初中英语中考语法项目表(现行最新版)
一、词类
(一)、名词
(1)可数名词及其单、复数
(2)不可数名词
(3)专有名词
(4)名词所有格
(二)、动词
(1)动词的基本形式
(2)及物动词和不及物动词
(3)系动词
(4)助动词
(5)情态动词
(三)、形容词
1.形容词的基本形式
2.形容词的比较级和最高级
(四)、副词
1.副词的基本形式
2.副词的比较级和最高级
(五)、代词
(1)人称代词
(2)物主代词
(3)反身代词
(4)指示代词
(5)不定代词
(6)疑问代词
(六)、数词
(1)基数词
(2)序数词
(七)、介词和介词短语
(八)、连词
(九)、冠词
+(十)、.感叹词
二、构词法
(一)、合成法
(二)、派生法
(三)、转化法
+(四)、缩写和简写
三、句法
(一)、句子种类
1.陈述句
2.疑问句
①一般疑问句
②特殊疑问句
③选择疑问句
3.祈使句
4.感叹句
(二)、简单句的基本句型
(1)主谓(主语+动词,下同)(SV)
The bus is coming
(2)主(系)表(SP)
Amy is helpful
(3)主谓宾(SVO)
John opened the door
(4)主谓宾宾(SVOO)
Grandpa bought me a new dictionary
(5)主谓宾补(SVOC)
Most students have found online learning necessary
(6)存现句
There is a tree behind the shop
(三)、谓语动词的时态
①一般现在时
②一般过去时
③一般将来时
④现在进行时
⑤过去进行时
⑥现在完成时
(四)、被动语态
1.一般现在时的被动语态
2.一般过去时的被动语态
3.一般将来时的被动语态
(五)、动词的非谓语形式
1.动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语、目的状语)
+2.动词的-ing形式
+3.动词的-ed形式
(六)、并列复合句
(七)、主从复合句
1.宾语从句
2.状语从句
3.关系从句(亦称“定语从句”)能辨认出由 that, which, who引导的限定性定语从句,并能理解句子意思。)
+(八)、主谓一致
注:本语法项目表中标有“+”的条目为仅作理解要求的三级语法项目(考试不作考核)
注2:中考英语的语法项目只考以上项目,如没有的项目则中考不会考核。
初中英语10大词类详解+用法+考点,
英语语法最最基础的就是词性,没词性,无语法
分类:词类又叫词性,英语单词根据其在句子中的功用,可以分成十个大类。
1.名词noun 缩写n。如: student 学生(初高中英语李老师:15191416900 (同微)
2.代词pronoun 缩写pron. 如:you 你(人称) our 我们的(物主)
3.形容词adjective 缩写adj. 如:happy 高兴的 常做表语定语补语
4.副词 adverb 缩写adv. 如:quickly 迅速地 作用:修饰动词/句子
5.动词verb 缩写 v. 如:cut 砍、割 kick 替 hit 打
6.数词numeral 缩写 num. 如:three 三
7.冠词article 缩写 art. 分:定冠词the 和不定冠词a/an
8.介词preposition prep. 如:at 在... in 在...里 on under 等
9.连词conjunction conj. 如:and 和 but 但是 or 否则 等
10.感叹词interjection interj. 如:oh 哦 yeah aha 等等
名词:
名词(Noun,简称n.),属于实词,名词表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的一类词,
二、名词分类:(知识点,不是考点,了解即可)
专有名词和普通名词,普通名词分:个体名词、集体名词、复合名词、物质名词、抽象名词五种,其中个体和集体一般是可数名词,物质和抽象名词是不可数名词
名词 | 专有名词 | 具体的人名,事物,地点,团体或机构的专有独有特有的名称 |
普通名词 | (个体名词、集体名词)一般情况下都是可数名词 | |
(物质名词、抽象名词)一般情况下是不可数名词 |
1.专有名词(表示具体的人名,事物,地点,团体或机构专有独有特有的名称)(第一个字母要大写)。
例:China(中国)、Asia(亚洲)、Ankang(安康)、Wuli Primary School(五里小学)
专有名词如果含有名词短语,则必须使用定冠词the且名词的首字母大写
如:the Great Wall(长城)the People's Republic of China(中华人民共和国)
2.普通名词:表示某些人,某类事物,某种物质的或抽象概念的名称。如:teacher老师、tea茶、health健康。
普通名词又可进一步分为五类:
(1)个体名词(Individual Nouns):表示单个的人和事物。如:car(汽车)、room(房间)、 fan(风扇)、photo(照片)
