我在常熟做英语课外辅导这些年，最常被问到的问题是：“陈老师，孩子单词背了，为什么完形填空还是错一片？”“阅读里的词都认识，连成句子就看不懂了。”“作文永远写不出好句子。”
答案往往藏在动词短语里。
在苏州中考英语的题型中，无论是完形、短文填空，还是词汇检测、信息还原与阅读理解，动词短语都是核心失分点。它就像句子的“关节”——关节不灵，整个句子就动不起来。
作为老师，我强调精准积累；作为心理咨询师，我也理解面对庞杂知识点的畏难情绪。所以我把中考核心短语按题型和难度重新整理，每个都配上例句，让孩子在语境里理解，而不是死记硬背。
这份资料一共11类520个短语，我分成三期分享。今天第一期先放4类共200个——课内基础、完形动作链、短文填空搭配、词汇检测。这四类是保底分的基础，地基打牢了，后面才能往上盖。
本期索引
第一类：课内基础达标动词短语
这部分是保底分，考试最常考。短语就像英语的基本功，这些不过关，后面都免谈。
look after 照顾；照料She looks after her little brother when her parents are out.当父母外出时，她照顾她的弟弟。
look for 寻找I am looking for my English book everywhere.我正在到处找我的英语书。
look up 查阅；抬头看You can look up the new word in the dictionary.你可以在字典里查这个新单词。
look through 浏览I usually look through the newspaper after breakfast.我通常早饭后浏览报纸。
look forward to 期待；盼望We are looking forward to the summer holiday.我们正期待着暑假的到来。
take care of 照顾；处理Please take care of your things at school.在学校请照看好你的东西。
take part in 参加He will take part in the sports meeting next week.他下周将参加运动会。
take place 发生；举行The school art festival takes place every spring.学校的艺术节每年春天举行。
take off 脱下；起飞Please take off your coat when you come in. The room is quite warm.进来时请脱下你的外套，房间挺暖和的。
take up 占据；开始从事Playing the piano takes up most of her free time.弹钢琴占据了她大部分空闲时间。
give up 放弃Never give up when you meet difficulties. Ask for help instead.遇到困难时不要放弃，去寻求帮助。
give out 分发；散发The teacher gave out the exam papers to the students.老师把试卷分发给了学生们。
give away 赠送；捐赠She gave away all her old books to the poor children.她把所有旧书都捐给了贫困儿童。
give in 屈服；让步He finally gave in to his parents' advice.他最终听从了父母的建议。
make up 编造；组成；和解She made up a story about why she was late, but nobody believed it.她编了一个迟到的理由，但没人相信。
make progress 取得进步He has made great progress in English this term.这学期他英语进步很大。
make a difference 有影响；起作用Even small acts of kindness can make a difference to someone's life.即使是小小的善举也能对别人的生活产生影响。
make friends with 和……交朋友She is easy to make friends with.她很容易相处。
get up 起床I usually get up at six o'clock in the morning.我通常早上六点起床。
get over 克服；恢复It took her a long time to get over the illness.她花了很长时间才从病中恢复过来。
get on with 与……和睦相处She gets on well with all her classmates.她和所有同学都相处得很好。
get into 陷入；参与Don't get into trouble with the police.不要和警察发生纠纷。
get out of 离开；摆脱He wants to get out of the bad habit of staying up late.他想改掉熬夜的坏习惯。
get used to 习惯于He has got used to the life in the countryside.他已经习惯了农村的生活。
turn on 打开（电器）Please turn on the light when you enter the room.进房间时请开灯。
turn off 关闭（电器）Remember to turn off the TV before you go to bed.睡觉前记得关电视。
turn up 调高音量；出现Please turn up the radio, I can't hear it clearly.请把收音机音量调大，我听不清。
turn down 调低音量；拒绝She turned down his invitation politely.她礼貌地拒绝了他的邀请。
turn into 变成When the temperature drops below zero, water turns into ice.当温度降到零度以下，水就变成冰。
turn to 求助于；转向When you have problems, you can turn to your teacher for help.有问题时，你可以向老师求助。
come true 实现Her dream of becoming a doctor has come true at last.她当医生的梦想终于实现了。
come up with 想出；提出He came up with a good idea at the meeting.他在会上想出了一个好主意。
come across 偶然遇见I came across an old friend when I was walking on Pingjiang Road.我在平江路散步时，偶然遇见了一位老朋友。
