：As far as I am concerned, health is more important than grades.
就我而言，健康比成绩更重要。
5. personally speaking 就我个人而言
例句：Personally speaking, I prefer to study in groups rather than study alone.
就我个人而言，我更喜欢小组学习，而不是独自学习。
6. to one's mind 在某人看来
例句：To my mind, we should protect the traditional culture well.
在我看来，我们应该好好保护传统文化。
7. as I see it 在我看来
例句：As I see it, teamwork is the key to success in this activity.
在我看来，团队合作是这次活动成功的关键。
8. in one's view 在某人看来
例句：In the writer's view, we should never give up when we face difficulties.
在作者看来，我们面对困难时永远不要放弃。
9. be in favor of 支持；赞成
例句：Most of the students are in favor of the new school rule.
大多数学生都支持这条新校规。
10. be against 反对；不赞成
例句：Some people are against building a factory near the village.
一些人反对在村子附近建工厂。
11. approve of 赞成；认可
例句：His parents approve of his decision to study abroad after graduation.
他的父母赞成他毕业后出国留学的决定。
12. disapprove of 不赞成；反对
例句：Many parents disapprove of their children spending too much time on mobile phones.
很多家长反对孩子花太多时间在手机上。
13. agree with 同意；赞同
例句：I totally agree with what you said just now.
我完全同意你刚才说的话。
14. disagree with 不同意；不赞同
例句：He disagrees with the idea that money can buy everything.
他不认同金钱能买到一切的观点。
15. object to 反对；不赞成
例句：Many local people object to the plan to cut down the old trees in the park.
很多当地居民反对砍掉公园里老树的计划。
16. be opposed to 反对；与……相反
例句：She is strongly opposed to the idea of giving up the project halfway.
她强烈反对中途放弃这个项目的想法。
17. subscribe to 同意；赞成；订阅
例句：Many scientists subscribe to the view that climate change is a serious problem.
很多科学家都认同气候变化是一个严重问题的观点。
18. maintain that 坚持认为；主张
例句：He maintains that the method is the most effective one.
他坚持认为这个方法是最有效的。
19. argue that 认为；主张；论证说
例句：The author argues that early rising is good for people's health.
作者认为早起对人们的健康有益。
20. claim that 声称；宣称
例句：The scientist claims that the new medicine can cure the disease.
这位科学家宣称这种新药可以治愈这种疾病。
21. state that 声明；陈述
例句：The government stated that it would take measures to protect the environment.
政府声明会采取措施保护环境。
22. point out that 指出
例句：The report points out that more than 70% of students have eye problems.
这份报告指出，超过70%的学生有眼部问题。
23. emphasize that 强调
例句：The teacher emphasized that we should finish the homework independently.
老师强调我们应该独立完成作业。
24. stress that 强调
例句：The expert stressed that enough sleep is very important for teenagers.
这位专家强调，充足的睡眠对青少年非常重要。
25. be convinced that 确信；坚信
例句：I am convinced that our dreams will come true one day.
我坚信我们的梦想终有一天会实现。
26. be sure that 确信；肯定
例句：He is sure that he can finish the work ahead of time.
他确信自己能提前完成这项工作。
27. be certain that 确信；确定
例句：We are certain that we can overcome all the difficulties.
我们确定自己能克服所有的困难。
28. doubt that 怀疑；不相信
例句：Many people doubt that the plan can be carried out successfully.
很多人怀疑这个计划能顺利执行。
29. be skeptical about 对……持怀疑态度
例句：Some people are skeptical about the effect of the new method.
一些人对这个新方法的效果持怀疑态度。
30. be critical of 对……持批评态度
例句：The author is critical of the bad behavior of some tourists in the scenic spots.
作者对一些游客在景区的不文明行为持批评态度。
31. be optimistic about 对……持乐观态度
例句：We are optimistic about the future of our country.
我们对国家的未来持乐观态度。
32. be pessimistic about 对……持悲观态度
例句：Some people are pessimistic about the result of the talk.
一些人对这次会谈的结果持悲观态度。
33. be neutral about 对……持中立态度
例句：He is neutral about the argument between the two sides.
他对双方的争论持中立态度。
34. be objective about 对……持客观态度
例句：We should be objective about the advantages and disadvantages of the Internet.