(2)集体名词(Collective Nouns):表示一群人或一些事物的名称。如:people(人们)、family(家庭)、army(军队)
(3)复合名词(Compound Nouns):两个或两个以上名词连在一起构成的名词。如:football/ classroom/ homework
(4)物质名词(Material Nouns): 物质或不具备确定形状和大小的个体物质。如:fire(火)、air (空气)、water(水)、
(5)抽象名词(Abstract Nouns):表示动作,状态,品质或其他抽象概念。 health/life /friendship
名词作用:用在句子中可用来做主语、宾语、表语、定语、补语等成份。
名词两大考点:“数”和“格”
一、数(分为可数名词和不可数名词)
名词的数 | 可数 | 单数 | 指名词表示“一个”的意思,常与不定冠词a/an连用 |
复数 | 指名词表示“很多”的意思 | ||
不可数 | 数不清个数的,不能直接用数字来修饰,不能与a或an连用 |
1.可数名词(可数名词是指能以数目来计算,可分成个体的人或东西,它有复数形式)
单数:指名词表示“一个”的意思,常与不定冠词a/an,或数词one连用
如:an apple,a banana one cup(杯子),a cat(猫)等
复数:指名词表示“很多”的意思,也可由表示“许多多个的词”some, any, few, a few, many, a lot of修饰复数。
如:an apple 一颗苹果 apples 很多苹果 pencil→pencils some apples
怎样把可数名词的单数变成复数呢?牢记以下规则:
① 一般情况:直接在单数名词词尾加 -s
例:map → maps,boy → boys,horse → horses,table → tables
② 以 s, x, sh, ch 结尾:加 -es
例:class → classes,box → boxes,dish → dishes,bench → benches
③ 以 o 结尾:通常直接加 -s 例:photo → photos,piano → pianos
初中阶段 3 个必考例外(加 -es):
hero → heroes,tomato → tomatoes,potato → potatoes 记忆口诀:英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆
④ 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾:变 y 为 i,再加 -es;元音字母+y结尾直接+s
例:family → families,city → cities,party → parties
【补充注意】以 f / fe 结尾的名词:变 f /fe 为 v,再加 -es(非重点,但常考需了解)
例:shelf(书架)→ shelves,wolf(狼)→ wolves,life(生命)→ lives,knife(刀)→ knives
【不规则变化(需熟记)】这类单词没有固定规则,见到一个记一个:
man → men,woman → women,child → children,tooth → teeth,goose → geese,ox → oxen,mouse→mice,
编外语:汉语是没有名词单复数这一概念,无论名词表示多少,名词本身是没有任何形态的变化,只需要变前面量词即可;英语当中的名词是会根据语意和前面表示数量多少的单词/短语,有其形态的变化,这种变化就叫做名词单复数(也是我们要区分中英差别的知识重点和考点)
名词当中的特例:
一、形单实复(形式是单数,实际表示复数)看起来是单数,但意思是复数,作主语时,谓语动词用复数。
people 人们 People are happy. 人们很开心。
police 警察 The police are coming. 警察来了。
cattle 牛(总称) The cattle are eating grass. 牛在吃草。
(初中只考这 3 个,足够用)
二、单复同形(单数 = 复数,写法完全不变)单数和复数长得一模一样,不用加 s/es。
sheep 绵羊one sheep 一只绵羊 two sheep 两只绵羊
deer 鹿a deer 一只鹿 three deer 三只鹿
fish 鱼(指同一种鱼时) one fish 一条鱼 five fish 五条鱼
Chinese 中国人 a Chinese 一个中国人 two Chinese 两个中国人
Japanese 日本人 a Japanese 一个日本人 four Japanese 四个日本人
单复同形 & 形单实复 小练习:用is / are填空:
1.Look! The sheep ______ eating grass. 2.This fish ______ very big. 3.The police ______ coming soon.
4.Many Chinese ______ in the park. 5.People ______ friendly in this city.
