难点:特殊词性转换(如名词→动词的形态变化)
【中考链接】(2024·浙江)We should ______ (deep) our understanding of environmental protection.
答案:deepen
理由:deep为形容词,需转换为动词形式deepen,类似还有wide→widen。
难点:被动句是否需要保留动作执行者
【中考链接】(2024·江苏)The letter ______ (send) to the wrong address yesterday.
答案:was sent
理由:被动语态中若无需强调执行者(如已知或无关),可省略 by 短语,学生常误加。
难点:since 引导的时间状语要求主句用完成时
【中考链接】(2022·上海)He ______ (be) a teacher since he ______ (graduate) in 2010.
答案:has been; graduated
理由:since 后接过去时间点,主句需用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。
难点:动名词短语作主语时谓语动词用单数
【中考链接】(2024·山东)Reading books ______ (help) improve my writing skills.
答案:helps
理由:动名词作主语视为单数。
难点:either...or.../not only...but also...结构中的谓语形式
【中考链接】2022年湖北卷
Either the students or the teacher ______ (be) responsible for the project.
答案:is
理由:就近原则,谓语动词与teacher一致。
难点:区分which/where/why在从句中的用法
【中考链接】(2024·天津)He visited the museum, ______ (which/where) he saw many ancient tools.
答案:where
理由:先行词museum在从句中作地点状语,需用where。
难点:不规则动词的过去分词形式(如write-written)
【中考链接】(2021·广东)The report ______ (write) by the expert will be published next week.
答案:written
理由:过去分词表被动,write的过去分词为written。
难点:主从句时态呼应(如if引导的条件句、过去式的句子)
【中考链接】(2023·浙江)She said she ______ (finish) her homework before going out.
答案:had finished
理由:主句为过去时,从句动作发生在主句之前,需用过去完成时。
难点:数词+名词单数构成形容词作定语
【中考链接】(2023·河南)The ______ (twelve-year-old) boy won the chess competition.
答案:twelve-year-old
理由:复合形容词中名词用单数,且整体作定语。
难点:see/hear sb. do与doing的语义差异
【中考链接】(2024·四川)I saw the girl ______ (pick) flowers in the garden when I passed by.
答案:picking
理由:see sb. doing强调动作进行,此处需现在分词作宾补。
难点:复合名词中作定语的名词单复数选择
【中考链接】1.(2024·山东)We need to buy some ______ (tooth) brushes.
答案:tooth
理由:一般来说,名词作定语通常用单数形式。
【中考链接】2.(2024·北京)The organization provides training for ______ (woman) doctors in rural areas.
答案:women
理由:本题具有特殊性,当woman作定语修饰复数名词时,应使用复数形式women,且不加所有格形式。
【中考链接】(2023·江苏)He gave me some useful ______ (advice) on how to prepare for the exam.
答案:advice
理由:advice为不可数名词,不可加复数或冠词,类似的不可数名词还有news,information, furniture等。
难点:集合名词作主语时谓语动词的单复数判断
难点:判断集体名词作整体或个体时的单复数
【中考链接】1.(2023·北京)The police ______ (be) searching for the lost child in the forest now.
【中考链接】2.(2024·陕西)The class ______ (be) taking notes when the teacher came in.
答案:1. are; 2. were
理由:class指班级成员时用复数;police为集合名词,指“多个警察”时谓语用复数,类似还有people/cattle。
难点:基数词与序数词在具体语境中的转换及量词结构
【中考链接】(2022·江苏)Three ______(hundred) of the students passed the exam.
答案:hundred
理由:在表示“……中的……百”时,可以使用“数字+hundred+of+限定词+名词”的结构。
难点:特殊词与数词搭配特例
【中考链接】(2022·山东)I have a few ______ (hundred ) dollars in my wallet.
答案:hundred
理由:当使用several(几个)或a few(一些)等表示不确定数量的词时,hundred仍保持单数形式。
难点:同根词在不同语境中的词性选择(如high/highly)
【中考链接】(2022·上海)The plane flew ______ (high) in the sky, making the view look like a painting.
