中考英语之定语从句
什么是定语从句
定语从句是指在复合句中充当定语的从句，用来修饰名词或代词。被修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
结构公式：先行词 + 关系词 + 定语从句
例句：
The man who is talking is my teacher. (正在说话的那个人是我的老师。)
The book which I bought is interesting. (我买的那本书很有趣。)
核心特征：定语从句相当于一个形容词，对先行词进行修饰或限定。
关系词的分类
关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两类，根据先行词和关系词在从句中充当的成分来选择。
1. 关系代词
who人主语、宾语
The man who is singing is my uncle.
whom人宾语
The man whom you met is my uncle.
which物主语、宾语
The book which is on the desk is mine.
that人或物主语、宾语
The book that I bought is good.
whose人或物定语（……的）
The boy whose father is a doctor is Tom.
2. 关系副词
when时间名词 (day, year, time)时间状语
I remember the day when I met her.
where地点名词 (place, city, room)地点状语This is the school where I studied.
why原因名词 (reason)原因状语
That's the reason why he left.
如何选择关系词
两步法：先看先行词是人还是物，再看关系词在从句中作什么成分。
第一步先行词是人→ 用 who / whom / that / whose
先行词是物→ 用 which / that / whose
第二步在从句中作主语→ 用 who / that / which
在从句中作宾语→ 用 who / whom / that / which（可省略）
在从句中作定语→ 用 whose
在从句中作状语→ 用 when / where / why
高频考点
只用 that 的情况（不能用 which）
先行词是 all, everything, nothing, anything, much, few, littleAll that glitters is not gold.
先行词被 最高级 修饰This is the best film that I have seen.
先行词被 序数词 修饰This is the first book that I read.
先行词被 the only, the very, the last 修饰He is the only person that I trust.
先行词既有人又有物He spoke of the people and things that he had seen.
只用 that 的情况（不能用 which）
只用 which 的情况
非限制性定语从句（有逗号隔开)
The book, which I bought yesterday, is good.
介词 + which 结构
This is the house in which I lived.
学完马上练·效果看得见
1.The man ______ is talking to my father is my uncle.
A. which B. whose C. who D. where
The boy ______ mother is a doctor is my classmate.
A. who B. which C. whose D. whom
3.I still remember the day ______ I first came to Beijing.
A. which B. when C. where D. who
距2026年苏州中考74天
专注初中英语
语法 / 词汇 / 学习方法 / 备考策略
参考
答案
C【解析】 先行词是“the man”（人），关系词在从句中作主语，故选 who。
C【解析】 先行词是“the boy”（人），关系词在从句中作定语（母亲的），故选 whose。
B【解析】 先行词是“the day”（时间名词），关系词在从句中作时间状语，故选 when。
