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2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国甲卷）
B
①Terri Boltonisa dab handwhen it comes to DIY(do-it-yourself). Skilledat putting up shelves andpiecing together furniture,she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.
②She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six,Terri, now26,accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. Aday’s work was rewarded with £5 in pocket money. She says:“I’m sure Iwasn’t much of a help to start with, painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and itwas backbreaking work,but Iknow he wasproud of my skills.”
③Terri, who now rents ahouse with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIYalso saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy(租期) comes to an end. She adds:“I’ve moved house many timesand Ialways like to personalisemy room and put up pictures, so, it’s been useful to knowhow tocover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”
④With millions of people likely to take on DIYprojects over thecoming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around£823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifth wish to increase the value of their house. ThoughDIYhastraditionallybeen seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.
24. Which is closest in meaning to “adab hand” in paragraph 1?
A. An artist.B. Awinner.C. Aspecialist.D. Apioneer.
25. Why did Terri’s grandfather give her£5 aday?
A. For a birthday gift.
B. As a treat for her work.
C. To support her DIYprojects.
D. Toencourage her to take up a hobby.
26. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the houseshe rented?
A. By making it look like before.
B. By furnishing it herself.
C. By splitting the rent with a roommate.
D. By cancelling the rental agreement.
27. What trend in DIYdoes the research show?
A. It is becoming more costly.
B. It is getting more time-consuming.
C. It is turning into a seasonal industry.
D. It is gaining popularity among females.
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了DIY能手Terri Bolton的故事，包括她是如何学到这些技能的以及如何在生活中应用这项技能来避免损失租房的押金。此外，文章还提及了DIY越来越受人们欢迎，尤其是女性群体。
24. C 词义猜测题。根据第一段含该短语的原句“Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself).”以及后面一句“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture ...”可知，Terri Bolton擅长搭建架子和拼接家具。由此推知，Terri Bolton是一个DIY能手/专家。故选C。
25. B 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“A day’s work was rewarded with £5 in pocket money.”可知，祖父给的5英镑是对Terri工作的奖励。故选B。
26. A 推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“I’ve moved house many timesand Ialways like to personalisemy room and put up pictures, ...avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”可知，Terri经常搬家，喜欢把房间装饰得个性化，所以在搬走的时候，需要把洞补上，重新粉刷房间。由此可推知，为了避免损失押金，Terri的做法是自己动手将房间恢复原样。故选A。
27. D 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Though DIY has traditionally been seen as a male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.”可知，虽然DIY在传统意义上被视为男性的爱好，但是研究表明，现在是由女性主导。由此可推知，研究呈现了DIY在女性群体中流行的趋势。故选D。
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国乙卷）
B
①Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape (风景) can be quite a challenge, mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation.
②Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes. To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within 10-minute time frame. I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way.
③Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography. I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph. I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the sport only five minutes before the best moment.
④One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake, Wisconsin, to climb the purple quartz (石英) rock around the lake. After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks, we decided to photograph the scene at sunset. The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background. We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset.However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely. Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time. Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.
24. How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest?
A. By teaming up with other photographers.
B. By shooting in the countryside or state parks.
C. By studying the geographical conditions.
D. By creating settings in the corn fields.
25. What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author?
A. Proper time management.
B. Good shooting techniques.
C. Adventurous spirit.
D. Distinctive styles.
26. What can we infer from the author’s trip with friends to Devil’s Lake?
A. They went crazy with the purple quartz rock.
B. They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset.
C. They reached the shooting spot later than expected.
D. They had problems with their equipment.
27. How does the author find his photos taken at Devil’s Lake ?
A. Amusing.
B. Satisfying.
C. Encouraging.
D. Comforting.
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名专业的风景摄影师的生活和拍照经历。
24. B 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，“挑战”源于地貌多样性的缺失。再根据第二段中的“I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures ...”可知，作者应对这个挑战的方法就是和朋友们去州立公园或乡村拍摄。故选B。
25. A 推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography.”以及最后一段的拍摄经历可推知，作者认为合理管理时间是风景摄影成功的关键。故选A。
26. C 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容尤其是倒数第三句“However, we did not mark the route (路线) so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely.”可知，作者和朋友们在去德维尔湖的旅行中，由于没有标记路线，他们差点完全错过了日落。由此可推知，他们到达拍摄地点比预期的晚。故选C。
27. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots ...”可推知，作者对在德维尔湖拍摄的照片还是很满意的。故选B。
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I卷）
B
①When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making.
