中考专题+简单句考点归纳-2026届中考英语总复习（人教版）
考情分析
考点 | 考向 |
基本句型 | ①简单句的五种基本句型 ②There be结构 |
陈述句 | ①肯定句：主语+谓语（+其他）. ②否定句：主语+don't/doesn't/didn't+动词原形（+其他）. 主语+am not/isn't/aren't/can't/hasn't/haven't/...+... |
疑问句 | ①一般疑问句： Do/Does/Did+主语+动词原形（+其他）？ Am/Is/Are/Can/Has/Have/...+主语+...？ ②特殊疑问句： What/Who/When/Where/Why/How/How often/...+ 一般疑问句？ |
祈使句 | ①肯定形式：动词原形（+...）/... ②否定形式： Don't+动词原形（+...）/... |
感叹句 | ①what引导的感叹句： What+a/an+形容词+可数名词的单数形式（+主语+谓语）! What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！ ②how引导的感叹句： How+形容词/副词（+主语+谓语）! |
考点1 简单句的基本句型
一、简单句的五种基本句型
1.主语+不及物动词
Ilive near a supermarket. （near a supermarket为状语，作修饰成分）
2.主语+及物动词+宾语
Weboughtan expensive house. （expensive为定语，作修饰成分）
3.主语+系动词+表语
All of these experiencesareinterestingfor us. （for us为状语，作修饰成分）
4.主语+谓语动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
Doing sportsbringsushealth.
拓展
通常间接宾语是人，直接宾语是物，即“动词+sb.+sth.”。如果动词后为某物，则需要加上介词to/for再加某人，即“动词+sth.+to/for+sb.”。如：buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb.（给某人买某物）；send/show/return sb. sth.=send/show/return sth. to sb. （给某人寄送/展示某物/归还某物给某人）。
5.主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语
Wefoundthe bookinteresting.
随堂训练
1．（25-26九年级上·北京·开学考试）Which of the following sentences follows the structure of “S（主）+V（谓）+IO（间宾）+DO（直宾）”?
A．Autumn leaves turn brown.B．Tommy does some reading every day.
C．I found him very interesting.D．Sandy’s mum bought her a new hat.
2．（2024七年级上·河南郑州·专题练习）Which of the following is the same as “I saw him playing the piano.” in sentence pattern?
A．We call her Miss Zhang.B．I gave him a new pencil.
C．He likes English very much.D．They were at home yesterday.
3．（2025·甘肃平凉·三模）The sentence structure of “Tom is playing basketball.” is ________.
A．S+V+OB．S+V+PC．S+V+IO+DOD．S+V+DO+OC
4．（2025·安徽六安·模拟预测）The sentence structure of “Mr Zhang teaches us English.” is _________.
A．S+V+DOB．S+V+IO+DO
C．S+V+DO+OCD．S+V+P
5．（2024·甘肃武威·模拟预测）The sentence pattern of “Staying with students brings Jack much pleasure.” is ________.
A．S+VB．S+V+PC．S+V+IO+DOD．S+V+O+OC
二、There be 结构（存现句）
1.结构及意义：“There be+某物/某人+某地/某时”结构表示“某地或某时有某物或某人”。
例：There is a good movie on TV tonight.（今天晚上电视上有一部好电影。）
2.There be结构的就近原则：be动词的单复数形式必须和There be 之后的第一个主语保持一致。
例：There isan apple and two books on the table.
3.There be结构的时态：There be结构时态的变化体现在be动词上，而且be动词可以和各种助动词或情态动词连用。
时态 | 结构 | 例句 |
一般现在时 | There is/are... | There are forty students in the classroom. |
一般过去时 | There was/were... | There was a talk show on TV yesterday. |
一般将来时 | There will be...或There is/are going to be... | There will be a concert on Saturday. There is going to be a football game tomorrow. |
随堂训练
1．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）The notice said there ________ a basketball match in our school next week.
A．will beB．isC．would haveD．would be
2．（2025·云南丽江·一模）—What exciting event will happen in our school next Monday?
—There __________ a singing competition in our school.
A．is going to haveB．will haveC．is going to beD．are going to be
38．（23-24九年级上·江苏徐州·月考）Could you tell me ________ a meeting in Guangzhou next week?
A．whether is there going to beB．whether there is going to have
C．if there was going to beD．if there is going to be
4．（25-26九年级上·甘肃武威·开学考试）There ________ a lot more places to enjoy in Wuwei in the future.