come out 出版；出现His new book will come out next month.他的新书下个月出版。
put off 推迟；拖延Because of the heavy rain, we had to put off the school trip to Shanghu Lake.因为大雨，我们不得不推迟去尚湖的学校旅行。
put on 穿上；上演Put on your scarf, it's getting cold outside.戴上围巾，外面变冷了。
put up 张贴；搭建They put up a tent by the river during the camping trip.露营时他们在河边搭了一个帐篷。
put away 把……收起来Please put away your toys after playing.玩完后请把玩具收起来。
put down 放下；记下Put down your pen and listen to me carefully.放下笔，认真听我说。
put out 扑灭；熄灭The firemen put out the fire within half an hour.消防员在半小时内扑灭了火。
cut down 砍倒；削减We shouldn't cut down too many trees.我们不应该砍伐太多树木。
cut off 切断；中断The heavy snow cut off the electricity supply in some areas.大雪切断了一些地区的电力供应。
cut out 删除；删去You can cut out the unimportant parts of the article.你可以删掉文章中不重要的部分。
set up 建立；设立They set up a new library for the village school.他们为那所乡村学校建了一个新图书馆。
set out 出发；启程They set out early in the morning to climb Yushan Mountain.他们一大早就出发去爬虞山了。
fix up 修理；装饰My father fixed up my broken bike yesterday.我爸爸昨天修好了我坏了的自行车。
cheer up 使振奋；使高兴The good news cheered up all of us.这个好消息使我们所有人都振奋起来。
call up 打电话给I will call you up when I get home.我到家后会给你打电话。
hand in 上交；提交Please hand in your homework on time.请按时交作业。
hand out 分发The teacher handed out the new textbooks on the first day of school.老师在开学第一天分发了新课本。
第二类：完形填空人物动作动词短语
完形填空常考一连串动作描写。我上课时常跟学生说：你读这些短语时，脑子里要像放电影一样，看见那个动作。
walk across 穿过；走过She walked across the stone bridge carefully, just like crossing the old bridge on Pingjiang Road.她小心地走过那座石桥，就像走过平江路上的古桥一样。
run after 追赶；追逐The dog is running after a cat in the yard.狗正在院子里追一只猫。
jump over 跳过He jumped over the small puddle easily.他轻松地跳过了那个小水坑。
climb up 爬上The boy climbed up the tree to get his kite back.男孩爬上树去取回他的风筝。
bend down 弯腰；蹲下She bent down to pick up the pen on the floor.她弯腰捡起了地板上的钢笔。
reach out 伸出手He reached out for the book on the top shelf.他伸手去够书架最上层的书。
pick up 捡起；拾起She picked up the broken glass from the ground carefully.她小心地捡起了地上的碎玻璃。
hold up 举起；抬起He held up his hand to ask a question in class.他在课堂上举手提问。
pull out 拉出；掏出He pulled out a letter from his schoolbag.他从书包里掏出一封信。
push in 推进；塞入She pushed the key into the lock and opened the door.她把钥匙插进锁孔，转动了一下，门开了。
knock at 敲（门、窗）Someone is knocking at the door. Can you go and see who it is?有人在敲门。你能去看看是谁吗？
throw away 扔掉；丢弃Don't throw away the old newspapers. They can be recycled.不要扔掉旧报纸，它们可以回收。
catch hold of 抓住；握住The little girl caught hold of her mother's hand tightly in the crowd.人群中小女孩紧紧抓住了妈妈的手。
let go of 放开；松开Let go of the rope, or you will fall.松开绳子，否则你会掉下去。
lift up 举起；提起He lifted up the heavy suitcase with both hands.他用双手提起了那个沉重的行李箱。
rush out 冲出去The children rushed out of the classroom the moment the bell rang.铃声一响，孩子们就冲出了教室。
hurry into 匆忙进入She hurried into the classroom, afraid of being late.她匆忙跑进教室，生怕迟到。
wander around 四处闲逛On weekends, I like to wander around the old streets of Changshu.周末，我喜欢在常熟的老街上四处逛逛。
slide down 滑下来The children slid down the slide one by one, laughing happily.孩子们一个接一个从滑梯上滑下来，开心地笑着。
roll over 翻滚The little dog rolled over and asked for a belly rub.那只小狗翻了个身，求摸摸肚子。
stretch out 伸展；伸出He stretched out his arms and gave a big yawn.他伸了个大大的懒腰，打了个哈欠。