我们应该客观看待互联网的利弊。
35. take a positive attitude towards 对……持积极态度
例句：We should take a positive attitude towards the challenges in our life.
我们应该对生活中的挑战持积极态度。
五、时间范围量化描述短语
1. up to 多达；直到；高达
例句：The new library can hold up to 5000 people at the same time.
这座新图书馆最多可以同时容纳5000人。
2. as many as 多达；和……一样多（接可数名词）
例句：As many as 2000 students took part in the competition this year.
今年多达2000名学生参加了这场比赛。
3. as much as 多达；和……一样多（接不可数名词）
例句：The old man drinks as much as two cups of tea every day.
这位老人每天要喝多达两杯茶。
4. no less than 不少于；多达
例句：No less than 100 people came to the show last night.
昨晚不少于100人来看了这场演出。
5. no more than 仅仅；不超过
例句：The distance between the two schools is no more than 500 meters.
两所学校之间的距离不超过500米。
6. more than 超过；不仅仅；非常
例句：More than 100 countries have taken part in the activity.
超过100个国家参与了这项活动。
7. less than 少于；不到
例句：It took me less than an hour to finish my homework yesterday.
昨天我花了不到一个小时就写完了作业。
8. over 超过；在……之上
例句：Over 300 people attended the meeting last week.
超过300人参加了上周的会议。
9. under 低于；少于；在……之下
例句：The temperature will stay under 10 degrees this week.
这周气温会保持在10度以下。
10. about 大约；关于
例句：About 80% of the students have finished the task on time.
大约80%的学生按时完成了任务。
11. around 大约；在……周围
例句：There are around 200 books in my study now.
我的书房里现在大约有200本书。
12. approximately 大约；近似地
例句：The building is approximately 100 meters high.
这座建筑大约有100米高。
13. roughly 大约；大致上
例句：Roughly 50% of the people agree with the new policy.
大约有50%的人同意这项新政策。
14. nearly 几乎；将近
例句：Nearly all the students passed the final exam.
几乎所有的学生都通过了期末考试。
15. almost 几乎；差不多
例句：He has almost finished reading the whole book.
他几乎已经读完了整本书。
16. most of 大多数的；大部分的
例句：Most of the students in our class like playing basketball.
我们班大多数学生都喜欢打篮球。
17. the majority of 大多数的；大部分的
例句：The majority of people think that the plan is very good.
大多数人都认为这个计划非常好。
18. a minority of 少数的；小部分的
例句：Only a minority of people are against the activity.
只有少数人反对这项活动。
19. a large number of 大量的；许多（接可数名词）
例句：A large number of wild animals are in danger now.
现在大量的野生动物正濒临灭绝。
20. a great deal of 大量的；许多（接不可数名词）
例句：We have spent a great deal of time on this project.
我们在这个项目上已经花了大量的时间。
21. plenty of 大量的；充足的
例句：There is plenty of time for us to prepare for the exam.
我们有充足的时间来准备考试。
22. a lot of 许多；大量
例句：There are a lot of beautiful flowers in the park.
公园里有很多漂亮的花。
23. a number of 许多；若干
例句：A number of new schools have been built in this area in recent years.
最近几年，这个地区建了很多新学校。
24. the number of ……的数量
例句：The number of the students in our school has increased this year.
今年我们学校的学生数量增加了。
25. an average of 平均为
例句：People in this city spend an average of 2 hours on the road every day.
这座城市的人们平均每天在路上花2个小时。
26. at least 至少；起码
例句：You should read English for at least 20 minutes every morning.
你每天早上至少要读20分钟英语。
27. at most 至多；最多
例句：We can stay in the park for at most two hours.
我们最多可以在公园里待两个小时。
28. over the past decade 在过去的十年里
例句：Great changes have taken place in our hometown over the past decade.
在过去的十年里，我们的家乡发生了巨大的变化。
29. in recent years 近年来
例句：In recent years, more and more people have paid attention to environmental protection.
近年来，越来越多的人开始关注环境保护。
30. in the past few years 在过去的几年里
例句：In the past few years, online shopping has become more and more popular.
