整理与使用说明
本文是2015年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语(二)的无障碍读本。
无障碍读本的含义:
给全文加了中文翻译
答案和解析插入正文
给出作文评分标准和范文
建议使用方法:
看一遍本文,理解每个句子和单词;
根据印象,把题做一遍;
做完对照本文,标出错题;
分析完错误原因再做一遍。
题有新旧,但英语能力没有。
精读一套,胜过糊涂十套。
我建议大家用“平行文本法”精读真题,背单词、习得语感、熟悉考试一举多得。如果按照这个方式从2013年到2025年的所有真题都刷一遍(每个单词都认识,每个句子都懂,每个题都会做),课本不用看也都能考过。
所谓“平行文本法”就是先读中文翻译,再仔细读英文原文,琢磨每个单词对应什么样的含义,琢磨英文的语序和表达习惯。这个方法可以参考文末提到的丰子恺的学外语策略。
通过仔细琢磨可以同时习得词汇和语感。这里没提语法,是因为很多人太把语法当回事了,似乎觉得不懂语法就无法读、无法写英文一样。关于语法,我说什么自然没有说服力,大家可以看文末文章链接里林语堂的观点和丰子恺的经验。
考试时间 150 分钟,满分 100 分。
阅读判断
(第 1~10 题,每题 1 分,共 10 分)
答题要求:下面的短文后列出了 10 个句子,请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断:如果该句提供的是正确信息,选择 A;如果该句提供的是错误信息,选择 B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,选择 C。将所选答案代码填在答题卡相应位置。
My Writing Teacher
我的写作老师
English writing was always easy for me, but that changed on the first day I walked into Mrs. Johnson's class.
英语写作对我来说一直很容易,但当我走进约翰逊夫人的课堂那天,一切都变了。
Before that, I'd heard rumors from former students.
在此之前,我从往届学生那里听到了一些传言。
They said she was strict and her class was hard to pass.
他们说她很严格,她的课很难通过。
So I was very nervous.
所以我非常紧张。
【对应题目 1】
I was worried when I was in Mrs. Johnson's first class.
【答案】A (True)
【解析】原文 “so I was very nervous” 中 “nervous”(紧张的)与题干 “worried”(担忧的)为同义替换,直接对应题干表述,故答案为 A。
The first time we met, Mrs. Johnson told us her class would be difficult, but she would give us new "tools" and guide us through.
我们第一次见面时,约翰逊夫人告诉我们她的课会很难,但她会给我们新的 “工具” 并指导我们度过难关。
She explained that her grading system was different, and that we would not see high scores soon.
她解释说她的评分系统不一样,我们不会很快拿到高分。
【对应题目 2】
Mrs. Johnson used the same grading system as other teachers.
【答案】B (False)
【解析】原文明确表述 “her grading system was different”(她的评分系统不一样),与题干 “used the same grading system”(使用和其他老师相同的评分系统)表意相反,故答案为 B。
"Everything you do in class matters," she said. "As writing is an art, it takes a long time to perfect."
“你在课堂上做的每一件事都很重要,” 她说,“因为写作是一门艺术,需要很长时间才能完善。”
【对应题目 3】Mrs. Johnson regards writing as an art.
A. True B. False C. Not Given
【答案】A (True)
【解析】原文直接引用约翰逊夫人的话 “As writing is an art”(因为写作是一门艺术),与题干表述完全一致,故答案为 A。
Mrs. Johnson scared me.
约翰逊夫人让我感到害怕。
I was afraid of what she would say if I asked a question.
我害怕如果我提问,她会说什么。
So in class I kept silent most of the time and couldn't follow her.
所以在课堂上我大部分时间都保持沉默,跟不上她的思路。
【对应题目 4】I was active in class in the beginning.
A. True B. False C. Not Given
【答案】B (False)
【解析】原文 “kept silent most of the time”(大部分时间保持沉默)与题干 “active in class”(在课堂上很活跃)表意相反,故答案为 B。
When I got my first essay back, my grade was terrible.
当我拿回我的第一篇作文时,我的成绩很糟糕。
【对应题目 6】I got a high score for my first essay.
【答案】B (False)
【解析】原文 “my grade was terrible”(成绩很糟糕)与题干 “got a high score”(拿到高分)表意相反,故答案为 B。
I was annoyed with Mrs. Johnson.