A．areB．will beC．will haveD．is going to have
5．（24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试）I hope there ________ rain tomorrow because we will go out for a picnic.
A．to be noB．will be not muchC．will not be muchD．will have
考点2 句子种类
句子按其用途可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句四类。
一、陈述句
陈述句用来陈述事实或表达说话者的看法，分为肯定句和否定句。句末通常用句号。
类型 | 结构或用法 | 例句 |
肯定句 | 基本结构：主语+谓语（+其他） | I played basketball yesterday. |
否定句 | 谓语部分只有实义动词时：主语+don't/doesn't/didn't+谓语动词原形 | They didn't play basketball yesterday. |
谓语部分含有系动词be、助动词、情态动词时，否定形式为在它们后面直接加not | Jim isn't playing football now. We can't live without water. |
随堂训练
1．（25-26九年级下·河北石家庄·开学考试）My brother ________ a new bag, but I ________.
A．has; don’tB．have; doesn’tC．has; doesn’tD．have; don’t
2．（25-26九年级上·上海虹口·月考）Tom ________ any help because he can do the work himself.
A．needsB．doesn’t need toC．doesn’t needD．needn’t
3．（25-26九年级上·江西抚州·期中）I ________ sleep very well, but then I started doing yoga and it really helps.
A．used toB．was used toC．didn’t use toD．wasn’t used to
二、疑问句
1.疑问句的分类和结构
类型 | 含义及特点 | 结构 | 例句 |
一般疑问句 | 以系动词be、助动词或情态动词开头，可以用yes或no来回答 | 谓语部分只有实义动词时：Do/Does/Did+主语+谓语动词原形+（其他）？ | —Does she live in Beijing? —Yes, she does./No, she doesn't. |
谓语部分含有系动词be、情态动词或助动词时，系动词be、情态动词或助动词在主语前 | —Are you a middle school student? —Yes, I am./No, I am not. —Have you ever been to Shanghai? —Yes, I have. /No, I haven't. | ||
特殊疑问句 | 由疑问词（组）引导，不能用yes或no来回答 | 疑问词（组）+一般疑问句？ | —Where does she live? —She lives in Beijing. |
选择疑问句 | 在两种或两种以上情况中进行选择的疑问句；回答不用yes或no，而是一个完整的句子或其省略形式 | 一般选择疑问句：一般疑问句+or+被选择的内容之一？ | —Do you like apples or pears? —I like pears. |
特殊选择疑问句：特殊疑问句， A or B？ | —Which do you like better, tea or coffee? —I like coffee better. |
2.疑问词（组）
类型 | 疑问词（组） | 含义及用法 | 示例 |
疑问代词 | what | “什么”，没有指定的范围 | What would you like? |
询问某人的职业 | —What's your father? —He is a teacher. | ||
which | “哪一个/些”，范围明确 | Which is your favourite season? | |
who | “谁” ，询问某人的身份、姓名，作主语或宾语（紧跟在介词后面时只能用whom） | Who is the boy under the tree? Who/Whom are you talking to? | |
whom | “谁”，who的宾格形式，作宾语 | To whom are you talking? | |
whose | “谁的”，多位于名词前 | Whose book is this? | |
疑问副词（词组） | when | “什么时候”，问时间 | When do you get up? |
where | “在哪里”，问地点 | Where is my ruler? | |
why | “为什么”，问原因（常用because或不定式回答） | Why do you like spring? Why did Tom go to the library yesterday? | |
how | “怎样”，问方式 | —How do you go to school? —By bike/bus. | |
how far | “多远”，问距离 | How far is it from here? | |
how long | “多久”，问持续时间（常用“for+时间段”回答） | —How long have you lived in Beijing? —For ten years. | |
“多长”，问长度 | How long is the Yellow River? | ||
how often | “多久一次”，问频率（可以用“once/twice/three times+时间段”或every day等回答） | —How often do you go to the cinema? —Twice a month. | |
how soon | “多久”，问要多长时间（常用“in+时间段”回答） | —How soon can you finish it? —In an hour. | |
how much | “多少钱”，问价格 | How much is the milk? | |
“多少”，问不可数名词的量 | How much water is left? | ||
how many | “多少”，问可数名词的数量 | How many days are there in a year? | |
how old | “多大年纪”，问年龄 | How old are you? |
随堂训练
1．（25-26九年级下·北京·开学考试）—Excuse me, I’m new here. ________ is the train station from this school?