在过去的几年里，网购变得越来越流行。
31. at the beginning of 在……的开始；在……之初
例句：At the beginning of the new term, we made a new study plan.
新学期伊始，我们制定了新的学习计划。
32. at the end of 在……的尽头；在……结束时
例句：At the end of the meeting, we took a photo together.
会议结束时，我们一起拍了照。
33. by the end of 到……结束时；截止到
例句：We have learned 1000 new words by the end of this term.
截止到这学期末，我们已经学了1000个新单词。
34. throughout the whole process 在整个过程中
例句：He kept calm throughout the whole process of the competition.
在比赛的整个过程中，他都保持着冷静。
35. all the way 一路上；自始至终
例句：He supported me all the way when I was in trouble.
在我陷入困境的时候，他自始至终都支持我。
六、推断结论隐含信号短语
1. it can be inferred from 从……可以推断出
例句：It can be inferred from the passage that the writer is very optimistic about the future.
从文中可以推断出，作者对未来非常乐观。
2. we can infer from 我们可以从……推断出
例句：We can infer from the second paragraph that the man is very kind.
我们可以从第二段推断出，这个男人非常善良。
3. it can be concluded from 从……可以得出结论
例句：It can be concluded from the study that exercise is good for teenagers' health.
从这项研究可以得出结论：运动对青少年的健康有益。
4. we can conclude that 我们可以得出结论
例句：We can conclude that the new method is more effective than the old one.
我们可以得出结论：新方法比旧方法更有效。
5. it suggests that 这表明；这暗示
例句：The result of the experiment suggests that the medicine is very useful.
实验结果表明，这种药非常有效。
6. which suggests that 这表明；这暗示
例句：He refused to talk about the matter, which suggests that he has something to hide.
他拒绝谈论这件事，这表明他有所隐瞒。
7. it indicates that 这表明；这显示
例句：The research indicates that more and more young people like traditional culture.
这项研究显示，越来越多的年轻人喜欢传统文化。
8. which indicates that 这表明；这显示
例句：The trees are growing very well, which indicates that the soil here is very fertile.
这些树长得很好，这表明这里的土壤很肥沃。
9. it implies that 这暗示；这意味着
例句：His words imply that he doesn't agree with the plan.
他的话暗示他并不赞同这个计划。
10. which implies that 这暗示；这意味着
例句：She didn't come to the party, which implies that she is still angry with us.
她没来参加派对，这意味着她还在生我们的气。
11. it can be learned from 从……可以得知
例句：It can be learned from the text that the event happened in 2008.
从文中可以得知，这件事发生在2008年。
12. we can learn from 我们可以从……得知
例句：We can learn from the story that we should never give up easily.
我们可以从这个故事里得知，我们永远不要轻易放弃。
13. it is likely that 很可能
例句：It is likely that it will rain tomorrow according to the weather report.
根据天气预报，明天很可能会下雨。
14. it is probable that 很可能
例句：It is probable that he will win the competition this time.
他很可能会赢得这次的比赛。
15. it is possible that 有可能
例句：It is possible that we will finish the work ahead of time.
我们有可能提前完成这项工作。
16. it is unlikely that 不太可能
例句：It is unlikely that he will change his mind at the last minute.
他不太可能在最后一刻改变主意。
17. tend to 往往会；倾向于
例句：People tend to get tired easily when they stay up late.
人们熬夜的时候，往往会很容易疲惫。
18. be likely to 很可能
例句：If you don't study hard, you are likely to fail the exam.
如果你不努力学习，你很可能会考试不及格。
19. be inclined to 倾向于；易于
例句：She is inclined to believe what her friends say.
她倾向于相信朋友们说的话。
20. be liable to 容易；易于
例句：This kind of plant is liable to die in cold weather.
这种植物在寒冷的天气里很容易死亡。
21. on the basis of 根据；基于
例句：We can make a conclusion on the basis of the data we have collected.
我们可以基于收集到的数据得出结论。
22. according to the data 根据数据
例句：According to the data, the number of the tigers has increased in recent years.
根据数据显示，近年来老虎的数量有所增加。
23. based on the above analysis 基于以上分析
例句：Based on the above analysis, we can see that the plan is feasible.
