2024年6月大学英语六级考试真题第1套
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions：In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
It's quite remarkable how different genres of music can spark unique feelings,emotions,and memories. Studies have shown that music can reduce stress and anxiety before surgeries and we are all attracted toward our own unique life soundtrack.
If you're looking to 26stress,you might want to give classical music a try.
The sounds of classical music produce a calming effect letting 27 pleasure-inducing dopamine (多 巴胺 )in the brain that helps control attention,learning and emotional responses.It can also turn down the body's stress response,resulting in an overall happier mood.It turns out a pleasant mood can lead to 28in a person's thinking.
Although there are many great 29 of classical music like Bach,Beethoven and Handel,none of these artists'music seems to have the same health effects as Mozart's does.According to researchers,listening to Mozart can increase brain wave activity and improve 30 function.Another study found that the distinctive features of Mozart's music trigger parts of the brain that are responsible for high-level mental functions.Even maternity 31 use Mozart to help newborn babies adapt to life outside ofthe mother's belly.
It has been found that listening to classical music 32 reduces a person's blood pressure.Researchers believe that the calming sounds of classical music may help your heart 33 from stress.Classical music can also be a great tool to help people who have trouble sleeping.One study found that students who had trouble sleeping slept better while they were listening to classical music.
Whether classical music is something that you listen to on a regular basis or not,it wouldn't 34totake time out ofyour day to listen to music that you find 35 .You will be surprised at how good it makes you feel and the potentially positive change in your health
A)alleviate I)loose
B)clarity J)majestic
C)cognitive K)mandatory
D)composers L)recover
E)hurt M)significantly
F)inhibiting N)soothing
G)interrogation O)wards
H)intrinsically
Section B
Directions: In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Eachparagraph is marked wit on. Answer Sheet 2.
The Curious Case of the Tree That Owns Itself
A)In the city of Athens,Georgia,there exists a rather curious local landmark—a large white oak that is almost universally stated to own itself.Because of this,it is considered one of the most famous trees in the world.So how did this treecome to own itself and the land around it?
B)Sometime in the 19th century a Georgian called Colonel William Jackson reportedly took a liking to the said tree and endeavored to protect it from any danger.As to why he loved it so,the earliest documented account of this story is an anonymously written front page article in the Athens WeeklyBanner published on August 12, 1890.It states,“Col.Jackson had watched the tree grow from his childhood,and grew to love it almost as he would a human.Its luxuriant leaves and sturdy limbs had often protected him from the heavy rains, and out ofits highest branches he had many a time gotten the eggs ofthe feathered singers.He watched its growth,and when reaching a ripe old age he saw the tree standing in its magnificent proportions,he was pained to think that after his death it would fall into the hands ofthose who might destroy it.”
C)Towards this end,Jackson transferred by means of a deed ownership of the tree and a little land around it to the tree itself.The deed read,“W.H.Jackson for and in consideration of the great affection which he bears the said tree,and his great desire to see it protected has conveyed unto the said oak tree entire possession of itself and ofall land within eight feet ofit on all sides. ”
D)In time,the tree came to be something ofa tourist attraction,known as The TreeThat Owns Itself.However, in the early 20th century,the tree started showing signs of its slow death,with little that could be done about it.Father time comes for us all eventually,even our often long lived,tall and leafy fellow custodians(看管者) of Earth.Finally,on October 9, 1942,the over 30 meter tall and 200-400 year old tree fell,rumor has it,as a result of a severe windstorm and/or via having previously died and its roots rotted.
E)About four years later,members of the Junior Ladies Garden Club(who'd tended to the tree before its unfortunate death)tracked down a small tree grown from a nut taken from the original tree.And so it was that on October 9, 1946,under the direction of Professor Roy Bowden of the College of Agriculture at the University of Georgia,this little tree was transplanted to the location of its ancestor.A couple of months later,an official ceremony was held featuring none other than the Mayor ofAthens,Robert L McWhorter,to commemorate the occasion.