—It’s about two kilometers away.
A．How longB．How muchC．How farD．How many
2．（25-26九年级上·北京通州·月考）—________ do you usually go to the library?
—Twice a week.
A．How longB．How oftenC．How farD．How soon
3．（25-26九年级上·安徽亳州·期末）—________ students are there in your class?
—________ 42 students, 22 girls and 20 boys.
A．How much; There isB．How much; There has
C．How many; There areD．How many; There have
4．（2026九年级·全国·专题练习）—________ is it from your home to school?
—About two kilometers.
A．How longB．How oftenC．How soonD．How far
三、祈使句
祈使句用来表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告、建议等。主语you常常省略，谓语动词用原形。
类型 | 结构 | 例句 |
肯定形式 | 动词原形（+...） | Read English loud!Be quiet! |
let+宾语+动词原形（+...） | Let me help you. | |
否定形式 | don't+动词原形（+...） | Don't talk in class.Don't be late again! |
no+名词/动词的-ing形式 | No smoking. （=Don't smoke.） | |
never+动词原形（+...） | Never give up! | |
let+宾语+not+动词原形（+...） | Let's not talk about it. |
拓展“祈使句, and/or+含有一般将来时的陈述句”句型
此句型中，祈使句表示条件，在意义上相当于一个条件状语从句。and表顺承;or表不做某事的后果，意为“否则”。如：Study hard, and you will get a better grade next time.
随堂训练
1．（25-26九年级下·吉林长春·开学考试）________, Tutu, or you will be late for class. There are only two minutes left.
A．Hurry upB．To hurry upC．Hurrying upD．Hurried up
2．（25-26九年级上·上海静安·期中）Jane, ________ eat too many sweets. They are bad for your teeth.
A．not toB．doesn’tC．don’tD．not
3．（2026九年级·全国·专题练习）Don’t ______ late for school again.
A．beB．isC．areD．was
4．（2026·上海嘉定·一模）If there is any problem with the smart cleaner, ________ the manager directly, please.
A．contactB．to contactC．contactingD．contacted
四、感叹句
感叹句是用来表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子。常用what和how引导。
类别 | 结构 | 例句 |
what引导的感叹句 | What+a/an+形容词+可数名词的单数形式（+主语+谓语）! | What a beautiful girl （she is）! |
What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词（+主语+谓语）! | What important jobs （they have done）! What good news （it is）! | |
how引导的感叹句 | How+形容词/副词（+主语+谓语）! | How delicious （the noodles are）! How fast （the river runs）! |
易错提示 what 引导的感叹句中心词是名词；how引导的感叹句中心词是形容词/副词。
如“__ interesting books these are!”的中心词为books，句中these are为主语和谓语，因此填What；而“__ interesting the books are!”的中心词是interesting，the books are为主语和谓语，因此填How。
随堂训练
1．（25-26九年级上·云南昆明·期末）________ great progress China has made in technology, such as in 5G and AI!
A．WhatB．What aC．How aD．How
2．（2026九年级·云南·专题练习）________ amazing achievement the Chinese scientists have made in the field of quantum computing (量子计算)!
A．WhatB．What anC．HowD．How an
3．（2026九年级·云南·专题练习）________ exciting news it is! China has successfully launched another space station module.
A．WhatB．What anC．HowD．How an
4．（25-26九年级下·江西上饶·开学考试）—Jenny won first prize in Sharing Chinese Stories in English Competition.
—________ great news it is! Her English used to be pretty bad.
A．How aB．HowC．What aD．What
5．（22-23九年级上·河南郑州·期末）—________ excellent work you have done!
—It’s very kind of you to say so.
A．What anB．HowC．WhatD．How an
综合训练
一．单句语法填空
1．There （be）many modern high-speed railways in Jiangsu and they help people travel easily.
2．We hope there（be）a computer on every student's desk in the future.
3．There（be）not any tests to measure how kind you are to your friends,or how much you love to draw.
4．There（be）a few things that you can do.
5．A great saying always helps a lot.There（be）a lot of great Chinese sayings and many of them are about how to live a good life.
6．There will be（rain）tomorrow.We can't eat out.We have to stay at home.
7．It was getting colder and colder,and there（be）less than 10 people in the square.
8．Scientists worry that soon there（not be）enough water for us.What can we do to help?Use water wisely.
9．strange it was!I left my book on the desk,but it was on the sofa when I came back.