基于以上分析，我们可以看出这个计划是可行的。
24. from what has been discussed above 通过以上讨论
例句：From what has been discussed above, we can draw a conclusion.
通过以上讨论，我们可以得出一个结论。
25. all the evidence shows that 所有证据都表明
例句：All the evidence shows that he is telling the truth.
所有证据都表明，他说的是实话。
26. it follows that 由此得出；因此
例句：He is good at English, so it follows that he can communicate with foreigners easily.
他英语很好，因此他能轻松地和外国人交流。
27. by implication 含蓄地；暗示地
例句：By implication, his words mean that he doesn't want to help us.
他的话含蓄地表明，他不想帮我们。
28. the conclusion can be drawn that 可以得出结论
例句：The conclusion can be drawn that hard work is the key to success.
我们可以得出结论：努力是成功的关键。
29. it is reasonable to assume that 有理由认为
例句：It is reasonable to assume that he has known the truth.
我们有理由认为，他已经知道了真相。
30. it is safe to say that 可以肯定地说
例句：It is safe to say that this is the best movie I have ever seen.
可以肯定地说，这是我看过的最好的电影。
31. judging from 根据……判断
例句：Judging from his expression, he is very upset about the result.
从他的表情判断，他对这个结果非常沮丧。
32. judging by 根据……判断
例句：Judging by the clothes he wears, he is a very rich man.
从他穿的衣服判断，他是个非常有钱的人。
33. judging from the evidence 根据证据判断
例句：Judging from the evidence, he is not the person who broke the window.
根据证据判断，他不是打碎窗户的人。
34. it turns out that 结果是；原来是
例句：It turns out that the man we met yesterday is our new teacher.
原来我们昨天遇到的那个男人是我们的新老师。
35. it appears that 似乎；看来
例句：It appears that he has already known the result of the exam.
看来他已经知道考试的结果了。
七、举例论证关联短语
1. for example 例如；比如
例句：Some fruits are very rich in vitamin C. For example, oranges and lemons.
一些水果富含维生素C，比如橙子和柠檬。
2. for instance 例如；比如
例句：There are many ways to improve our English. For instance, we can read English every morning.
有很多方法可以提升我们的英语，比如我们可以每天早上读英语。
3. take...as an example 以……为例
例句：Take my deskmate as an example, he has made great progress in English this term.
以我的同桌为例，他这学期在英语上取得了巨大的进步。
4. take...for example 以……为例
例句：Take the Great Wall for example, it is one of the most famous places of interest in China.
以长城为例，它是中国最著名的名胜古迹之一。
5. a good case in point is 一个恰当的例子是
例句：A good case in point is the experience of Zhong Nanshan.
一个恰当的例子就是钟南山的经历。
6. a typical example of this is 关于这一点，一个典型的例子是
例句：A typical example of this is the story of the great scientist Yuan Longping.
关于这一点，一个典型的例子就是伟大科学家袁隆平的故事。
7. such as 例如；比如
例句：We can do many kinds of sports in our free time, such as running, swimming and playing basketball.
我们空闲时间可以做很多种运动，比如跑步、游泳和打篮球。
8. including 包括；包含
例句：There are 50 students in our class, including 25 boys and 25 girls.
我们班有50名学生，包括25个男生和25个女生。
9. as an illustration 作为例证
例句：As an illustration, the teacher gave us a very interesting story.
作为例证，老师给我们讲了一个非常有趣的故事。
10. to illustrate this point 为了说明这一点
例句：To illustrate this point, the author gave us two examples in the third paragraph.
为了说明这一点，作者在第三段给我们举了两个例子。
11. by way of illustration 举例来说
例句：By way of illustration, I will tell you a true story that happened to me.
举例来说，我会给你们讲一个发生在我身上的真实故事。
12. to give an example 举个例子
例句：To give an example, he helped a lot of poor children when he was young.
举个例子，他年轻的时候就帮助了很多贫困儿童。
13. let's take...to illustrate 让我们以……来说明
例句：Let's take this plant to illustrate how photosynthesis works.
让我们以这种植物来说明光合作用是如何运作的。
14. this can be illustrated by 这一点可以通过……来说明
例句：This can be illustrated by the data we have collected in the survey.