三、这三个词要注意:
1.sports:表示体育运动→永远复数2.clothes:表示衣服→永远复数3.goods:表示商品、货物→永远复数
对可数名词的数量提问用how many,
如:how many apples do you have?你有多少个苹果 I have 3 apples 下划线部分提问
2.不可数名词(没有复数形式)
(1)不可数名词:数不清个数且不能以数目来计算,不可以分成个体的东西;没有复数形式(单词末尾不能+s)
它的前面不能用不定冠词a / an。可以用some, any, little, a little, much, a lot of修饰不可数名词
(2)【注意】不可数名词不能直接用数字来修饰,当要表达不可数名词的具体数量时,可以用“数词+量词+of+不可数名词”来表示,其单复数变化通过量词来体现。
如:a cup /bottle /glasses of tea/milk “一杯茶” three glasses of milk “三杯牛奶”
a cup of … 一杯…… a glass of … 一玻璃杯……a bottle of … 一瓶……a bag of … 一袋…a box of … 一盒…
a basket of …一篮… a piece of … 一片/张/条……a pair of … 一双/对/副…… a spoon of … 一勺...
规则:1.表示一个:a /an /one+单数量词+of +不可数名词 2.表示多个:数词+量词复数+ of +不可数名词
不可数名词本身永远不能加 s,它不变;只把量词变成复数就可以
常用搭配(必背)
a cup of tea 一杯茶a glass of water 一杯水a bottle of milk 一瓶牛奶a bag of rice 一袋米a box of chalk 一盒粉笔
a piece of paper 一张纸a piece of bread 一片面包a pair of shoes 一双鞋a pair of glasses 一副眼镜
a bag of rice is →two bags of rice are , a piece of paper→three pieces of paper,
a bottle ofmilk→five bottles of milk.
一、把下列短语变成复数
1.a cup of tea → ________________________2.a glass of water → ________________________
3.a bottle of milk → _____________________4.a bag of rice → __________________________
5.a piece of bread → _____________________6.a pair of shoes → ________________________
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.Two ______ (bag) of rice are on the table. 2.I want three ______ (glass) of water.
3.There are four ______ (pair) of socks. 4.How many ______ (piece) of paper do you need?
对不可数名词的数量提问用how much(常用来询问价钱),
如:how much money do I need to pay?我需要付多少钱? I need to pay 3 yuan
how much water do we have? We have 5 bottles(of water)
2.名词需要大写的情况
1.每句话开头第一个单词、专有名词每个单词首字母需大写 The book is red, people’s Republic of China
2.人名的头衔首字母需大写 Doctor Wang Teacher Li
3.国家、国籍、语言、学校的名称、日期、星期、月份、首字母大写 Wuli Primary School
编外语:汉语是没有名词单复数这一概念,无论名词表示多少,名词本身是没有任何形态的变化,只需要变前面量词即可;英语当中的名词是会根据语意和前面表示数量多少的单词/短语,有其形态的变化,这种变化就叫做名词单复数(也是我们要区分中英差别的知识重点和考点)
注意:当一个名词修饰另一个名词时,前面名词永远用单数。除了man /woman 修饰复数名词时,两个都要变复数。
如:apple tree → 苹果树apple trees不能说apples trees
把下列短语变成复数:
1.book shop 2.school gate3.pencil box 4.man teacher
习题:
1 一般情况下直接在词尾+s例:book--books apple--apples
cup—____________girl—_____________pen—____________orange—____________key—___________name—_________
number—________________friend—____________school—____________phone—____________flower—____________
2 以 s x sh ch 结尾的单词,+es例:bus--buses fox--foxes fish--fishes beach--beaches
class—_____________box—____________________watch—_____________peach—_____________
branch—_____________match—____________________flash—____________________
3 以辅音字母加y结尾的单词,变y为i再+es (辅音字母+y)例 puppy--puppies
fly_______________city______________day_______________baby________________party_____________toy__________
key__________family______________story______________boy______________country__________monkey________________
一、写出下列名词的复数形式(易错综合)
watch → ________brush → ________piano → ________hero → ________wolf → ________foot → ________
leaf → ________goose → ________ox → ________tooth → ________child → ________deer → ________
二、单项选择(易错题,考规则 + 用法)
1.There are three ______ in the picture. A. foxes B. fox C. foxes
2.How many ______ are there in your school? A. woman teacher B. women teachers C. women teacher
3.I have two ______ and some ______. A. tomatos; milk B. tomatoes; milks C. tomatoes; milk
4.The ______ are eating grass. A. sheep B. sheeps C. sheepes
5.These ______ are very nice. A. peach B. peachs C. peaches
三、用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.There are five ______ (bus) in the street.2.These ______ (knife) are Tom’s.
3.I see many ______ (child) in the park.4.The ______ (policeman) are working hard.
5.There are three ______ (Chinese) in our class.