F)This new tree became known as The Son of the Tree That Owns Itself and it was assumed that,as the original tree's heir,it naturally inherited the land it stood on.Of course,there are many dozens of other trees known to exist descending from the original,as people taking a nut from it to grow elsewhere was a certainty.That said,to date,none of the original tree's other children have petitioned the courts for their share of the land,so it seems all good.In any event,The Son of the Tree That Owns Itself still stands today,though often referred to simply as The Tree That Owns Itself.
G)Thisall brings us around to whether Jackson ever actually gave legal ownership ofthe tree to itself in the first place and whether such a deed is legally binding.
H)Well,to begin with,it turns out Jackson only spent about three years of his life in Athens,starting at the age of 43 from 1829 to 1832,sort of dismissing the idea that he loved the tree from spending time under it as a child and watching it grow,and then worrying about what would happen to it after he died.Further,an extensive search of land ownership records in Athens does not seem to indicate Jackson ever owned the land the tree sits on.
I)He did live on a lot of land directly next to it for those three years,but whether he owned that land or not isn't clear.Whatever the case,in 1832 a four acre parcel,which included the land the tree was on and the neighboring land Jackson lived on,among others,was sold to University professor Malthus A Ward.In the transaction,Wardwas required to pay Jackson a sum of $ 1,200(about $31,000 today),either for the property itself or simply in compensation for improvements Jackson had made on the lot.In the end,whether he ever owned the neighboring lot or was simply allowed to use it while he allegedly worked at the University,he definitely never owned the lot the tree grew on,which is the most important bit for the topic at hand.
J)After Professor Ward purchased the land,Jackson and his family purchased a 655 acre parcel a few miles away and moved there.Ten years later,in 1844,Jackson seemed to have come into financial difficulties and had his little plantation seized by the Clarke County Sheriff's office and auctioned offto settle the mortgage. Thus,had he owned some land in Athens itself,including the land the tree sat on,presumably he would have sold it to raise funds or otherwise had it takenas well.
K)And whatever the case there,Jackson would have known property taxes needed to be paid on the deeded land for the tree to be truly secure in its future.Yet no account or record indicates any trust or the like was set up to facilitate this
L)On top of all this,there is no hard evidence such a deed ever existed,despite the fact that deed records in Athens go back many decades before Jackson's death in 1876 and that it was supposed to have existed in 1890 in the archives according to the original anonymous news reporter who claims to have seen it.
M)As you might imagine from all of this,few give credit to this side of the story.So how did all of this come about then?
N)It is speculated to have been invented by the imagination ofthe said anonymous author at the Athens Weekly Banner in the aforementioned 1890 front page article titled“Deeded to Itself”,which by the way contained 一 several elements that are much more easily proved to be false.As to why the author would do this,it's speculated perhaps it was a 19th century version of a click-bait thought exercise on whether it would be legal for someone to deed such a non-conscious living thing to itselfor not.
O)Whatever the case,the next known instance of the TreeThat Owns Itselfbeing mentioned wasn't until 1901 in the Centennial Edition of that same paper,the Athens Weekly Banner.This featured another account very clearly just copying the original article published about a decade before,only slightly reworded.The next account was in 1906,again in the Athens Weekly Banner,again very clearly copying the original account, only slightly reworded,the 19th century equivalent of re-posts when the audience has forgotten about the original.
36.Jackson was said to have transferred his ownership of the oak tree to itself in order to protect it from being destroyed.
37.No proof has been found from an extensive search that Jackson had ever owned the land where the oak tree grew
38.When it was raining heavily,Jackson often took shelter under a big tree that is said to own itself.
39.There is no evidence that Jacksonhad made arrangements to pay property taxes for the land onwhich the oak tree sat.
40.Professor Ward paid Jackson over one thousand dollars when purchasing a piece ofland from him.
41.It is said the tree that owned itself fell in a heavy windstorm.
42.The story ofthe oak tree is suspected to have been invented as a thought exercise.
43.Jackson's little plantation was auctioned offto settle his debt in the mid-19th century
44.An official ceremony was held to celebrate the transplantingof a small tree to where its ancestor had stood.
45.The story of the Tree That Owns Itself appeared in the local paper several times,with slight alterations in wording.
Section C
Directions:There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fou choices marked A),B),C) and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
It is irrefutable that employees know the difference between right and wrong.So why don't more employees intervene when they see someone exhibiting at-risk behavior in the workplace?