这一点可以通过我们在调查中收集到的数据来说明。
15. the example shows that 这个例子表明
例句：The example shows that we should never give up when we face difficulties.
这个例子表明，我们面对困难时永远不要放弃。
16. the story tells us that 这个故事告诉我们
例句：The story tells us that honesty is very important in our daily life.
这个故事告诉我们，诚实在我们的日常生活中非常重要。
17. the case demonstrates that 这个案例证明了
例句：The case demonstrates that teamwork is very important for success.
这个案例证明了团队合作对于成功非常重要。
18. as proof 作为证据
例句：As proof, he showed us the photo he took yesterday.
作为证据，他给我们看了他昨天拍的照片。
19. as evidence 作为证据
例句：As evidence, the scientist showed the result of the experiment.
作为证据，这位科学家展示了实验的结果。
20. to name but a few 仅举几例
例句：There are many famous writers in China, such as Lu Xun, Lao She, Ba Jin, to name but a few.
中国有很多著名的作家，仅举几例，比如鲁迅、老舍、巴金。
21. in particular 尤其；特别
例句：Many students like sports, in particular, playing basketball and football.
很多学生喜欢运动，尤其是打篮球和踢足球。
22. notably 尤其；显著地
例句：Many cities have changed a lot in recent years, notably the capital city.
近年来很多城市都发生了巨大的变化，尤其是省会城市。
23. especially 尤其；特别
例句：I like all kinds of fruits, especially strawberries and watermelons.
我喜欢各种水果，尤其是草莓和西瓜。
24. chiefly 主要地；尤其
例句：The book is written for middle school students, chiefly for Grade 9 students.
这本书是为中学生写的，主要是给九年级的学生。
25. mainly 主要地；大体上
例句：The meeting is mainly about the plan for the new term.
这次会议主要是关于新学期的计划。
26. mostly 主要地；通常
例句：The students in our class are mostly from Hangzhou.
我们班的学生大多来自杭州。
27. in other words 换句话说
例句：He didn't pass the exam. In other words, he failed the exam.
他没有通过考试，换句话说，他考试不及格。
28. that is to say 也就是说
例句：The meeting will be held next Friday, that is to say, we have one week to prepare.
会议将在下周五举行，也就是说，我们有一周的时间准备。
29. to put it another way 换一种说法
例句：To put it another way, we need to work harder than before.
换一种说法，我们需要比以前更努力。
30. by way of example 举例来说
例句：By way of example, we can look at the experience of many successful people.
举例来说，我们可以看看很多成功人士的经历。
31. an example of this is 关于这一点，一个例子是
例句：An example of this is the development of AI technology in recent years.
关于这一点，一个例子就是近年来人工智能技术的发展。
32. as can be seen from 从……可以看出
例句：As can be seen from the chart, the sales have increased a lot this year.
从图表中可以看出，今年的销售额增长了很多。
33. as is shown in 正如……中所示
例句：As is shown in the picture, there are many trees around the lake.
正如图片中所示，湖的周围有很多树。
34. as illustrated in 正如……中说明的
例句：As illustrated in the report, the problem is more serious than we thought.
正如报告中说明的，这个问题比我们想象的更严重。
35. to cite an example 举个例子
例句：To cite an example, the little boy saved the old man's life at the risk of his own.
举个例子，这个小男孩冒着生命危险救了老人的命。
八、题干选项同义替换高频短语
1. play an important role in 在……中起重要作用
例句：Trees play an important role in protecting the environment.
树木在保护环境中起着重要的作用。
2. be vital to 对……至关重要
例句：Enough sleep is vital to teenagers' physical and mental health.
充足的睡眠对青少年的身心健康至关重要。
3. be essential for 对……必不可少
例句：Water is essential for all living things on the earth.
水对地球上所有的生物来说都是必不可少的。
4. play a key part in 在……中起关键作用
例句：Teamwork plays a key part in the success of the project.
团队合作是这个项目成功的关键因素。
5. be responsible for 对……负责；是……的原因
例句：Everyone should be responsible for protecting the environment.
每个人都应该为保护环境负责。
6. take measures to 采取措施做某事
例句：The government has taken measures to reduce air pollution.
政府已经采取措施来减少空气污染。
7. take action to 采取行动做某事
例句：We must take action to protect the wild animals in danger.
