Hi,大家好!今天来分享一下初中英语中非常重要的一个语法点—宾语从句,希望能够帮到大家。
一、基本概念
宾语从句:
在复合句中,用一个完整的句子,来充当主句的宾语,这个作宾语的从句,就叫宾语从句。
三大核心:引导词 + 陈述语序 + 时态
二、引导词
1. that
陈述句演变,无词义、不充当成分,常可省略。
例:I think (that) you are right.
2. if / whether
表“”是否”
只能用whether四种情况:
① 后有 or not
② 接不定式 whether to do
③ 介词后面
She worries about whether she can pass the exam.
④discuss 动词后
We discussed whether we should have a meeting.
①,②为固定搭配,③ ,④不能用if,因为if有“如果”的意思,容易产生歧义,直接用whether。
3. 特殊疑问词
what/who/where/when/why/how 等,有实义,不可省略。
三、语序(必考)
✅ 唯一公式:引导词 + 主语 + 谓语(陈述语序)
❌ 严禁倒装,不能用疑问语序
错:Could you tell me where is the shop?
对:Could you tell me where the shop is?
四、时态(必考)
1. 主句:一般现在时
→ 从句时态不限,按事实选用。
(主现从现)
2. 主句:一般过去时
→ 从句统一变为过去类时态
will→would / can→could / is→was
(主过从过)
3. 客观真理、自然常识
从句永远用一般现在时,不受主句影响。
例:He said the earth goes around the sun.
4. 高频易漏考点:委婉请求句型
Could you tell me…?
Would you please…?
这里的 could/would 是委婉客气,不是过去时
👉 后面宾语从句用一般现在时
五、特殊高频考点
1. 否定前移
think / believe / suppose / guess
否定放主句,从句用肯定
例:I don’t think he is wrong.
2. 形式宾语 it
find/feel/think/make + it + adj. + 从句
例:I find it easy that I learn English.
3. 禁止双重引导词
不能连用 that+if / that+whether
宾语从句专项练习
1. I wonder ______ he will come tomorrow.
A. that B. if C. what
2. Could you tell me ______?
A. where is the bank
B. where the bank is
C. where the bank was
3. He said that the moon ______ around the earth.
A. go B. goes C. went
4. I don’t know ______ or not he likes music.
A. if B. whether C. that
5. She thinks ______ she can finish her homework on time.
A. / B. what C. how
6. My father asked me ______ I was late for school.
A. why B. that C. when is
7. We found ______ very important to learn English well.
A. that B. it C. this
8. I ______ think he ______ right.
A. not; is B. don’t; is C. don’t; isn’t
9. He didn’t know ______ his friend would arrive.
A. when will B. when would his friend C. when
10. I want to know ______ he will go there by bus.
A. that B. if C. what
答案+解析
1. 答案:B
解析:if 表“是否”,符合句意。
2. 答案:B
解析:宾从用陈述语序;Could 表委婉请求,不是过去时,从句用一般现在时。
3. 答案:B
解析:客观真理,从句永远用一般现在时。
4. 答案:B
解析:固定搭配 whether…or not,只能用whether。
5. 答案:A
解析:that引导陈述句宾从,可省略。
6. 答案:A
解析:why 表原因;C选项语序错误。
7. 答案:B
解析:固定结构:find + it + adj. + to do/从句,it作形式宾语。
8. 答案:B
解析:think 否定前移,主句否定,从句肯定。
9. 答案:C
解析:when 引导宾从,后接陈述语序;A、B语序错误。
10. 答案:B
解析:if 译为“是否”,贴合语境。
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