There are a number of factors that influence whether people intervene.First,they need to be able to see a risky situation beginning to unfold.Second,the company's culture needs to make them feel safe to speak up.And third,they need to have the communication skills to say something effectively.
This is not strictly a workplace problem;it's a growing problem off the job too.Every day people witness things on the street and choose to stand idly by.This is known as the bystander effect—the more people who witness an event,the less likely anyone in that group is to help the victim.The psychology behind this is called diffusion of responsibility.Basically,the larger the crowd,the more people assume that someone else will take care of it—meaning no one effectively intervenes or acts in a moment of need.
This crowd mentality is strong enough for people to evade their known responsibilities.But it's not only frontline workers who don't make safety interventions in the workplace.There are also instances where supervisors do not intervene either.
When a group of employees sees unsafe behavior not being addressed at a leadership level it creates the precedent that this is how these situations should be addressed,thus defining the safety culture for everyone.
Despite the fact that workers are encouraged to intervene when they observe unsafe operations,this happens less than half of the time.Fear is the ultimate factor in not intervening.There is a fear of penalty,a fear that they'll have to do more work if they intervene.Unsuccessful attempts in the past are another strong contributing factor to why people don't intervene—they tend to prefer to defer that action to someone else for all future situations.
On many worksites,competent workers must be appointed.Part of theirjob is to intervene when workers perform a taskwithoutthe proper equipment or if the conditions are unsafe.Competentworkers are alsorequired to stop work from continuing when there's a danger.
Supervisors also play a critical role.Even if a competent person isn't required,supervisors need a broad set of skills to not only identify and alleviate workplace hazards but also build a safety climate within theirteam that supports intervening and open communication among them.
Beyond competent workers and supervisors,it's important to educate everyone within the organization that they are obliged to intervene if they witness a possible unsafe act,whether you're adesignated competent person, a supervisoror a frontline worker
46.What is one ofthe factors contributing to failure of intervention in face of riskybehavior in the workplace?
A)Slack supervision style B)Unfavorable workplace culture. C)Unforeseeable risk.
D)Blocked communication.
47.What does the author mean by“diffusion of responsibility”(Line 4,Para.3)?
A)The more people are around,the more they need to worry about their personal safety.
B)The more people who witness an event,the less likely anyone will venture to participate.
C)The more people idling around on the street,the more likely they need taking care of.
D)The more people are around,the less chance someone will step forward to intervene.
48.What happens when unsafe behavior at the workplace is not addressed by the leaders?
A)No one will intervene when they see similar behaviors.
B)Everyone will see it as the easiest way to deal with crisis.
C)Workers have to take extra caution executing their duties
D)Workers are left to take care ofthe emergency themselves.
49.What is the ultimate reason workers won't act when they see unsafe operations?
A)Preference of deferring the action to others.
B)Anticipation of leadership intervention.
C)Fear of being isolated by coworkers
D)Fear of having to do more work
50.What is critical to ensuring workplace safety?
A)Workers be trained to operate their equipment properly
B)Workers exhibiting at-risk behavior be strictly disciplined.
C)Supervisors create a safety environment for timely intervention.
D)Supervisors conduct effective communication with frontline workers.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
The term“environmentalist”can mean different things.It used to refer to people trying to protect wildlife and natural ecosystems.In the 21st century,the term has evolved to capture the need to combat human-made climate change
The distinction between these two strands of environmentalism is the cause of a split within the scientific community about nuclear energy
On one side are purists who believe nuclear power isn't worth the risk and the exclusive solution to the climate crisis is renewable energy.The opposing side agrees that renewables are crucial,but says society needs an amount of power available to meet consumers'basic demands when the sun isn't shining and the wind isn't blowing.Nuclear energy,being far cleaner than oil,gas and coal,is a natural option,especially where hydroelectric capacity is limited
Leon Clarke,who helped author reports for the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,isn't an uncritical supporter of nuclear energy,but says it's a valuable option to have if we're serious about reaching carbon neutrality.
