【典例精析】
1.（2025南通中考）
Dad smiled and pointed to a field full of colorful flowers. "Why not have our own picnic here?" At first, we weren't excited about it, but as we ______ the blanket and started eating, something amazing happened.
A. spread out B. handed out C. cut out D. carried out
【答案】A
【解析】选项词义辨析：
◦ A. spread out：铺开、展开，符合“铺野餐毯”的语境。
◦ B. handed out：分发，常搭配传单、物品等，与“blanket（毯子）”搭配不当。
◦ C. cut out：剪下、删掉，与语境无关。
◦ D. carried out：执行、实施，常搭配计划、任务等，不用于描述铺毯子的动作。
语境逻辑：句中描述野餐的场景，“铺开毯子然后开始吃东西”是符合生活常识的动作流程，因此选spread out。
【知识锦囊】常考介词短语：
about
talk about谈论；讲话 care about 关心；担心 hear about 听说；得知
worry about为……担心 know about 知道；了解 throw about 乱扔；乱抛
across
across from在……对面 come across 偶遇 get across 通过；被理解
go across穿过 run across 横穿；偶然碰到
after
after all毕竟；终究 after a while 不久以后 day after day 日复一日
look after照料；打理 soon after 不久以后
as
as a rule一般来说 as a whole 总的来说 as if 仿佛；好像
as long as只要 as soon as 一……就……
as well as和……一样；也 as well 也 as usual 像往常一样
be famous as以……著称 regard...as 将……视为 the same as 和……一样
at
be surprised at对……惊奇 shout at 对……大声叫唤 call at 拜访；停靠
look at看；注视 laugh at 嘲笑 point at 指向
smile at冲(某人)笑 at a time 每次；依次 at times 有时；间或
at once立刻 at last 最后 at first 起初
at the same time同时 at the moment 此刻 at present 现在；目前
at the end of在……结尾
away
go away走开 get away 离开；出发；度假
put away收拾起来；攒钱 pass away 去世；消失 take away 拿走；外带
give away背弃；泄漏 throw away 扔掉 run away 逃跑
back
come back返回；回想起 give back 归还；使恢复 take back 退回；撤回
look back回顾；回首 get back 回来；寻回 put back 把……放回原处
pay back偿还；报复
before
before long不久；很快 before now 从前；此前
by
by all means一定；当然可以 by and by 不久以后 by chance 无意地；碰巧
by far大大地；……得多 by heart 记牢 by now/then 到如今/那时
by the day按天计算 by the end of 到……结束 by the way 顺便说
drop by顺便拜访 day by day 一天天地 step by step 一步步地
one by one一个接一个
down
count down倒数 turn down 调小；拒绝 slow down 慢下来
calm down平静下来 settle down 安家；定居
lie down躺下(休息或睡眠) write down 写下；记下
for
fight for为……而斗争 send for 派人去请 prepare for 准备；防范
pay for付账；付出代价 leave for 动身去(某地) wait for 等候
look for寻找 apply for 申请 stand for 代表；支持
from
from time to time不时 from now on 从现在起 come from 来自
escape from逃脱；摆脱 learn from 向……学习
in
fill in填写；填充 join in 参加 result in 导致
hand in上交；提出(辞职) drop in 顺便拜访 give in 让步；上交
take in接纳；吸收 in case of 万一；以防 in all 总共
in fact事实上 in a hurry 匆忙 in no time 立刻；很快
in time及时地 in public 公开地 in order 整齐；井然有序
in order to为了…… in the end 最后 in a word 总而言之
into
break into闯入；破门而入 get into trouble 陷入困境 look into 调查；观察
put into effect实行；生效
of
know of得知，听说过 talk of 谈论 hear of 听说
think of想到；想出 dream of 梦见；梦想 consist of 由……组成
remind...of使……想起
off
blow off吹掉；不理会 burn off 烧掉；燃尽 drive off 驱车离开；击退
hurry off匆忙离开 pay off 偿清；取得成功 turn off 关掉；关上
on
on duty值日；值班 on display 展出；陈列 on foot 步行
on holiday/vacation度假 on one’s way 在路上 on sale 销售；出售
on time准时；按时 on the one hand 一方面 on weekends 在周末
on the other hand另一方面 on the whole 总的来说 turn on 打开
agree on赞同 depend on 依赖于；取决于 focus on 集中于
get on上车；相处；进展 hang on 等待片刻；坚持 put on 穿上；增加
hold on稍等片刻；别挂断 live on 以……为生
out
put out扑灭；公布；生产 run out 用完；过期；失效 pick out 选出
keep out使不进入；扣留 find out 查出；弄明白 watch out 当心；注意
work out算出；想出办法 send out 分发；发出
give out公布；分发；用完 sell out 卖完；售光 take out 取出；拿出
blow out吹灭 look out 当心；留神 hand out 给予；分发
turn out结果是；证明是 come out 出版；出来 carry out 执行；实施
over
hand over转交；递交 go over 仔细检查 get over 克服；解决
take over接管；接替 look over 检查；查看 turn over 翻转；移交
think over仔细考虑
since
ever since从那时到现在 long since 很久以前 not long since 不久之前
through
carry through履行 get through 通过；完成 go through 经历；检查
look through浏览；阅读
to
lie to对……说谎 happen to 发生；出现 add to 增加
get to到达；开始 turn to 向……求助 lead to 导致；通向
reply to答复 refer to 谈到；涉及；参阅 agree to 同意
point to指向；针对 write to 写信给 belong to 属于
according to根据；依照
up
add up把……加起来 bring up 提出；呕吐；养育 give up 放弃；戒除
grow up长大(成人) hurry up 赶快；赶紧 look up 查阅；向上看
turn up调大；发现；到达 speed up 加速
take up从事；接受；占据 use up 用完；耗尽 wake up 使清醒；使活跃
with