我们必须采取行动保护濒临灭绝的野生动物。
8. a great number of 大量的；许多
例句：A great number of people took part in the volunteer activity.
大量的人参加了这次志愿活动。
9. a great many 许多；大量
例句：A great many students have improved their grades through this method.
很多学生通过这个方法提高了成绩。
10. plenty of 大量的；充足的
例句：We have plenty of time to prepare for the final exam.
我们有充足的时间准备期末考试。
11. be good at 擅长；精通
例句：She is good at playing the piano and dancing.
她擅长弹钢琴和跳舞。
12. do well in 在……方面做得好
例句：He does well in all subjects at school.
他在学校里所有科目都学得很好。
13. be fond of 喜欢；喜爱
例句：My grandfather is very fond of fishing by the river.
我的爷爷非常喜欢在河边钓鱼。
14. be keen on 热衷于；喜爱
例句：Many teenagers are keen on playing computer games.
很多青少年热衷于玩电脑游戏。
15. be crazy about 痴迷于；热衷于
例句：She is crazy about English songs and movies.
她痴迷于英文歌曲和电影。
16. be interested in 对……感兴趣
例句：I am very interested in the history of ancient China.
我对中国古代历史非常感兴趣。
17. be harmful to 对……有害
例句：Smoking is harmful to people's lungs.
吸烟对人的肺部有害。
18. be bad for 对……有害；不利于
例句：Staying up late is bad for your health.
熬夜对你的健康有害。
19. do harm to 对……造成伤害
例句：Too much pressure will do harm to students' mental health.
太大的压力会对学生的心理健康造成伤害。
20. be beneficial to 对……有益
例句：Reading more books is beneficial to improving your writing skills.
多读书对提升你的写作能力有益。
21. be good for 对……有益；对……有好处
例句：Doing exercise every day is good for your body.
每天做运动对你的身体有好处。
22. be of benefit to 对……有益
例句：This activity is of great benefit to the students' growth.
这项活动对学生的成长有很大的益处。
23. keep in mind 记住；牢记
例句：We should keep in mind the traffic rules when we go out.
我们出门的时候应该牢记交通规则。
24. bear in mind 记住；牢记
例句：You should bear in mind that honesty is the best policy.
你应该牢记，诚实是最好的准则。
25. take place 发生；举行
例句：The sports meeting will take place next month in our school.
我们学校的运动会将在下个月举行。
26. come about 发生；产生
例句：Can you tell me how the accident came about?
你能告诉我事故是怎么发生的吗？
27. in order to 为了；以便
例句：In order to improve my English, I read English every morning.
为了提高英语，我每天早上都读英语。
28. so as to 为了；以便
例句：She got up early so as to catch the first bus.
她早起是为了赶上第一班公交车。
29. be able to 能够；有能力做
例句：He is able to finish the work by himself.
他能够独自完成这项工作。
30. be capable of 有能力做；能够
例句：She is capable of solving the problem by herself.
她有能力独自解决这个问题。
31. look forward to 期待；盼望
例句：We are looking forward to the coming winter holiday.
我们正期待着即将到来的寒假。
32. come up with 想出；提出
例句：She came up with a good idea to solve the problem.
她想出了一个解决问题的好主意。
33. put forward 提出；推荐
例句：He put forward a new plan at the meeting yesterday.
他在昨天的会议上提出了一个新的计划。
34. keep up with 跟上；不落后于
例句：We should keep up with the development of the times.
我们应该跟上时代的发展。
35. catch up with 赶上；追上
例句：He studied hard to catch up with his classmates.
他努力学习，为了赶上同学们。
九、否定限定&绝对化表述短语
1. by no means 绝不；一点也不
例句：This is by no means the right way to solve the problem.
这绝不是解决问题的正确方法。
2. in no way 绝不；无论如何不
例句：You should in no way give up your dream easily.
你无论如何都不应该轻易放弃自己的梦想。
3. at no time 绝不；从不
例句：At no time should we forget the history of our country.
我们永远都不应该忘记国家的历史。
4. in no case 绝不；在任何情况下都不
例句：In no case should you break the school rules.