四、把下列句子由单数形式变为复数形式或由复数形式变成单数形式。
A.把单数形式句子,转变为复数形式句子
1.This is her brother.2.She watches TV every day.3.That is a cup 4.I am boy 5.This is my brother
B.把复数形式句子,转变为单数形式句子
6.We have lots of tomatoes every day.7.The English books are in their desks
8.These are my sisters 9.They are dogs 10.They are clever girls
窍门:将单数句变为复数句的时候,需要注意以下要点:
1.指示代词this/that变为其复数形式these/those2: am或is要变为are
3.不定冠词a/an要去掉4.可数名词单数要改为复数形式5.人称代词变为复数,即:I变we she/he/it变they
二、格(名词所有格--所属关系)
名词所有格(possessive case)表示名词(一个东西)的所属关系.“(这个东西)属于谁,谁拥有(这个东西)”
分类:分“'s 所有格”和“ of 所有格”两种。
(1)'s 所有格定义:在有生命的名词后面加一撇s(’s)构成,表示“...的”谁谁谁的
's 所有格构成规则:
1.表示有生命的东西的名词所有格在名词末尾加上-'s:
the teacher's Day 教师节the People's Republic 人民共和国 student’s room学生的房间
2.以-s 或-es 结尾的复数名词末尾只加“'”:
the boys' house 男孩们的房the soldiers' horses 士兵们的战马 the students' textbooks 学生们的课本
3.不以-s 结尾的复数名词加“'s”:
men's work 男人的工作 the children's room 孩子的房间
总结:以s结尾的复数名词+“’”其他统统“’s”
注:表示时间、距离、重量、地方等无生命的东西的名词,也可以用“'s”构成所有关系,
a few days' time 几天的时间 a week's holiday一周的假期 ten minutes' ride 乘车十分钟的路程
注:1. 表示几个人共有的在最后一个人名字后加“’s”。如果某物为两人共有,则只在后一个名词的词尾加 's;如果表示各自的所有关系时,则各个名词词尾都加 's:
如:Lucy and lily’s room 露西和莉莉的房间(只有一间房间。二人共享)
Lucy’s and lily’s room露西和莉莉的房间(有两间房,每人一间)
如:Lucy and lily’s room is big 露西和丽莉(共有的一个房间)很大
Lucy’s and lily’s room are beautiful 露西的和丽莉的房间(共两个房间,每人一间)很漂亮
2. ’s还可以表示某人的家或者某个店铺.如:my aunt’s(我阿姨家), the doctor’s(诊所)
(2)of 所有格
(1)“of 名词所有格”是以”of+名词”构成的一种词组形式,表示无生命东西的名词所有关系,无生命的东西“...的...”;“of+名词所有格”做后置定语通常指部分与整体的所属关系.
如:Map of china中国地图the windows of the classroom 教室的窗子 the colors of the flowers 鲜花的颜色
表示有生命东西的名词,也可用 of 所有格表示所有关系,或者表示主谓关系、动宾关系或事物的来源等:
the death of Stalin 斯大林的逝世 the arrival of the chairman 主席的到来
(2)“双重所有格”,“of + 名词所有格/名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格,既用’s又用of结构来强调所属关系,
如:a friend of mine(我的一位朋友) a friend of my brother’s (我哥哥的一个朋友)
回顾总结:名词按其所表示的事物的性质可分为可数名词和不可数名词:
“格”分“’s”和“of+名词”两种:“’s”和“of+名词”都翻译成“的...的...”“’s”从左往右翻译;“of+名词”从右往左翻译
单项选择
1.—Is the dictionary on the desk yours?—No, it's my _______. He left it there just now.
A. father B. father's C. fathers’ D. father’
2.—Frank, are these books ________?—No, they are ________. Mine are on that sofa.
A. mine; Jenny B. yours; Jenny's C. mine; Jenny's D. yours; Jenny
3.—Where is my scarf, grandpa?—I think it's in your ________ room.
A. parent B. parents C. parent's D. parents’
4.—Is this _________ baseball?—No. _______ is at her school.
A. Helen's; She B. Helen; She C. Helen's; Hers D. Helen; Hers
5.This is ________ family photo. Can you find him in the photo?
A. Cindy's B. your C. Wang Jun’s D. her
8.I am looking for a friend of _____ who lives in this neighborhood.A. me B. mine C. my D. I
9._______ son is a student, but _______ daughter is not a student.