②After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.
③The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge.
④He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.
⑤Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse-like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.
⑥“Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”
24. What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs?
A.He was fond of traveling.
B.He enjoyed being alone.
C.He had an inquiring mind.
D.He longed to be a doctor.
25. Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?
A.To feed the animals.
B.To build an ecosystem.
C.To protect the plants.
D.To test the eco-machine.
26. What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou?
A.To review John’s research plans.
B. To show an application of John’s idea.
C.To compare John’s different jobs.
D. To erase doubts about John’s invention.
27. What is the basis for John’s work?
A.Nature can repair itself.
B.Organisms need water to survive.
C.Life on Earth is diverse.
D.Most tiny creatures live in groups.
【解析】
2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标II卷）
B
①Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles.
②Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.
③Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.
④Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says.
⑤She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.”
24. What do we know about Abby Jaramillo?
A. She used to be a health worker.
B. She grew up in a low-income family.
C. She owns a fast food restaurant.
D. She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.
25. What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program?
A. The kids’ parents distrusted her.
B. Students had little time for her classes.
C. Some kids disliked garden work.
D. There was no space for school gardens.
26. Which of the following best describes the impact of the program?
A. Far-reaching.
B. Predictable.
C. Short-lived.
D. Unidentifiable.
27. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Rescuing School Gardens
B. Experiencing Country Life
C. Growing Vegetable Lovers
D. Changing Local Landscape
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章描述了Urban Sprouts这一学校园艺项目如何帮助低收入学校的学生发展科学技能、环境意识和健康的生活方式。
24. D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools.”可知，Abby Jaramillo是Urban Sprouts项目的发起人之一。故选D。
25. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt isawful, insects are awful.”可知，在项目开始时，Jaramillo面临的一个问题是一些孩子不喜欢园艺工作。故选C。
26. A推理判断题。根据最后一段内容尤其是第一句“She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition.”可知，该项目的影响是深远的，不仅改变了学生们的饮食习惯，还可以帮助一些受特殊教育的学生控制情绪。故选A。
27. C 标题概括题。文章主要介绍了Urban Sprouts项目的主要目标和产生的效果，即通过校园园艺项目培养学生们对蔬菜的喜爱，改变他们的饮食习惯。因此，最适合的标题是“GrowingVegetable Lovers”。故选C。
2024年1月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）
B
①When was the last time you used a telephone box? I mean to make an actual phone call—not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago, right? The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose was ... 2006. I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing, I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more “young professional”.
②As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was locked outside. My mobile phone was inside, but luckily there was a telephone box across the street. So, I called Directory Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time to get back in before the actors arrived.
③As it has been many years since I last used one, I should hardly be surprised that there are no longer any public telephones near my house. The last one standing has just been turned into a “mini community library”: any passer-by can “borrow” a book from its shelves, and return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection.
④For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of cheesy love stories. Then I noticed folk conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books!
⑤If I ever get trapped outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly, no longer be able to connect me with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me.