fold up 折叠起来She folded up the clean clothes and put them in the drawer.她把干净的衣服叠好放进抽屉。
tear up 撕碎；撕毁He was so angry that he tore up the letter.他气得把信撕碎了。
tie up 绑起来；系好Tie up the package with a strong string.用一根结实的绳子把包裹系好。
hang up 挂起来She hung up her coat on the hook behind the door.她把外套挂在门后的钩子上。
wipe out 擦干净Please wipe out the whiteboard after class.课后请把白板擦干净。
sweep up 打扫干净He swept up the fallen leaves in the yard.他把院子里的落叶扫干净了。
mop up 用拖把拖干净She mopped up the spilled milk on the kitchen floor.她用拖把拖干了厨房地上的牛奶。
tidy up 整理；收拾Please tidy up your room before you go out. A clean space helps you think clearly.出门前请整理好你的房间。整洁的空间有助于思路清晰。
dig up 挖出；掘起They dug up some interesting facts about the history of Changshu.他们挖掘出了一些关于常熟历史的有趣事实。
pour into 倒入She poured the hot water into the teapot slowly.她慢慢地把热水倒进茶壶。
chew up 嚼碎Chew up the food completely before you swallow it.食物完全嚼碎再咽下去。
swallow down 吞下He swallowed down the bitter medicine with a glass of warm water.他用一杯温水把苦药吞了下去。
blow out 吹灭；吹熄She made a wish and blew out all the candles on her birthday cake.她许了个愿，吹灭了生日蛋糕上的所有蜡烛。
breathe in 吸入Breathe in the fresh morning air. It's good for your lungs.吸入早晨的新鲜空气，对肺有好处。
breathe out 呼出Breathe out slowly through your mouth.用嘴慢慢呼出。
laugh at 嘲笑；因……发笑Don't laugh at others when they make mistakes. We all learn from mistakes.别人犯错时不要嘲笑他们。我们都会从错误中学习。
cry out 大声哭喊The little boy cried out for his mother when he fell off his bike.小男孩从自行车上摔下来时，哭着喊妈妈。
shout out 大声喊出He couldn't help shouting out the answer in class.他忍不住在课堂上大声喊出了答案。
whisper to 对……低声说She whispered to me that she was nervous about the coming exam.她低声对我说，她对即将到来的考试感到紧张。
nod at 朝……点头He nodded at me with a smile when he saw me.他看到我时微笑着朝我点了点头。
shake one's head 摇头She shook her head and said, "I'm afraid I can't agree."她摇了摇头说：“恐怕我不能同意。”
wave to 向……挥手Waving goodbye to her parents, she got on the bus to school.她向父母挥手告别，上了去学校的公交车。
point at 指着；指向It is impolite to point at others with your finger.用手指着别人是不礼貌的。
scratch one's head 挠头He scratched his head, trying to think of an answer.他挠了挠头，努力想一个答案。
hug tightly 紧紧拥抱Seeing her mother at the station, she ran forward and hugged her tightly.在车站见到妈妈，她跑上前去紧紧拥抱了她。
bow to 向……鞠躬At the end of the performance, the actors bowed to the audience.表演结束时，演员们向观众鞠躬致谢。
drive away 开车离开He waved one last time and then drove away.他最后一次挥手，然后开车离开了。
ride on 骑在……上The little boy is riding on his father's shoulders, looking around happily.小男孩骑在爸爸的肩膀上，开心地四处张望。
glance at 瞥一眼She glanced at her watch and realized she was almost late.她瞥了一眼手表，发现快迟到了。
第三类：短文填空固定搭配动词短语
苏州中考短文填空题的核心考点之一，盲填缺介词和连词的分数，往往就藏在这些固定搭配里。
be good at 擅长She is not only good at the piano but also at the violin.她不仅擅长钢琴，还擅长小提琴。
be interested in 对……感兴趣I was never interested in history until I visited the Changshu Museum.在参观常熟博物馆之前，我对历史从不感兴趣。
be afraid of 害怕The little girl was afraid of speaking in front of the class.这个小女孩害怕在全班面前发言。
be proud of 为……骄傲Your parents must be very proud of your progress this year.你的父母一定为你今年的进步感到非常骄傲。
be responsible for 对……负责Everyone should be responsible for protecting our local rivers.每个人都应该为保护我们本地的河流负责。