在任何情况下你都不应该违反校规。
5. under no circumstances 绝不；无论如何不
例句：Under no circumstances should we lie to our parents.
无论如何我们都不应该对父母撒谎。
6. on no account 绝不；绝对不
例句：On no account should you go swimming in the river alone.
你绝对不应该独自去河里游泳。
7. not...at all 一点也不；根本不
例句：He is not afraid of difficulties at all.
他一点也不害怕困难。
8. not...any more 不再
例句：He doesn't live here any more.
他不再住在这里了。
9. not...any longer 不再
例句：She doesn't work in this company any longer.
她不再在这家公司工作了。
10. no longer 不再
例句：The old man no longer lives in the small village.
这位老人不再住在这个小村庄里了。
11. no more 不再；也不
例句：There is no more water in the bottle.
瓶子里没有水了。
12. neither...nor... 既不……也不……
例句：He neither smokes nor drinks.
他既不抽烟也不喝酒。
13. none of 没有一个；全都不
例句：None of the students in our class was late for school today.
我们班今天没有一个学生上学迟到。
14. nothing but 只有；仅仅
例句：He did nothing but watch TV all day long.
他一整天除了看电视什么也没做。
15. anything but 根本不；绝不
例句：The problem is anything but easy.
这个问题一点也不简单。
16. far from 远非；完全不
例句：What he said is far from the truth.
他说的话完全不是事实。
17. free from 免于；没有；不受……影响
例句：We hope to live in a world free from wars.
我们希望生活在一个没有战争的世界。
18. without 没有；无
例句：We can't live without air and water.
没有空气和水，我们无法生存。
19. lack of 缺乏；缺少
例句：Many people are in poor health because of lack of exercise.
很多人因为缺乏运动，身体状况很差。
20. short of 缺乏；缺少
例句：We are short of water and food in the desert.
在沙漠里，我们缺少水和食物。
21. only 只有；仅仅
例句：Only by studying hard can you get good grades.
只有努力学习，你才能取得好成绩。
22. only if 只有；只要
例句：You can go out to play only if you finish your homework first.
只有你先写完作业，才能出去玩。
23. as long as 只要；和……一样长
例句：As long as you keep trying, you will succeed one day.
只要你坚持尝试，终有一天会成功。
24. all 所有的；全部的
例句：All the students in our class passed the exam.
我们班所有的学生都通过了考试。
25. every 每一个；所有的
例句：Every student should follow the school rules.
每一个学生都应该遵守校规。
26. each 每个；各自
例句：Each of us has a new English book.
我们每个人都有一本新的英语书。
27. both 两者都
例句：Both my father and my mother are teachers.
我的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。
28. whole 全部的；整个的
例句：He spent the whole day reading in the library.
他花了一整天在图书馆看书。
29. total 全部的；总的
例句：The total number of the students in our school is 2000.
我们学校的学生总数是2000人。
30. never 从不；绝不
例句：He is never late for school.
他上学从不迟到。
31. always 总是；一直
例句：She always helps others when they are in trouble.
别人有困难的时候，她总是会帮忙。
32. often 经常；常常
例句：We often play basketball after school.
我们经常放学后打篮球。
33. usually 通常；平常
例句：I usually get up at six o'clock in the morning.
我通常早上六点起床。
34. hardly 几乎不；简直不
例句：He can hardly speak English, can he?
他几乎不会说英语，是吗？
35. seldom 很少；不常
例句：She seldom goes out at night.
她晚上很少出门。
十、篇章主旨&段落衔接短语
1. to sum up 总而言之；综上所述
例句：To sum up, we should protect the environment well for our future.
总而言之，为了我们的未来，我们应该好好保护环境。
2. in summary 总之；概括起来
例句：In summary, the plan is very good and we should carry it out.
概括起来，这个计划非常好，我们应该执行它。
3. in conclusion 最后；总而言之
例句：In conclusion, hard work is the key to success.
总而言之，努力是成功的关键。
4. to conclude 总而言之；最后
例句：To conclude, we should never give up our dreams.
总而言之，我们永远不要放弃自己的梦想。
5. in a word 总之；简言之
例句：In a word, health is more important than anything else.
总之，健康比任何事情都重要。
6. in short 简而言之；总之
例句：In short, we should learn to face difficulties bravely.