24. What does the word “it” underlined in the first paragraph refer to?
A. The play.
B. The shared house.
C. The sofa.
D. The telephone box.
25. Why did the author use the telephone box in 2006?
A. To place an urgent call.
B. To put up a notice.
C. To shelter from the rain.
D. To hold an audition.
26. What do we know about the “mini community library”?
A. It provides phone service for free.
B. Anyone can contribute to its collection.
C. It is popular among young readers.
D. Books must be returned within a month.
27. Why did the author start to use the “library”?
A. He wanted to borrow some love stories.
B. He was encouraged by a close neighbour.
C. He found there were excellent free books.
D. He thought it was an ideal place for reading.
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者对电话亭的深厚感情。多年前作者意外被关在住所外，在电话亭拨打电话找来备用钥匙，最终得以脱困，现在电话亭被改装成迷你社区图书馆，作者又在那发现一些很棒的书，获益颇多。
24. B代词指代题。根据第一段最后一句中的“to make it seem a bit more ‘young professional.’”可知，作者在沙发上铺了些毯子并点燃了蜡烛，以使房子看起来更像一个“年轻专业人士”的生活空间。这里的it指代作者合租的房子，故选B。
25. A细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，作者不小心把手机反锁在了住所内，只能用电话亭中的电话联系到房东，拿备用钥匙以解决燃眉之急。故选A。
26. B推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句话中的“any passer-by can ‘borrow’a book from its shelves, and return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection.”可知，任何人都可以为迷你社区图书馆的藏书做贡献，即可以捐自己想捐赠的书籍。故选B。
27. C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段倒数第一、二句“This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books!”可知，作者在迷你社区图书馆发现了特别好的书籍，而且它们是免费的，故选C。
2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国甲卷）
B
①Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways. For instance,almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter. But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills. They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you’re able to interpret it. If a pet cat is hungry, it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food. However, when a cat is looking for affection, they tend to produce stretched and soft meows. Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother’s attention and be fed.
②Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive. They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger. They will sniff out specific areas before they choose a place to relax. However, another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells. Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to recognize you in the future. That’s why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don’t usually like.
③Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats take this behavior up a notch. Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. This is a very old habit that’s been present in all kinds of predators(食肉动物). Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you. These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it’s been in their nature since the beginning of time. So just go along with it!
24.What can be learned about cats’ meowing from the first paragraph?
A. It’s a survival skill.B. It’s taught by mother cats.
C. It’s hard to interpret.D. It’s getting louder with age.
25. How does a pet cat assess different situations?
A. By listening for sounds.B. By touching familiar objects.
C. By checking on smells.D. By communicating with other cats.
26. Which best explains the phrase “take ... upa notch” in paragraph 3?
A. Perform appropriately.B. Move faster.
C. Act strangely.D. Do better.
27. What is a suitable title for the text?
A. Tips on Finding a Smart CatB. Understanding Your Cat’s Behavior
C. Have Fun with Your CatD. How to Keep Your Cat Healthy
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了猫通过叫声、嗅觉和带回礼物来表达需求、评估环境和展示爱意。
24. A 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways.”、“But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills.”以及“Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother’s attention and be fed.”可知，动物通过多种方式表达需求，但是猫是特殊的生物，它们拥有令人惊叹的发声技巧。它们一出生就开始喵喵叫，用这种声音来吸引母猫的注意并且请求喂食。由此推知，猫的叫声是一种生存技能。故选A。
25. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger.”和“However, another way the cats are able to distinguish between situations is by looking for familiar smells.”可知，宠物猫通过嗅觉来评估不同的情况。故选C。
26. D 词义猜测题。根据画线词前后的“Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats”以及“Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. ... Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you.”可知，猫通过带回物品给主人来表示爱意，这种行为比狗的取物行为更进一步，即做得更好。故选D。
27. B 标题判断题。根据第一段中的“But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills.”、第二段中的“Cats have many heightened senses, but their sense of smell is quite impressive. They use their noses to assess their environment and look out for any signs of danger.”以及最后一段中的“Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats take this behavior up a notch.”可知，整篇文章都在描述和解释猫的各种行为方式，包括叫声、嗅觉和带回礼物的习惯，以及这些行为背后的原因和意义。因此B项“Understanding Your Cat’s Behavior (理解你的猫的行为)”最适合作本文的标题。故选B。
2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I卷）
B
【解析】
2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标II卷）
B
①Do you ever get to the train station and realize you forgot to bring something to read?Yes, we all have our phones, but many of us still like to go old school and read somethingprinted.
②Well, there’s a kiosk (小亭) for that. In the San Francisco Bay Area, at least.
③“You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you canget a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story,”says Alicia Trost, the chiefcommunications officer for the San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit — known as BART.“You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story.”