10． （close）your eyes and let music paint pictures in your mind.When the music ends,
（open）your eyes and write down what you remember.
11．There（be）some good advice and ways about how to use the Internet correctly and wisely.
12．The cheers filled the air.an exciting basketball game!
13．—Attention,please!（stay）inside because of the heavy rain.
—We will,Mr.Li.
14．useful knowledge the astronaut in Tiangong Classroom has taught us!
15．Lastly,act now!Speak clearly,（raise）your head and you'll notice the difference in the way you feel and the way people see you.
16．—Dad,shall we go to the library by bike or by car?
—By bike.There（be）no parking lot there.
17．（keep）trying and do your best.
18．—The pen can translate what you write down into English.
—an interesting invention!
19．（spend）less time on the phone at night,or you will find it hard to fall asleep.
20．The C919,China's self-made large plane,is now in use.exciting the news is!
21．Sometimes her grandchildren say to her,“Please（not go）out in your car all by yourself,Granny.We can take you to the shops.”
二、翻译句子
1．不用时，请关掉电灯、电视和电脑。
___________________________________________________________________
2．我们能做什么来帮助有需要的人？
________________________________________
3．别放弃！尽最大的努力，你一定会成功！
__________________________________________________
4．我们的学校旅行多么不寻常!我永远不会忘。（what）
______________________________________________________________
5．无论你做什么，都不要失去勇气。（whatever,never）
__________________________________________
6．这个周末，秦皇岛有一场大型音乐会。
__________________________________________________________
7．你通常怎样使用零花钱?（spend）
____________________________________________
8．让我们看看十年后我们中多少人能实现自己的梦想。
__________________________________________________________________
三．语法选择
A
（2025·广东佛山·三模）请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将对应选项涂黑。
39-year-old Liu is a shop owner in Xinjiang. Days ago, he 1by people for patiently picking a hat for a sick child and giving it to the child for free.
The moving story took place in 2children’s clothes shop in Xinjiang on December 31. That day a woman with a child walked into the shop and stood in front of a shelf filled with 3for a long time. The child looked pale and his mother wasn’t sure which hat to pick. Seeing that, the shop owner Liu talked with the mother to see if he could help 4.
After knowing that the child was receiving chemotherapy (化疗), Liu decided5him a hat for free. He then put different hats on the child 6until he chose his favourite one. The mother was very thankful 7Liu.
Liu is from Zhengzhou, Henan. He and his wife 8a shop selling children’s clothes in Xinjiang years ago. The couple have sent clothes worth 20,000 yuan to poor children 9they started the shop.
“The hat isn’t worth much. I just hope it will bring warmth to him. I just want to be kinder and 10in the future. Everyone should show a little love to others, especially those who are in need.” Liu said.
1．A．praisedB．is praisedC．was praised
2．A．aB．anC．the
3．A．hatB．hatsC．hats’
4．A．theyB．themC．their
5．A．giveB．givingC．to give
6．A．careB．carefulC．carefully
7．A．toB．fromC．with
8．A．openB．openedC．will open
9．A．sinceB．whileC．unless
10．A．helpfulB．more helpfulC．the most helpful
B
（2025·广东佛山·三模）Nasheng, a 32-year-old doctor, works in a small town in Yunnan and takes care of more than 5, 400 villagers here. 1a child, she saw her family have trouble getting medical help in inland areas. Long journeys and language problems made it even 2. Therefore, she studied medicine in college and came back 3her hometown.
When she joined Yangla Town Health Center in 2021, life wasn’t easy. She lived in a tiny room 4had little after-work fun. “Life here was 5, but I never thought of leaving,” she smiled. To help more people, free mobile health checks 6in villages every month. She noticed that 7old couldn’t get treatment again, because the health center was too far. She suggested building a basic health station. Now it has a doctor, bringing care closer to the villagers.
Villagers are thankful for 8she has done. An 80-year-old grandma once bought 9some fresh fruit from another town. Villagers also invited her to join their celebrations during the last Spring Festival.
“Maybe I 10to college one day,” she said, “but I’ll always come back. This is my home.” Just like Nasheng, we should use what we learn to take care of the land that raised us.