简而言之，我们应该学会勇敢面对困难。
7. in brief 简言之；总之
例句：In brief, the book is very worth reading.
简言之，这本书非常值得一读。
8. all in all 总而言之；总的来说
例句：All in all, this is an unforgettable experience for me.
总而言之，这对我来说是一次难忘的经历。
9. on the whole 总的来说；大体上
例句：On the whole, the activity was very successful.
总的来说，这次活动非常成功。
10. by and large 大体上；总的来说
例句：By and large, our life is becoming better and better.
总的来说，我们的生活变得越来越好了。
11. generally speaking 一般来说；总的来说
例句：Generally speaking, girls are more careful than boys.
一般来说，女孩比男孩更细心。
12. in general 总的来说；通常
例句：In general, the weather in spring is very comfortable.
总的来说，春天的天气非常舒服。
13. broadly speaking 大体上来说；广义地说
例句：Broadly speaking, this method is suitable for most students.
大体上来说，这个方法适合大多数学生。
14. first of all 首先；第一
例句：First of all, we must keep safe when we go out.
首先，我们出门的时候必须保证安全。
15. to begin with 首先；一开始
例句：To begin with, we need to make a good plan for the trip.
首先，我们需要为这次旅行制定一个好的计划。
16. in the first place 首先；第一
例句：In the first place, we should finish our homework on time.
首先，我们应该按时完成作业。
17. first and foremost 首要的是；首先
例句：First and foremost, we should protect our eyes when we study.
首要的是，我们学习的时候应该保护好眼睛。
18. in the meantime 与此同时
例句：I was doing my homework. In the meantime, my mom was cooking dinner.
我在写作业，与此同时，妈妈在做晚饭。
19. meanwhile 与此同时；在此期间
例句：The students are studying hard. Meanwhile, the teachers are preparing lessons.
学生们在努力学习，与此同时，老师们在备课。
20. at the same time 同时；然而
例句：We should study hard. At the same time, we should also have enough rest.
我们应该努力学习，同时，我们也应该有充足的休息。
21. besides 此外；而且
例句：The film is very interesting. Besides, its music is very beautiful.
这部电影很有趣，此外，它的配乐也很好听。
22. in addition 此外；另外
例句：We need to finish our homework. In addition, we need to preview the new lesson.
我们需要完成作业，此外，我们还需要预习新课。
23. in addition to 除……之外（还）
例句：In addition to English, we also learn math, Chinese and other subjects.
除了英语，我们还学习数学、语文和其他科目。
24. what's more 而且；更重要的是
例句：The book is very interesting. What's more, it can teach us a lot of things.
这本书很有趣，更重要的是，它能教会我们很多东西。
25. moreover 此外；再者
例句：The house is big and bright. Moreover, it is near the school.
这套房子又大又亮，再者，它离学校很近。
26. furthermore 此外；更进一步来说
例句：This plan is very good. Furthermore, it is easy to carry out.
这个计划非常好，更进一步来说，它很容易执行。
27. last but not least 最后但同样重要的是
例句：Last but not least, we should always be kind to others.
最后但同样重要的是，我们应该永远善待他人。
28. eventually 最终；终于
例句：Eventually, we succeeded in climbing to the top of the mountain.
最终，我们成功爬到了山顶。
29. finally 最终；最后
例句：Finally, he passed the exam through his hard work.
最终，他通过自己的努力通过了考试。
30. ultimately 最终；归根结底
例句：Ultimately, we will become the person we want to be.
最终，我们会成为自己想成为的人。
31. in the end 最后；最终
例句：In the end, all our efforts were rewarded.
最终，我们所有的努力都得到了回报。
32. at last 最后；终于
例句：At last, we found the lost child in the park.
终于，我们在公园里找到了走失的孩子。
33. the main idea of the passage 文章的主旨大意
例句：The main idea of the passage is the importance of protecting the environment.
这篇文章的主旨大意是保护环境的重要性。
34. the best title for the text 文章的最佳标题
例句：Which of the following is the best title for the text?
以下哪一项是文章的最佳标题？
35. the purpose of the text 文章的写作目的
例句：What is the purpose of the writer writing this passage?
作者写这篇文章的目的是什么？
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