be famous for 因……而出名Suzhou is famous for its silk and classical gardens.苏州因丝绸和古典园林而闻名。
be known as 作为……而出名Changshu is known as a city of culture and history.常熟作为一座文化历史名城而闻名。
be different from 与……不同Life in the countryside is very different from life in the city center.乡村生活与市中心的生活大不相同。
be similar to 与……相似Your new hairstyle is quite similar to mine.你的新发型和我的挺相似。
be strict with sb. 对某人严格Our teacher is very strict with us about handwriting.我们的老师对我们的书写要求很严格。
be strict in sth. 对某事严格We must be strict in our daily study habits.我们必须在日常学习习惯上严格要求自己。
be angry with sb. 生某人的气Mom was angry with me not because I failed, but because I didn't try my best.妈妈生我的气不是因为我失败了，而是因为我没有尽力。
be busy with 忙于My parents are always busy with their work.我的父母总是忙于工作。
be late for 迟到I was late for school this morning because of the heavy traffic on Haiyu Road.今天早上因为海虞路堵车，我上学迟到了。
be ready for 为……做好准备After months of review, I felt ready for the exam.经过数月的复习，我觉得为考试做好了准备。
be full of 充满The classroom was full of laughter and joy.教室里充满了欢声笑语。
be filled with 充满The bottle was filled with fresh orange juice.瓶子里装满了新鲜的橙汁。
be covered with 被……覆盖In winter, Yushan Mountain is sometimes covered with a thin layer of snow.冬天，虞山有时会被一层薄雪覆盖。
be made of 由……制成（看得出原材料）This beautiful fan is made of bamboo and silk.这把漂亮的扇子是由竹子和丝绸制成的。
be made from 由……制成（看不出原材料）Paper is made from wood.纸是由木材制成的。
be popular with 受……欢迎This singer is very popular with teenagers.这位歌手很受青少年欢迎。
be satisfied with 对……满意The teacher was satisfied with our group presentation.老师对我们的小组展示很满意。
be worried about 对……感到担心I am a little worried about the P.E. test next week.我有点担心下周的体育测试。
be nervous about 对……感到紧张Many students feel nervous about the final exam.许多学生对期末考试感到紧张。
be curious about 对……好奇Young children are naturally curious about everything.年幼的孩子自然地对一切都很好奇。
be crazy about 对……痴迷My brother is crazy about playing basketball. He plays it every day.我弟弟对打篮球很痴迷，他每天都打。
be fond of 喜爱My grandmother is very fond of growing flowers and plants.我的奶奶非常喜欢种花养草。
be tired of 厌倦I am tired of the same routine every day. Let's try something new!我厌倦了每天那一套。让我们试试新事物吧！
be harmful to 对……有害Spending too much time on mobile phones is harmful to your eyesight.花太多时间在手机上对你的视力有害。
be good for 对……有益Walking after dinner is good for your digestion.饭后散步对你的消化有好处。
be bad for 对……有害Eating too much junk food is definitely bad for your health.吃太多垃圾食品绝对对你的健康有害。
be able to 能够After years of learning, she is able to communicate in English fluently.经过多年的学习，她能够流利地用英语交流了。
be willing to 愿意I am always willing to help you if you have any questions.如果你有任何问题，我总是愿意帮助你。
be supposed to 应该；被期望As students, we are supposed to follow the school rules.作为学生，我们应该遵守校规。
be about to 即将I was about to leave when the phone rang.我正打算出门时，电话响了。
be born with 天生具有She was born with a talent for music.她天生具有音乐天赋。
be faced with 面对During the pandemic, we were faced with many challenges but we got through them together.疫情期间，我们面临许多挑战，但我们一起走过来了。
devote oneself to 致力于；献身于He devoted himself to teaching in the village for over thirty years.他三十多年如一日，献身于乡村教学。
stick to 坚持If you stick to your dream, one day you will make it come true.如果你坚持你的梦想，总有一天你会实现它。