“Core to all of this is the degree to which you think we can actually meet climate goals with 100% renewables,”he said.“If you don't believe we can do it,and you care about the climate,you are forced to think about something like nuclear. ”
The achievability of universal 100%renewability is similarly contentious.Cities such as Burlington, Vermont,have been“ 100%renewable”for years.But these cities often have small populations,occasionally still rely on fossil fuel energy and have significant renewable resources at their immediate disposal.Meanwhile, countries that manage to run off renewables typically do so thanks to extraordinary hydroelectric capabilities.
Germany stands as the best case study for a large,industrialized country pushing into green energy Chancellor Angela Merkel in 2011 announced Energiewende,an energy transition that would phase out nuclear and coal while phasing in renewables.Wind and solar power generation has increased over 400%since 2010, and renewables provided 46%of the country's electricity in 2019.
But progress has halted in recent years.The instability of renewables doesn't just mean energy is often not produced at night,but also that solar and wind can overwhelm the grid during the day,forcing utilities to pay customers to use their electricity.Lagging grid infrastructure struggles to transport this overabundance of green energy from Germany's north to its industrial south,meaning many factories still run on coal and gas.The political limit has also been reached in some places,with citizens meeting the construction ofnew wind turbines with loud protests.
The result is that Germany's greenhouse gas emissions have fallen by around 11.5%since 2010—slower than the EU average of 13.5%.
51.What accounts for the divide within the scientific community about nuclear energy?
A)Attention to combating human-made climate change.
B)Emphasis on protecting wildlife and natural ecosystems.
C)Evolution of the term ‘green energy'over the last century
D)Adherence to different interpretations of environmentalism.
52.What is the solution to energy shortage proposed by purists'opponents?
A)Relying on renewables firmly and exclusively.
B)Using fossil fuel and green energy alternately.
C)Opting for nuclear energy when necessary
D)Limiting people's non-basic consumption.
53.What point does the author want to make with cities like Burlington as an example?
A)It is controversial whether the goal ofthe whole world's exclusive dependence on renewables is attainable
B)It is contentious whether cities with large populations have renewable resources at their immediate disposal.
C)It is arguable whether cities that manage to run off renewables have sustainable hydroelectric capabilities.
D)It is debatable whether traditional fossil fuel energy can be done away with entirely throughout the world.
54.What do we learn about Germany regarding renewable energy?
A)It has increased its wind and solar power generation four times over the last two decades.
B)It represents a good example of a major industrialized country promoting green energy.
C)It relies on renewable energy to generate more than half ofits electricity.
D)It has succeeded in reaching the goal of energy transition setby Merkel.
55.What may be one ofthe reasons for Germany's progress having halted in recent years?
A)Its grid infrastructure's capacityhas fallen behind its development of greenenergy
B)Its overabundance ofgreen energy has forced power plants to suspend operation during daytime.
C)Its industrial south is used to running factories on conventional energy supplies
D)Its renewable energy supplies areunstable both at night and during the day
Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
中国的传统婚礼习俗历史悠久，从周朝开始就逐渐形成了一套完整的婚礼仪式，有些一直沿用至今。如今的中式婚礼习俗已有很大变化，但婚礼庆典仍然十分隆重。婚礼场地经过精心装饰， 以象征喜 庆(jubilance) 的红色为主色调，摆放着许多祝愿新人幸福的物件。在婚礼上，新人要拜天地(bow to Heaven and Earth),拜父母和相互对拜，然后设宴招待宾客，并向宾客敬酒致谢。今天，许多年轻人依然钟情于传统的中式婚礼，体验独特而美好的中国式浪漫。
参考译文
Traditional wedding customs in China have a long history,and since the Zhou Dynasty a complete set of wedding rituals has gradually developed,some ofwhich are still in use today.Nowadays,Chinese wedding customs have changed a lot,but the ceremony is still very grand.The wedding venue is carefully decorated,with the main color of red,a symbol of jubilance,and manyobjects are placed to wish the couple happiness.At the wedding,the couple will bow to Heaven and Earth,totheir parents and to each other,and then hold a banquet to entertain the guests and toast the guests to express their gratitude.Today,many young people still prefer the traditional Chinese wedding,to experience the unique and beautiful Chinese romance
26~30 AIBDC 31~35 OMLEN
36~40 CHBKI 41~45 DNJEO
46~50 BDADC 51~55 DCABA