argue with与……争论 agree with 同意 catch up with 追上；赶上
deal with应付；解决；处理 get on with 与……相处 fight with 与……打架
quarrel with与……争吵 be filled with 充满……
【针对训练】
一、完形填空·真题演练
（2025淮安）
For a long time, I was sure Dad didn’t love me. Mum always wore a warm smile, but Dad always seemed 1 . He was busy with his work every day. When at home, he just read newspapers, 2 talking to me.
Lots of unhappy memories about Dad stayed in my mind. There was one thing I remembered very 3 . It was my first school science show. I was so 4 to join! I spent several weeks making a model ship.
The night 5 the show, when I was adding the last details, one part of the ship broke by accident. I ran to Dad with tears in my eyes. “Dad, please help me! 6 it, please!” I cried. He just took a look and said, “You should be more 7 . Fix it yourself.” Then he went back to his newspaper.
After being refused, I couldn’t express how 8 I felt inside. I thought he didn’t care about my feelings at all. I had to spend the whole 9 fixing the model alone.
The next day at the show, my model wasn’t perfect and I didn’t 10 a prize. For years, I was angry with Dad. 11 when I grew up, I still remembered that heartbroken moment.
I didn’t understand Dad until a similar experience happened to my son. Several years ago, while my son was making a model plane, he broke one of the wings. And I decided to fix it for 12 . Suddenly, Dad’s words came into my mind: “Fix it yourself.” At that moment, I started to understand. Dad just wanted me to 13 some basic skills which would be useful in the future. I gave the model plane back to my son and smiled, “Have a 14 ! You can fix it by yourself.”
Dad didn’t say nice words to me, but he had his own way to teach me a lesson—I should 15 myself. It was one of the most important qualities that made me a better person.
1. A．lazy B．cold C．happy D．friendly
2. A．always B．usually C．often D．seldom
3. A．widely B．clearly C．quickly D．closely
4. A．excited B．calm C．angry D．strange
5. A．to B．till C．before D．after
6. A．Fix B．Sell C．Clean D．Find
7. A．helpful B．honest C．careful D．polite
8. A．endless B．helpless C．careless D．meaningless
9. A．night B．day C．week D．month
10.A．buy B．win C．make D．need
11.A．Just B．Once C．Only D．Even
12.A．you B．her C．him D．them
13.A．share B．change C．develop D．introduce
14.A．try B．rest C．visit D．taste
15. A．take on B．turn on C．carry on D．depend on
二、单项选择·原创好题
1. When I read the poem about the Yangtze River, I always ______ the beautiful scenery of Nantong's riverside.”
A. think of B. look after C. turn down D. put away
2. Many young people use short videos to ______ their talents and hobbies to the world.
A. give up B. show off C. take out D. get on
3. With smart phones and AI tools, teenagers can ______ useful learning resources and improve their studies quickly.
A. get up B. give up C. go away D. look for
4. After finishing your homework and playing games, you should ________ your books, pens and other school things. A tidy desk helps you study better.
A. put away B. give away C. take away D. throw away
5. We should respect and ________ those who work hard and help others. Their spirit can encourage us to be better people.
A. come from B. learn from C. escape from D. hear from
6. Many students use AI tools to improve their study efficiency. When they meet difficult problems, they often ________ new learning methods on the Internet.
A. think of B. dream of C. hear of D. talk of
7. Some smart robots can ________ simple tasks like cleaning the room and sending messages. They make our life much easier.
A. turn out B. come out C. carry out D. give out
8. Traditional culture is our treasure, and we should ________ it with pride and introduce it to more foreign friends.
A. take pride in B. deal with C. agree with D. catch up with