pay attention to 注意；关注Please pay attention to the spelling of this word. It's a common mistake.请注意这个单词的拼写，这是一个常见错误。
be used to doing 习惯于做某事Living here for ten years, she is used to the rainy weather in the south.住在这里十年，她已经习惯了南方的多雨天气。
adapt to 适应It took me some time to adapt to the faster pace of junior high school.我花了一些时间来适应初中更快的节奏。
belong to 属于Remember, this classroom belongs to all of us, so keep it clean.记住，这间教室属于我们所有人，请保持干净。
lead to 导致；通向Lack of exercise can lead to health problems.缺乏锻炼会导致健康问题。
agree with sb. 同意某人的观点I completely agree with you on this point.在这一点上，我完全同意你的看法。
agree on sth. 就某事达成一致After a long discussion, we finally agreed on a plan.经过长时间的讨论，我们终于就一个计划达成了一致。
begin with 以……开始Let's begin our class with an English song.让我们以一首英文歌开始今天的课。
end up with 以……结束The wonderful party ended up with a group dance.这场精彩的派对以一支集体舞结束。
die of 死于（内因，如疾病、年老）In the past, many people died of hunger.过去，许多人死于饥饿。
die from 死于（外因，如事故、受伤）He almost died from a serious car accident last year.去年他差点死于一场严重的车祸。
第四类：词汇检测高频动词短语
苏州中考词汇检测题要求根据中文或首字母写出正确的词形。下面这些短语背后的动词和介词，在词汇检测中反复出现，务必掌握精准拼写和搭配。
depend on 依靠Whether we go for a picnic or not d_____ on the weather. (depends)我们是否去野餐取决于天气。
laugh at 嘲笑It's not right to l_____ at others when they are in trouble. (laugh)别人在困境中时嘲笑他们是不对的。
come true 实现I believe your dream will c_____ true one day if you work hard. (come)我相信只要你努力，梦想总有一天会实现。
ask for help 寻求帮助When you are lost, don't be afraid to a_____ the police for help. (ask)迷路时，不要害怕向警察求助。
hear from 收到……的来信I look forward to h_____ from you in the near future. (hearing)我期待在不远的将来收到你的来信。
wait for 等待I'll be at the school gate, w_____ for you after class. (waiting)放学后我会在校门口等你。
pick up 捡起；接某人；（偶然）学会He p_____ up some Suzhou dialect while living with his grandparents. (picked)他和祖父母住在一起时学会了一些苏州话。
give up 放弃"Never g_____ up!" the coach shouted to the tired players. (give)“永不放弃！”教练对疲惫的队员们喊道。
turn off / turn on 关掉 / 打开Please remember to t_____ off the computer before you leave the lab. (turn)离开实验室前请记得关掉电脑。
take off 脱下；起飞It's hot inside. You'd better t_____ off your sweater. (take)里面很热。你最好把毛衣脱掉。
put on 穿上；上演；增加体重She p_____ on her glasses to read the fine print. (put)她戴上眼镜看那小字。
look after 照顾；照料Could you help me l_____ after my pet cat while I'm away? (look)我不在的时候你能帮我照顾我的宠物猫吗？
look for 寻找What are you l_____ for? I can help you find it. (looking)你在找什么？我可以帮你找。
look up 查阅If you meet a new word, you can l_____ it up in a dictionary or ask me. (look)遇到生词，你可以查字典或问我。
take part in 参加（活动）We are all excited to t_____ part in the school sports meeting. (take)我们都为参加学校运动会而兴奋。
get on with 与……相处How do you g_____ on with your new deskmate? (get)你和你的新同桌相处得怎么样？
pay attention to 注意P_____ attention to the teacher's instructions before the experiment. (Pay)实验前请注意老师讲解的操作规范。
be proud of 为……而自豪I am very p_____ of being a student in this school. (proud)我为自己是这所学校的学生而自豪。
be good at 擅长She is not only g_____ at dancing, but also a top student. (good)她不仅擅长跳舞，还是尖子生。
be interested in 对……感兴趣Are you i_____ in Chinese traditional culture? (interested)你对中国传统文化感兴趣吗？
make a contribution to 为……做贡献We can all m_____ a contribution to making our city greener. (make)我们都能为建设更绿色的城市做贡献。