1．A．AsB．ForC．With
2．A．hardB．harderC．hardest
3．A．helpB．helpingC．to help
4．A．andB．orC．but
5．A．boredB．boringC．boredom
6．A．offeredB．were offeredC．were offering
7．A．aB．anC．the
8．A．whatB．thatC．how
9．A．sheB．herC．hers
10．A．goB．wentC．will go
四．选词填空
A
（2025·广东佛山·三模）请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次。
theyasliferestaurantsotiredalonemakekeepchangedeliciousslow |
The old saying “Good medicine tastes bitter.” may be no longer true. For a long time, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is thought to be good for health but not 1to eat or drink. However, things are different now.
A creative TCM milk tea is 2by Chongqing Jiangbei District Hospital of TCM. It’s not so sweet 3common milk tea and has a little herbal (药草的) smell. “The TCM milk tea is popular. Almost everyone who tried it shares the special taste with their friends,” says a doctor in the hospital. At the same time, some 4sell food and drinks with TCM. You can have bread and cakes with low sugar and ice cream that is cool but can help you lower the summer heat 5.
TCM food and drinks are popular among young people. For one thing, young people are 6because of their busy work. They always call themselves “crispy skin youths” (脆皮青年). That’s why they want to 7their poor diets. For another, it’s hard for 8to give up their love for junk food. They think 9will be boring without tasty food. Now different kinds of TCM food and drinks were made to meet the needs for different tastes by the scientists and doctors, 10more and more young people choose TCM food and drinks.
B
（2025·广东佛山·三模）请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
whilewarmofmealsimpleimaginefactforstorytruetheybeat |
Hot pot, a popular dish, has a long history of about two thousand years in China. 1sitting around a warm pot at a table with your friends and family. Everyone is laughing, telling 2and cooking their food right in the pot. This isn’t just about eating. It’s about having a good time together.
The story of hot pot started because people needed to keep 3in winter. They found eating meat and vegetables from a pot of hot soup made 4feel comfortable and full. Then hot pot started as a common way to 5the cold. Then it grew into a tradition and spread all over China.
As time went by, each part of China made its own special kind 6hot pot. For example, Sichuan made a spicy hot pot, 7Beijing preferred a clear soup with thin pieces of mutton. This shows how one 8idea can change into so many different and delicious dishes.
Now, people all around the world enjoy hot pot. It 9shows how food can bring us together. It’s more than just a 10. It’s a way to bring people closer, share joy and create good memories.
五．语法填空
A
（2025·浙江湖州·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
An English teacher from New Zealand recently explored the beautiful countryside of Baoding in North China’s Hebei Province by cycling with his family.
Along with more than 100 cyclists, Robert’s whole family 1(take) part in the “Riding in Baoding” event on Saturday, experiencing 2natural beauty, rich culture and prosperity of countryside.
“I’ve been in Baoding for almost 10 years and have witnessed the rapid development here, especially in the rural areas where people are kind and living a 3(good) life than before,” said the 56-year-old Robert.
Robert came to Baoding in 2015 and has worked at Hebei Finance University 4an English teacher. He also married a Chinese woman and they live 5(happy) with their children. During his time in Baoding, he has enjoyed 6(he) in various activities to learn about Chinese culture, 7he now even knows a lot about traditional Chinese medicine.
“After experiencing this, I hope 8(share) the stories of the countryside and its people with the world,” he said.
The “Riding in Baoding” event to explore the beautiful countryside 9(hold) from March to July every year, visiting over seventy 10(village) in 20 counties. The activities show the features and charm of the beauty and new looks of the countryside.
B
（2025·浙江湖州·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
“Thank you for your email. I 1(leave) already to follow my dream of knitting (编织) sweaters for penguins and no longer work for the school. I won’t be back to my office 2my penguin friends are happy.” 3(month) ago a teacher in the UK sent this email to her Chinese student, and it soon became popular online.
You may find this email 4(surprise), but knitting sweaters for penguins is a real act of kindness. The Penguin Foundation came up with 5idea. The activity began because of a serious oil spill (泄漏) near Phillip Island 6the 2010s. Then the number and health of baby penguins had a serious drop. When little penguins were covered in oil, 7(they) lives were put in danger.
8(solve) this problem, the foundation asked people from all over the world to knit sweaters for penguins. These sweaters could keep them warm and stop them from eating the oil. 9(luck), the idea worked. Soon there was another oil spill near Phillip Island. This time, the sweaters helped save 96 percent of the penguins in the area.
However, some bird protection groups have questioned 10these sweaters might put more stress (压力) on penguins. The foundation said the sweaters are only used for a short time. Once the penguins are better, they no longer wear them.
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