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今天继续练习汉译英,做好垃圾分类!
真题原文
垃圾分类是按照垃圾的不同成分、利用价值以及对环境的影响,根据不同处置方式的要求,分成若干种类进行分类投放,并通过分类收集、分类运输、分类处理实现垃圾减量化、资源化、无害化。
句句精解
📙“按照垃圾的不同成分、利用价值以及对环境的影响”和“根据不同处置方式的要求”处理为状语,翻译为Based on different components, use values, impacts on the environment of garbage, and requirements of different disposal methods。
📘“分成若干种类进行分类投放”是指对垃圾进行分类投放,所以翻译为garbage is divided into several categories。
📗“投放”在这里无需翻译,因为分类就是为了更好地处理,如果要翻译可以翻译为to dispose或者for disposal。
📕“并通过分类收集、分类运输、分类处理实现垃圾减量化、资源化、无害化。”这一句中没有主语,翻译时要补充上主语garbage,然后语态使用被动语态。
📘“资源化”译为recycling是因为垃圾要变为资源的第一步就是回收,之后回收了才能重新作为资源继续利用。“无害化”是指处理垃圾的时候不能使用对环境有害的方法,译为innocent treatment of the garbage。
📗“通过分类收集、分类运输、分类处理”处理为方式状语位于句子末尾。整个句子翻译为reduction, recycling, and innocent treatment of the garbage will be realized through classified collection, transportation, and disposal。
参考译文
Based on different components, use values, impacts on the environment of garbage, and requirements of different disposal methods, garbage is divided into several categories, and reduction, recycling, and innocent treatment of the garbage will be realized through classified collection, transportation, and disposal.
真题原文
首先,充分回收利用可回收物,通过分类投放、分类收集,把有用物品,如纸张、塑料、橡胶、玻璃等从垃圾中分离出来利用。
句句精解
📙“充分回收利用可回收物”直译即可,翻译为fully utilize/ make full use of recyclable materials。句子的结构是“通过…把有用物品从垃圾中分离出来利用”,翻译为separate those useful materials from garbage by/ through … for further utilization/to better utilize。
📘“分类投放、分类收集”直译为classified placement and collection。“纸张、塑料、橡胶、玻璃”都是指统称,不用复数形式。“利用”译为utilize比use更加正式。
参考译文
First of all, we should fully utilize recyclable materials, and separate those useful materials from garbage, such as paper, plastic, rubber, glass, through classified placement and collection for further utilization.
真题原文
如1吨废纸可再生新纸0.8吨,相当于少砍伐树龄为30年的树木20棵。
句句精解
📙a ton不加复数,0.8 tons要加复数。“废纸”译为waste paper,名词waste做定语修饰paper。“再生”用regenerate,或者直接用produce也可以。
📘“相当于”可以翻译为be equal/ equivalent to或者mean。原文中“相当于少砍伐”是比较难处理的,可以转换处理为save 20 thirty-year-old trees。
📗还可转化理解为“新纸0.8吨等于20棵树龄为30年的树木的造纸量”翻译为which is equivalent to the paper-making volume of 20 thirty-year-old trees。
参考译文
For example, one ton of waste paper can regenerate 0.8 tons of new paper, which is equivalent to the paper-making volume of 20 thirty-year-old trees.
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