learn from 向……学习We should l_____ from our past mistakes and avoid them next time. (learn)我们应该从过去的错误中学习，下回避免。
keep in touch with 与……保持联系We promise to k_____ in touch with each other after graduation. (keep)我们承诺毕业后互相保持联系。
do well in 在……方面做得好With careful preparation, you will d_____ well in the coming exam. (do)认真准备，你会在即将到来的考试中考好的。
devote oneself to 致力于；献身于The scientist d_____ himself to space research all his life. (devoted)那位科学家一生致力于太空研究。
get used to 习惯于I have g_____ used to the school lunch already. (got)我已经习惯了学校的午餐。
belong to 属于Does this notebook b_____ to you? I found it on the desk. (belong)这个笔记本是你的吗？我在桌子上发现的。
make up one's mind 下定决心After thinking it over, I've m_____ up my mind to study abroad. (made)再三考虑后，我下定决心出国留学。
keep away from 远离K_____ away from the river! It's very dangerous! (Keep)离那条河远点！非常危险！
stay up late 熬夜Don't s_____ up late the night before an important exam. (stay)重要考试的前一晚别熬夜。
attend to 处理；照顾I can't go out now; I have some urgent matters to a_____ to. (attend)我现在不能出去，有些急事要处理。
care for 照顾；喜欢Who will c_____ for the children when you are away? (care)你不在时谁来照顾孩子们？
catch up with 赶上You missed a few classes, but I'm sure you can c_____ up with us soon. (catch)你缺了几节课，但我相信你很快能赶上我们。
come up with 想出；提出Who can c_____ up with a better solution to this problem? (come)谁能针对这个问题提出更好的解决方案？
consist of 由……组成The study group c_____ of six students from different classes. (consists)这个学习小组由来自不同班级的六名学生组成。
die down 逐渐平息；消失After hours of strong wind, it finally began to d_____ down. (die)几个小时的狂风之后，风终于渐渐平息了。
figure out 弄明白；解决I still can't f_____ out how to solve this math problem. (figure)我还是弄不明白怎么解这道数学题。
go through 经历；翻阅She has g_____ through hard times, but she never lost hope. (gone)她经历过艰难的时光，但从未失去希望。
hand in 上交Our teacher reminded us to h_____ in our reports by Friday. (hand)老师提醒我们周五前把报告交上去。
hold up 举起；阻挡Sorry I'm late, I was h_____ up by the traffic on the way. (held)抱歉我迟到了，路上被堵了一会儿。
look forward to 期待We all l_____ forward to the school trip next month. (look)我们都期待着下个月的学校旅行。
result in 导致The heavy rain r_____ in serious flooding in the city. (resulted)暴雨导致了该市的严重内涝。
run out of 用完；耗尽We are r_____ out of paper. Please bring some more. (running)我们的纸快用完了。请再拿一些来。
show off 炫耀He doesn't like to s_____ off, even though he is very talented. (show)他不喜欢炫耀，尽管他很有才华。
stand for 代表The letters "PRC" s_____ for the People's Republic of China. (stand)字母“PRC”代表中华人民共和国。
take care of 照顾；照料We should t_____ good care of the old and the young. (take)我们应该照顾好老人和孩子。
think highly of 高度评价The head teacher t_____ highly of our performance in the play. (thought)班主任高度评价了我们在话剧中的表现。
warm up 热身；暖和起来Let's do some stretching to w_____ up before running. (warm)跑步前，我们做些拉伸来热身吧。
work out 算出；制定出；锻炼As a team, we need to w_____ out a better plan. (work)作为一个团队，我们需要制定出一个更好的计划。
write down 写下；记下W_____ down the key points while listening to the talk. (Write)听讲座时把要点记下来。
第一期小结
以上是第一期的4类共200个动词短语——课内基础、完形动作链、短文填空搭配、词汇检测。这些是英语基础分的“压舱石”，建议先吃透这些，再进入下一期。
下期预告： 第二期将分享第5-7类，共135个——信息还原、阅读理解、介词陷阱，这三类直接对应苏州中考的核心题型。关注 《陈岚思维英语》 ，别错过下期更新。
我是陈岚，我在常熟。感谢阅读，我们下期见。
