英语语法轻松学 · 第六期 B 篇
综合复习 · 共三篇
真题例句逐句拆解
中考 · 高考真实例句精讲A 篇练习答案 + 核心考点标注
Whether he agrees is not important. 答案:名词从句(主语从句) Whether he agrees 整体充当主语;去掉从句主句无主语 "is not important" 不完整 |
She is the person who helped me most. 答案:定语从句 who 有先行词 "the person";who 在从句里做主语(who helped);去掉从句主句完整 |
I'll go wherever you go. 答案:状语从句(地点状语从句) wherever 修饰 go(在哪里 go);无先行词;去掉从句 "I'll go." 完整 |
The news that they had won the game spread quickly. 答案:同位语从句(名词从句) that 有先行词 "the news"(抽象名词);that 在从句里不做成分(they had won the game 完整);从句解释 news 的内容 → 同位语从句 |
He speaks English as if he were a native speaker. 答案:状语从句(方式状语从句) as if 说明 speaks 的方式;were 是虚拟语气(他并非母语者);去掉从句 "He speaks English." 完整 |
My dream is that I become a doctor one day. 答案:名词从句(表语从句) that 从句放在系动词 is 后面,充当表语;去掉从句 "My dream is." 不完整 |
The hotel where we stayed was very comfortable. 答案:定语从句 where 有先行词 "the hotel"(地点名词);where 在从句里做地点状语;去掉从句主句完整 |
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以下例句来源于中考常考句型,考点已用颜色标注
| 中考真题 · 宾语从句语序 | 必考! |
原题(选择正确的选项):
Can you tell me ___?
A. where does he live B. where he lives
答案:B — where he lives
核心考点:宾语从句必须用陈述句语序! tell me 后面接宾语从句,疑问词 where 引导,语序变回"主语+谓语" where he lives ✓(陈述语序) where does he live ✗(疑问语序,错误!)
记忆:进了从句就"变乖",不再用疑问语序!
| 中考真题 · 时态呼应 | 必考! |
原题(用正确时态填空):
She said that she ___ (be) very tired.
答案:was
核心考点:主句用过去时,从句时态"向过去推移" said(过去时)→ 从句不能用 is(现在时),要用 was(过去时) 例外:客观事实用一般现在时(She said the earth is round. ✓)
| 中考真题 · 主将从现 | 必考! |
原题(选择正确的选项):
I will tell him the news when he ___.
A. will come back B. comes back
答案:B — comes back
核心考点:主将从现——时间状语从句用一般现在时代替将来时 when 引导时间状语从句,主句 will tell(将来时) → 从句不能用 will come back,要用 comes back
适用:when / while / after / before / until / as soon as / if / unless
| 中考真题 · whether vs if | 高频! |
原题(选择正确的选项):
___ she can finish the work on time is still a question.
A. If B. Whether
答案:B — Whether
核心考点:主语从句只能用 whether,不能用 if 这是主语从句(从句 + is still a question),主语位置不能用 if if 只能做宾语从句引导词
以下例句来源于高考常考句型,含综合从句嵌套
| 高考真题 · 非限制性定语从句 | 必考! |
原题(选择正确的关系词):
He passed the driving test, ___ surprised us all.
A. that B. which C. it D. this
答案:B — which
核心考点:逗号后的非限制性定语从句指代整句话用 which,不用 that 逗号后 → 非限制性定语从句 → 不能用 that which 指代前面整件事(他通过了考试这件事)→ 用 which ✓
| 高考真题 · 同位语从句 vs 定语从句 | 超高频! |
对比下面两句话,判断各属哪种从句:
① The idea that he put forward is worth considering.
② The idea that everyone should be equal is admirable.
解析:
① 定语从句:that 在从句里做 put forward 的宾语(he put forward that);从句限定是"哪个 idea"——他提出的那个想法
② 同位语从句:that 在从句里不做成分(everyone should be equal 完整);从句解释 idea 的内容——人人平等这个想法
判断口诀:that 在从句有成分 = 定语从句;that 无成分 = 同位语从句
| 高考真题 · 强调句 vs 定语从句 | 超难! |
对比下面两句话:
① It is the book that I want most.
② It is a book that tells the history of China.
解析:
① 强调句:It is...that... 结构,去掉 "It is...that": "I want most" — 句子不完整,缺宾语 → 是强调句,强调 "the book"
② 定语从句:去掉 "It is...that": "tells the history of China" — 缺主语,句子不完整 → that 在从句里做主语,是定语从句
判断强调句 vs 定语从句:去掉 "It is...that",剩下部分能否构成完整句子?能 → 强调句;不能 → 定语从句
| 高考真题 · 综合从句嵌套 | 压轴题 |
It is well known that those who are strong-willed can succeed wherever they go.
众所周知,那些意志坚强的人无论走到哪里都能成功。
三层从句全拆解:
第一层:that those...go It is well known + that 从句 → 名词从句(主语从句),it 是形式主语
第二层:who are strong-willed who 有先行词 those,修饰 those → 定语从句
第三层:wherever they go wherever 修饰 succeed(在哪里成功)→ 状语从句(地点)
| 高考真题 · 虚拟语气条件从句 | 必考! |
原题(选择正确的选项):
If I ___ you, I would apologize to her immediately.
A. am B. was C. were D. will be
答案:C — were
核心考点:虚拟条件句中,be 动词一律用 were(不管主语是什么) If I were you(我不是你,假设与现实相反)→ 主语无论是 I/he/she,be 动词都用 were 主句:would + 动词原形(would apologize)
| 序号 | 考点 | 记忆方法 |
| 1 | 从句语序必须是陈述句 | |
| 2 | 主将从现(时间/条件从句) | |
| 3 | 主句过去时,从句时态退一步 | |
| 4 | 主语从句只能用 whether,不用 if | |
| 5 | 非限制性定语从句不用 that | |
| 6 | 同位语从句 that 无成分,不可省 | |
| 7 | although 后不加 but;because 后不加 so | |
| 8 | 虚拟条件 if + 过去时,be 用 were | |
| 9 | 最高级/the only 修饰先行词,定从必用 that | |
| 10 | 介词后只能用 which/whom,不用 that |
下篇预告
第六期 C 篇 · 写作升级专项
用从句让你的作文脱颖而出!简单句 → 高级句升级练习 + 写作模板
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英语语法轻松学 · 每周更新