考研英语真题长难句攻坚计划|Day80

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考研英语真题长难句攻坚计划|Day80

考研

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考研

英语

长难句分析打卡

必胜

【长难句每日打卡】day 80

2012-2-ReadingPartA-T2-2-6

文章主题：《粉色如何垄断小女孩消费市场》

It was not until the mid-1980s, when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children’s marketing strategy, that pink fully came into its own, when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls, part of what defined them as female, at least for the first few critical years.

词汇：

1.amplify v.扩大、增强

2.dominant adj.占支配地位的、主要的、主导的

3.come into one's own v.得到认可、获得成功

4.inherently adv.固有地

5.female n.女性

6.critical adj.关键的、重要的

HELLO, GRADUATE STUDENT

句子分析

【Step 1】找谓语

·动词 was 时态：一般过去时

·动词 became 时态：一般过去时

·动词短语 came into 时态：一般过去时

·动词 began 时态：一般过去时

·动词 defined 时态：一般过去时

【Step 2】断句

It was not until the mid-1980s, [when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children’s marketing strategy], that pink fully came into its own, [when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls, part of <what defined them as female>, at least for the first few critical years].

解析：本句包含3个从句：1个when引导的非限制性定语从句<有逗号>；1个when引导的时间状语从句；1个what引导的宾语从句。

另外，本句是一个not until的强调句结构：

It is|was not until+强调成分<通常是时间状语>+that+其余未被强调成分.

注意⚠️：强调结构不在原句中充当成分，因此删掉此结构后，可还原原句：

pink didn't fully comeinto its own, [when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls, part of <what defined them as female>, at least for the first few critical years], until the mid-1980s, [when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children’s marketing strategy].

结构：not...until...直到...时候才...

翻译：粉色直到20世纪80年代中期，才开始完全盛行起来。

when引导的非限制性定语从句：

the mid-1980s, [when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children’s marketing strategy]

判断方法：1.位置：在表示时间的名词|代词后<在the mid-1980s后>

when引导的时间状语从句：

pink fully came into its own, [when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls, part of <...>, at least for the first few critical years]

判断方法：

1.位置：⓵在句首：状语，完整句；⓶在句尾：完整句状语；⓷在主谓之间：主语，状语，谓语...；

2.功能：when引导时间状语从句时，从句谓语动词动作可以与主句谓语动词动作同时发生，也可发生在主句谓语动词动作之前或之后

本句中，时间状语从句谓语动词动作发生在主句谓语动词动作之后，即粉色先开始获得成功，之后才开始对女孩产生一种看似固有的吸引力。

what引导的宾语从句：

of<what defined them as female>

判断方法：1.位置：在动词|介词后<在介词of后>。

重点成分标注：

主语：在句首|谓语前

宾语：在动词|介词后

表语：在系动词后

主语：蓝色；谓语：红色；表语：绿色；宾语：紫色；宾补：深蓝

主句：<去掉强调结构的主句>

pinkdidn't fully come intoits own until the mid-1980s.

其中，

1.until the mid-1980s——介宾结构作时间状语。

when引导的非限制性定语从句：

the mid-1980s, [when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children’s marketing strategy]

其中，

1.从句是一个主系表结构，主系表的典型特征是译为“A是B”——因此，判断一句话是不是主系表结构，只需要把其谓语动词译为“是”，通顺即可！即扩大年龄和性别差异是一种主要的儿童营销策略。

2.when指代介词+先行词<即in the mid-1980s>在从句中作时间状语。

when引导的时间状语从句：

[when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls, part of <what defined them as female>, at least for the first few critical years]

其中，

1.part of<what defined them as female>——是名词短语作表语，该结构前省略了主谓【补全：it became part of<what defined them as female>】，因此，省略的原因是与前面began是同一个主语。

2.at least for the first few critical years——介宾结构作时间状语。

what引导的宾语从句：

of <what defined them as female>

其中，

1.what本身在从句中作谓语动词defined的主语。

【Step 3】翻译

本句结构较复杂，翻译时，尽量顺译！

主句：<保留强调结构的主句>

It was not until the mid-1980s...that pink fully came into its own...

翻译：直到20世纪80年代中期，粉色才完全获得成功。

改译：直到20世纪80年代中期，粉色才全面流行或盛行起来。

翻译解释：

根据本句话上文“Girls’ attraction to pink may seem unavoidable, somehow encoded in their DNA, but according to Jo Paoletti, it is not.女性对粉色的青睐看起来似乎是无法避免的，似乎在某种程度上被编码进了她们的DNA。不过，根据乔·帕雷提的说法，情况不是这样的”

即女性不是天生喜欢粉色，是直到20世纪80年代以后资本家开始搞这样的市场营销，粉色才开始流行或盛行起来的。

when引导的非限制性定语从句：

the mid-1980s, [when amplifying age and sex differences became a dominant children’s marketing strategy]

翻译：此时，扩大年龄和性别差异成为一种主要的儿童营销策略。

改译：此时，强化年龄和性别差异成为一种主要的儿童营销策略。

翻译解释：

1.非限制性定语从句通常采取后置译法，即单独成句+重复先行词<in the mid-1980s，这里我把它译为“此时”了>；

2.amplyfy——其本身含义为“扩大，增强”，如果纯纯直译不太符合句意或语境，所以翻译时一定要结合语境，才能翻译出正确的含义<根据语境，其实就是资本家搞营销时，不断给消费者强化年龄和性别的差异，从而达到营销的目的>。

when引导的时间状语从句：

[when it began to seem inherently attractive to girls, part of <what defined them as female>, at least for the first few critical years]

翻译：此后，粉色开始似乎对女孩有着固有的吸引力，并成为定义她们为女性的一部分，至少在头几个关键年份是这样的。

翻译解释：