答案:high
理由:high作副词时表具体高度,highly表抽象程度(如highly praised)。
难点:需同时判断动作发生时间、与主语的被动关系
【中考链接】(2024·江苏)The novel ______ (write) by Hemingway in 1952 is still popular today.
答案:written
理由:考查非谓语作定语,write与novel是被动关系且已完成,用过去分词。
难点:否定词置于句首时主谓倒装结构
【中考链接】(2023·浙江卷)Not until yesterday ______ (he realize) the importance of time management.
答案:did he realize
理由:Not until位于句首,主句用部分倒装(助动词+主语+动词原形)。
难点:判断“of+名词所有格”的适用场景
【中考链接】
1.(2024·北京)This is a photo of ______ (Mr. Wang) when he was 20 years old.
2.(2022·天津)This is a friend of ______ (my). She works in a hospital.
答案:1. Mr. Wang’s2. mine
理由:1. 强调“属于Mr. Wang的多张照片中的一张”,需用双重所有格;2. 双重所有格需用名词性物主代词,强调“我的众多朋友之一”。
难点:识别隐含虚拟条件(wish/as if引导的从句)
【中考链接】(2021·上海)The old man talked about his youth as if he ______ (be) a young man again.
答案:were
理由:as if引导非真实情况,be动词用were。
难点:虚拟语气的使用
【中考链接】(2024·天津)It’s high time we ______ (take) some measures to protect the endangered species.
答案:took/should take
理由:考查“It’s high time that...”结构。该结构后接从句时,谓语动词需用一般过去时或“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气。
难点:区分“倍数+as...as”/“倍数+比较级+than”/“倍数+the size of”
【中考链接】(2024·天津)This river is three times ______ (long) than that one.
答案:longer
理由:倍数+比较级+than结构,long比较级为longer。
难点:在完成时中判断动词性质
【中考链接】(2023·河南)The movie ______ (begin) for ten minutes when we arrived.
答案:had been on
理由:begin是瞬间动词,需转换为be on表持续。
难点:介词后的动名词需考虑被动关系
【中考链接】(2024·山东)He left without ______ (give) a chance to explain.
答案:being given
理由:without是介词,后接动名词,且he与give是被动关系。
难点:需熟记高频动词短语的介词搭配
【中考链接】(2024·广东)We should pay more attention to ______ (protect) endangered animals.
答案:protecting
理由:pay attention to为固定搭配,to为介词,后接动名词作宾语。
难点:集合名词、分数/百分数修饰主语时的谓语形式
【中考链接】(2023·北京)Three fifths of the earth’s surface ______ (cover) by water.
答案:is covered
理由:分数作主语时,谓语动词由of后的名词(surface不可数)决定单复数。
难点:短语动词在被动语态中的拆分问题
【中考链接】(2024·江苏)The old traditions should ______ (pass) down to the next generation.
答案:be passed
理由:此处指的是旧的传统被传递到下一代。
难点:识别无than但含比较意义的句子
【中考链接】(2024·浙江)This is ______ (good) movie I have ever seen.
答案:the best
理由:最高级常隐含比较范围(如ever seen)。
难点:主句与条件从句的时态呼应
【中考链接】(2023·上海)If it ______ (rain) tomorrow, we will put off the picnic.
答案:rains
理由:真实条件句遵循“主将从现”原则。
难点:否定转移句型的反义疑问形式
【中考链接】(2024·湖北)He never said he would come, ______ (do) he?
答案:did
理由:否定词never出现在主句,反义疑问句与主句谓语said时态呼应。
难点:含介词的动词短语在被动语态中需保留介词
【中考链接】(2024·山东)The problem ______ (pay) special attention to by the teacher yesterday.
答案:was paid
理由:pay attention to 的被动结构需保留to,且时态需与yesterday。