④It’s that simple. Riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories and poems since theprogram was launched last March. Some are classic short stories, and some are new originalworks.
⑤Trost also wants to introduce local writers to local riders. “We wanted to do somethingwhere we do a call to artists in the Bay Area to submit stories for a contest,” Trost says. “Andas of right now, we’ve received about 120 submissions. The winning stories would go into ourkiosk and then you would be a published artist.”
⑥Ridership on transit (交通)systems across the country has been down the past halfcentury, so could short stories save transit?
⑦Trost thinks so.
⑧“At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can toimprove the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because ofshort stories,” she says.
⑨And you’ll never be without something to read.
24. Why did BART start the kiosk program?
A.To promote the local culture.
B. To discourage phone use.
C. To meet passengers’ needs.
D. To reduce its running costs.
25. How are the stories categorized in the kiosk?
A.By popularity.
B. By length.
C. By theme.
D. By language.
26. What has Trost been doing recently?
A. Organizing a story contest.
B. Doing a survey of customers.
C. Choosing a print publisher.
D. Conducting interviews with artists.
27. What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future?
A. It will close down.
B. Its profits will decline.
C. It will expand nationwide.
D. Its ridership will increase.
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了旧金山湾区设立了一个小亭，供乘客打印纸质材料，以满足那些在乘车途中渴望阅读纸质读物的乘客的需求，并探讨了这一项目对当地交通的影响。
24. C推理判断题。根据第一段以及最后一段的内容可推知，旧金山湾区快速交通系统发起了小亭项目，旨在满足那些喜欢在乘车过程中阅读纸质材料的乘客的需求。这个项目让乘客在忘记携带纸质阅读材料的情况下，仍能够获得纸质读物。故选C。
25. B细节理解题。根据第三段中的“You enter the fare gates (检票口) and you’ll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story”可知，乘客们进入小亭后，可以自行选择所需打印的故事长度。这意味着小亭里的故事是按照长度进行分类的。故选B。
26. A细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，Trost最近组织一场故事大赛。此次大赛热切地邀请当地的作家们踊跃参与投稿，旨在为广大读者提供一个独特的平台，让他们更深入地
了解当地作家。故选A。
27. D观点态度题。根据倒数第二段可知，所有交通机构都在尽最大努力改善乘客的乘车体验，Trost坚信小亭项目将吸引更多的乘客。换句话说，在Trost看来，旧金山湾区快速交通系统的乘客数量将会增加。故选D。
2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国I卷）
B
①In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life. More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who’d created these people, knew their subjects so well.
②But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: “Why is writing important?” Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis (论点) statement. I was shocked. Then I realized that the problem was the question itself. They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important. This would have to change.
③As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.
④I walked into class believing that writing is important as a means of communication. However, my students demonstrated something more important to me. When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing’s most powerful significance — the ability to connect people, to put us in another’s skin, to teach us what it means to be human.
24. Who are the people mentioned at the beginning of paragraph 1?
A. Ninth graders.
B. Students’ parents.
C. Modern writers.
D. Fictional characters.
25. Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay?