A. Mr. Green's; her B. Mr. Green; his C. Mr. Green; her D. Mr. Green's; his
10.That's _________ room. They use the same room.
A. Lucy's and Lily's B. Lucy and Lily C. Lucy's and Lily D. Lucy and Lily's
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. The man is ________(Tom) uncle.2. This dictionary is ________.(David)
3. There are some pancakes on the fridge. They are ________(me).
4. Is the book under the desk?—No, it is my(cousin)_______. His name is on it.
5. (Tom and Bob)__________________ rooms are both very clean.
名词的“数”总结
一.名词的分类:名词分为______名词和________名词
二.可数名词:可数名词____(有/无)复数形式,其后_____(能/不能)加“s”。
1.可数名词单数变复数的形式
(1) 通常情况下,直接+______.
①picture(复数形式)________________②翻译短语:三本书_________________
③翻译短语:四棵树_______________④There are six_____on the table.A.apple B.an apple C.apples
( 2)以s,x,sh,ch结尾+______.
① My mother has several___________(watch).② I have many toy_________(bus)
③ 根据要求写出单词的相应形式 box(复数)_________
(3) 以辅音字母+ y结尾的单词,变_____为_____加_______。
以元音字母+ y结尾的单词,直接加_____。 (元音字母:___ ___ ___ ___ ___)
①library-_________ story-______ ②boy-_______ day-_______ monkey-________
③根据要求写出单词的相应形式 boy(复数)______
(4) 以f,fe结尾的单词,变_____或_____为____,再加______。
knife-___________ leaf-__________ thief-__________
(5) 以o结尾的名词,能吃的+_______,不能吃的+__________。
① potato-__________ tomato-_________ ② radio-_________ photo-__________ piano-_________
③photo(复数形式)__________
(6) 元音字母a变____ ①man-______ woman-_________ policeman-_____________
②根据要求写出单词的相应形式 man(复数)____ 注意:1.German(复数)-_________
2.表示“国籍人”的单复数【国家人复数口诀(必背)】中日不变,英法变,其余 s 加后面
·Chinese → Chinese,Japanese → Japanese;Englishman → Englishmen,Frenchman → Frenchmen;
·American → Americans,German → Germans
③【拓展】“科目”______________她最喜欢的科目是音乐。Her favourite__________is music.
We have______________every day. A.a Chinese B.the Chinese C.Chinese D.Chineses
(7) oo变______. eg:foot-_________ tooth-_________ goose-________
(8) 面目全非:child-___________ mouse-___________
(9) 单复同形:鱼__________ 绵羊__________ 鹿___________
(10) 形单实复:__________(人、人们)注意:与person的区别:_____________________________________________
There are six_________in the room. A.peoples B.person C.a people D.persons
2.可数名词复数的应用(小初高英语李老师:15191416900 (同微)
(1) 当可数名词的复数作主语时,be动词(___/___/____/____/____)用_____数(单/复)数。
②His parents______teachers. A.is B.are C.am D.is
③用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1)My father’s brothers are my ________(uncle).2)Here _______(be)Jenny’s photos.
④用所给词的适当形式填空 Where________(be)your English book and math book?
⑤用所给词的适当形式填空
1)My___________(friend)aren’t here.2)There are some ________________(policeman)in the park.
(2) How many 后面加可数名词的_____(单/复)数形式。
①用括号内所给词的适当形式填空:How many _________(day)are there in a week?
② How many _____can you see in the picture?A.man B.child C.peopleD.person
③_____times do you have your math class each week?A.How much B.How many C.How old D.How long
④How many______are there in your family?A.people B.woman C.womans D.peoples
⑤How many________have you got? A.foot B.child C.teeth
⑥用所给词的适当形式填空(小初高英语李老师:15191416900 (同微)
1)How many _________(pencil)do you have? 2)There are many____________(dress).
(3) many+可数名词____数形式
①用所给词的适当的形式填空: There are many____________(teacher)in our school.
②用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
I have many(friend) in my class, I’m very happy every day.
(4) These are+可数名词____数形式. eg:Those are___________.(German)
(5) Those are+可数名词____数形式. eg:These are our___________.(potato)
(6)There are+可数名词____数形式. eg:There are some ___________.(photo)
(7)基数词>1+可数名词____数形式. eg:I’ve got two_________.(sheep)
(8) some/any+可数名词____数形式. eg:Lucy will show us some new____(pen).
(9) All/Both+可数名词____数形式. eg:All my(student) ________ like singing.
