
中考英语中,词汇既是基础,也是考点重灾区。很多单词看着眼熟,一到单选、完形、写作就容易用错;还有不少近义词傻傻分不清,一考就丢分。
今天整理了16个中考高频核心词汇,包含用法、词性、易混辨析、经典例句,全是考试常考内容,建议初中生收藏背诵!
1. information
information 是不可数名词,意为“信息,情报”。
•修饰词:可用 some, much, a great deal of 等
•表达“一条信息”:a piece of information
例句:A great deal of information can be stored in the computer.
计算机能储存大量的信息。
【辨析】information / news / message
•information:通过学习、观察、查询得到的资料、信息
•news:不可数名词,新闻、消息(广播、电视、报纸报道)
•message:可数名词,口信、留言(传递给某人的消息)
例句:I like listening to news on the radio.
我喜欢听广播新闻。
Could you leave a message?
你可以留个口信吗?
2. past
一词多义,中考常考三种词性:
1.介词:经过,穿过
Go past the hospital, and you will see the post office.
2.名词:过去
Alice has traveled a lot in the past.
3.形容词:过去的
Great changes have taken place in the past 20 years.
【区分】past vs pass
•past多作介词/名词/形容词
•pass是动词:经过、传递
Please pass me the book. 请把书递给我。
3. depend
不及物动词,意为“依靠、依赖、取决于”,必须搭配 on / upon。
1.depend on + 人/物
Whether we’ll go camping depends on the weather.
2.depend on + 从句
Our success depends on whether everyone works hard.
3.口语句型:It (all) depends. / That depends.看情况而定。
4. correct
既可作形容词,也可作动词,考点非常全面。
1.形容词:正确的;恰当的
Do homework in a correct way.
2.动词:改正,批改,矫正
It takes him a lot of time to correct the students’ homework.

5. course
可数名词,复数courses,中考常考多个含义:
1.课程
He took several courses last term.
2.一道菜
a five-course meal 五道菜的大餐
3.航线、道路
The ship has altered its course.
4.球场
a golf course 高尔夫球场
【固定搭配】
•of course 当然
•in the course of… 在……期间
6. beside
方位介词:在……旁边
His room is beside mine.
他的房间在我隔壁。
【易混】beside vs besides
•beside:在……旁边
•besides:除……之外(还有),表示累加
Besides milk, we need vegetables.
7. look forward to
固定短语:期待,盼望
重点:to 是介词,后面接名词 / 动名词(doing)
I look forward to being alone in the house.
We look forward to the return of spring.
【提醒】
很多同学误以为 to 后面一定加动词原形,这里是高频易错点!
8. mean
动词,中考三大核心含义:
1.打算,意欲
I mean you to spend this money carefully.
2.意味着
This snow means no sport this afternoon.
3.意思是,指
A dictionary tells you what words mean.
【易错结构】
•mean to do sth. 打算做某事
•mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
Missing the train means waiting for another hour.

9. silent
形容词:沉默的,无言的
名词形式:silence
We shouldn’t keep silent when the teacher asks questions.
【近义词辨析】calm / still / quiet / silent
•calm:沉着,冷静(面对情绪/危险)
•still:静止不动(物理状态)
•quiet:安静,不吵闹(环境/人)
•silent:沉默,不说话
10. helpful
形容词:有帮助的
The dictionary is very helpful to me.
构词法:动词 + ful → 形容词
•care → careful
•use → useful
•wonder → wonderful
11. score
可作动词和名词:
1.动词:得分,进球
Hughes scored two goals before half-time.
2.名词:分数;二十;乐谱
He bought two scores of apples.(两打即40个)
12. interview
动词:采访,面试
•interview sb. 采访/面试某人
•be interviewed by 被……采访
We are going to interview the manager.
13. dare
既可作实义动词,也可作情态动词。
1.实义动词:dare to do sth. 敢于做某事
He didn’t dare to look at her.
2.情态动词:后接动词原形,多用于否定/疑问
I daren’t ask her for a rise.
14. seldom
副词:很少,不常(否定含义)
位置:行为动词前,be动词/助动词后。
Mr Brown seldom goes out.
【频度副词对比】
always(100%) → usually(80%) → often(60%) → sometimes(40%) → seldom(20%) → never(0%)
15. pride & proud
•pride名词:骄傲,自豪
take pride in… 为……感到骄傲
•proud形容词:骄傲的,自豪的
be proud of… / be proud to do…
We are proud to be Chinese.
They take pride in their daughter.
16. absent
形容词:缺席的,不在的
•be absent from… 缺席……
•反义词:present 出席的
How many students are absent today?
拓展:absent-minded 心不在焉的
总结
这16个单词看似简单,但每一个都藏着中考陷阱:
不可数名词、介词用法、固定搭配、近义词辨析、词性转换……
每天记2-3个,结合例句理解,单选、完形、写作都能稳稳提分!