A. They were not given enough time.
B. They had a very limited vocabulary.
C. They misunderstood the question.
D. They had little interest in the topic.
26. What does the underlined word “staggering”in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Mixed.
B. Amazing.
C. Similar.
D. Disturbing.
27. What does the author’s experience show?
A. Teaching is learning.
B. Still waters run deep.
C. Knowledge is power.
D. Practice makes perfect.
【解析】
文章讲述了作者作为一名写作教师，通过改变教学方法，激发了学生对写作的兴趣和热情。
【逐题解析】
24. D 细节理解题。文章开头提到“I met a cowboy who saved his town, a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s, and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life.”（我遇到了一个拯救了小镇的牛仔，一个要求儿子拿全A的严厉父亲，以及一个因父母拒绝了她年轻时的爱情而心碎而死的现代朱丽叶。），这些都是学生创作的虚构角色。故选D。
25. D 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“But things were different for their first essay, which was about the question: ‘Why is writing important?’ Most of the essays filled less than one page, and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis statement.”可知，学生们第一次写作的主题是“Why is writing important?”，大多数文章内容空洞、缺乏论点；再根据第二段中的“They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn’t strike them as important.”可知，作者经过反思之后，发现这些学生并非能力不足，而是对写作缺乏兴趣和共鸣，因此表现不佳。故选D。
26. B 词义猜测题。根据后文“The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.”（学生们选择了各种话题，并提交了每篇10到20页的故事，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野，触动了我的心。）可以推断出“staggering”意为“令人惊讶的”。故选B。
27. A 推理判断题。作者通过改变教学方法，不仅提高了学生的写作兴趣，还从中学到了很多东西，体现了“教学相长”的理念。故选A。
【考查要点】
基础知识：写作教学方法、虚构角色的创作。
学科能力：阅读理解能力、推理判断能力、高度概括能力。
核心素养：创新思维、教育情怀。
价值引领：强调写作的重要性，鼓励创新思维。
2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国II卷）
B
①Kathy Ho teaches high school inside Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford(LPCH). “Sometimes I don’t like saying that I’m a teacher, ” says Ho. “People get in their minds an idea of what teachers do, but that’s not really what it is here.”
②“Here” is room 386, where each year, about 500 LPCH patients also become students. The hospital school is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures. It’s a place of learning. About half of Ho’s students stay for a week or less; others are there for more than a year. Most of Ho’s students will recover, which means that preparing them to return to school is an increasingly important component of care.
③Still, in room 386, academics don’t come first. Physical health and mental health are the priority. “If you’re scared about something and thinking only about that, there’s no way you’re going to be able to learn,” Ho says. “I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher. ”
④There are up to 30 students at any given time in Ho’s class. She generally works with their regular teachers to get lessons and tests being used at their home schools. Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice to the kids,” Ho says. “They think their teachers don’t care about their schoolwork.”
⑤Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers(同龄人) outside the hospital. “I actually think the medicine is only a small piece for some problems,”says Julie Good, director of pain management services at LPCH. “It’s about problem-solving around what it means to have a full life. Those kids have dreams. School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow. ”
24. Who does Ho teach at LPCH?
A. Sick children.
B. Young nurses.
C. Medical students.
D. Patients’ parents.
25. What is a characteristic of Ho’s job?
A. Prioritizing academics.
B. Encouraging innovation.
C. Treating various diseases.
D. Playing multiple roles.
26. What does the underlined word“it” refer to in paragraph 4?
A. Offering regular lessons.
B. Paying extra attention.
C. Assigning no schoolwork.
D. Showing no sympathy.
27. How does the hospital school benefit the students according to Good?
A. It eases peer pressure.
B. It helps them live in hope.
C. It frees them from aches.
D. It entertains them with stories.
【解析】
本文是一篇叙述性说明文。文章围绕医院教师Kathy Ho在斯坦福Lucile Packard儿童医院（LPCH）的特殊教学工作展开，重点探讨了医院学校的独特教育模式及其对患病儿童的深远意义。
24. A 细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句中的“about 500 LPCH patients also become students”可知，Ho的学生是生病的孩子。故选A。
25. D细节理解题。根据第三段中的Ho自述“I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter”可知，她是一个教练、顾问和安慰者，暗示她工作中不仅仅是教学，而是涉及多个角色。故选D。
26. C代词指代题。根据第四段中提到的“Some teachers don’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead.”及Ho随后的评价“It is a disservice to the kids”，由此可知“it”指代前文“不给孩子布置作业”的行为。故选C。
27. B推理判断题。根据最后一段Good提到“School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.”可知，学校通过给孩子们提供一个继续学习和成长的机会，帮助他们保持梦想。教育不仅仅是医学治疗的一部分，还能帮助孩子们拥有希望和生活的意义。故选B。
【考查要点】
基础知识：“医院学校”的概念和教师的主要职责。
学科能力：阅读理解能力、推理判断能力。
核心素养：从不同角度看待问题、领悟教育的综合性功能。
价值引领：教育不单纯是传授知识，更是关怀学生全面发展。