All my_______to my birthday party last night. A.friends came B.friend came C.friends come
(10)They/We/You are+可数名词____数形式. eg:They are__________.(mouse)
(11)One of+可数名词____数形式 eg:Xi’an is one of _____(city)in China.
3. 修饰可数名词的“多”用______;对可数名词的“多少”进行提问用___________。
eg:I can see five birds.(对划线部分提问)_______ _______birds can you see?
三. 不可数名词
1.不可数名词的应用:当不可数名词作主语时,be动词用_____(单/复)数。
① There ______(be)some water on the paper.
② ______(be)there any tea in the cup?(小初高英语李老师:15191416900 (同微)
③用所给词的适当形式填空 --How much ______(be)the bread? ---It’s 8 yuan.
④There_______some bread on the table. A.is B.are C.be
2.不可数名词_______(有/无)复数形式,其后______(能/不能)加“s”。
但不可数名词可以表达量的“多少”,此时需要借助于一定的____词。
一杯 | 两瓶 | 三张/条 | 四双 | 五箱,盒 | 六勺 |
如:
--Can I help you? --Give me __white socks. A.a B.two C.a pair D.a pair of
4.常用量词的表达
eg:①How many _____can you drink?
A.glass of orange B.glasses of orange C.glasses of oranges D.glass of oranges
②---What can I do for you,sir? ---I’d like two______.
A.bottle of milk B.bottles of milks C.bottles of milk D.bottle of milks
eg: ①划线部分提问(小初高英语李老师:15191416900 (同微)
They would like to drink three glasses of milk._________________milk would they like to drink?
比较: They would like to drink three glasses of milk._________________glasses of milk would they like to drink?
②---_____are these strawberries? ---They are 6 yuan.
A.How much B.How many C.How long D.How far
③当你想知道字典的价钱,问( )
A.Have you got a dictionary? B.How much is the dictionary? C.How money is the dictionary?
中考考点:名词/代词作主语,谓语动词单复数的一致性问题(主谓一致):
一、谓语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即:主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式
如:The computer wasuseful.The water in the glassis very cold.
集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police,school等)做句子主语时,
① 如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如:Class Three is a very good class.
② 如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如:Class Three have a map of China.
1.Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等集体名词
表示单个时,谓语用单数,如:There is a sheep inthe yard.(院子里有只绵羊)
表示许多时,谓语用复数如:There are somesheep in the yard.(院子里有一些绵羊)
2.maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数
如:The news is very exciting. (这个消息令人兴奋)(英语李老师:15191416900 (同微)
3.glasses, shoes, socks, trousers,gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。
如:The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜,我想买)
4.a lot of后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。
如:A lot of students are playing baseball now.(现在有许多学生在打垒球)
A lot of time was wasted onthat work.(大量的时间花在了那个工作上)
5.and连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数,
如:The teacher and his son are picking apples now.(老师和他的儿子在摘苹果)
6.there be句型中be的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定。
如:There is a table andfour chairs in the room.(房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子)
7.用both…and…连接两个事物做主语时,谓语一般用复数。(初高中英语李老师:15191416900 (同微)
如:Both you and I are required to be here tomorrow.(你和我明天要求都来)
8.主语中含有with的短语时,谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。
如:A woman with a 7-year-old child wasstanding at the side of the road.
9.either…or…或者 neither…nor…连接两个人物做句子主语时,谓语采用就近原则。
如:Either you or he isright. Neither you nor I am going there.
10.表示一段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时,谓语一般用单数。
如:Two months is not a short time.(两个月不是个短时间)
Two thousand kilometers is a long distance(距离).(两千千米是相当长的一段距离)
11.主语中含有百分比/分数/half of/all (of) the .等词语时,谓语的单复数由后面名词单复数决定
如:Over three quarters of theinformation on the Internet is in English. A third of the students are dancing.
1.Look! The team ______ playing football on the playground.A. is B. are C. be
2.My family ______ very big and all my family ______ reading.A. is; like B. is; likes C. are; likeD.are;likes
3.The news ______ very exciting and we all felt happy.A. is B. are C. was D.were
4.A number of students ___ in the hall and the number of them ___ over 300.A. are; is B. is; are C. are; areD.is;is
5.Either you or he ______ to attend the meeting tomorrow.A. have B. has C. havingD. be
6.The teacher with his students ______ planting trees over there.A. is B. are C. be
7.Three fifths of the work ______ finished.A. have B. has C. isD.are