我对约翰逊夫人很不满。
I disliked going to her class.
我不喜欢去上她的课。
【对应题目 5】Most students enjoyed Mrs. Johnson's class.
【答案】C (Not Given)
【解析】原文仅描述 “我不喜欢上她的课”,未提及 “大多数学生” 对该课程的态度,无相关对应信息,故答案为 C。
Then I realized I needed to find out what I could do to improve my grade and how to use the "tools" in my writing.
后来我意识到,我需要弄清楚我能做些什么来提高我的成绩,以及如何在写作中使用这些 “工具”。
As I still didn't dare to talk to Mrs. Johnson in person, I e-mailed her.
因为我仍然不敢亲自和约翰逊夫人交谈,所以我给她发了电子邮件。
In this way, she and I worked together to improve my writing.
就这样,她和我一起努力提高我的写作水平。
【对应题目 8】Mrs. Johnson let me improve my writing by myself.
【答案】B (False)
【解析】原文 “she and I worked together to improve my writing”(她和我一起努力提高我的写作水平)与题干 “let me improve by myself”(让我自己提高)表意相反,故答案为 B。
By and by, I could talk to her both online and in person.
渐渐地,我既能在网上和她交流,也能当面和她交谈了。
【对应题目 7】Mrs. Johnson preferred to e-mail students.
【答案】C (Not Given)
【解析】原文仅说明 “我最初不敢当面交流,选择发邮件”,未提及 “约翰逊夫人更喜欢用邮件和学生交流”,无相关对应信息,故答案为 C。
She walked me through every step to understand how to write an essay.
她一步步指导我,让我明白如何写一篇文章。
Together we saw improvement in my work.
我们一起见证了我作品的进步。
【对应题目 9】I finally became a top student in the writing class.
【答案】C (Not Given)
【解析】原文 “saw improvement in my work”(作品有进步)仅说明成绩提升,但未提及 “成为写作课的尖子生”,无相关对应信息,故答案为 C。
From this I discovered that asking for help could actually work.
由此我发现,寻求帮助实际上是有效的。
Behind everything Mrs. Johnson was saying, she actually cared about me and where I would be in the future.
在约翰逊夫人所说的一切背后,她实际上很关心我,也关心我的未来。
【对应题目 10】Mrs. Johnson cared about my future.
【答案】A (True)
【解析】原文直接表述 “she actually cared about me and where I would be in the future”(她实际上很关心我和我的未来),与题干表述完全一致,故答案为 A。
She knocked me down so that I could climb back stronger.
她让我经历挫折,这样我才能更坚强地重新站起来。
阅读选择
(第 11~15 题,每题 2 分,共 10 分)
答题要求:阅读下面短文,请从短文后所给各题的 4 个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出 1 个最佳选项,将所选答案代码填在答题卡相应位置。
The Kilt
苏格兰短裙(基尔特)
Whenever people from Scotland live in foreign countries, they are always asked: "Is Scotland that place where men wear skirts?"
每当苏格兰人住在国外时,他们总会被问到:“苏格兰就是那个男人穿裙子的地方吗?”
The short answer is yes, but there is more about the myths of Scottish "skirts".
简短的答案是肯定的,但关于苏格兰 “裙子” 还有更多不为人知的故事。
The "skirt" that Scotsmen sometimes wear is called a kilt.
苏格兰男人有时穿的 “裙子” 叫做基尔特。
【对应题目 11】
According to the text, Scotsmen_____.
A. like foreign culture
B. sometimes wear kilts
C. enjoy talking about kilts
D. often visit foreign countries
【答案】B (sometimes wear kilts)
【解析】原文直接表述 “The'skirt' that Scotsmen sometimes wear is called a kilt”(苏格兰男人有时穿的 “裙子” 叫做基尔特),与选项 B 完全对应,故答案为 B。
It is part of the traditional dress of Scotland.
它是苏格兰传统服饰的一部分。
The kilt is clearly very famous across the world.
基尔特在全世界显然非常有名。
It seems that everybody has heard of it, and that most people have seen a picture of a man wearing one.
似乎每个人都听说过它,而且大多数人都见过男人穿它的照片。
People's knowledge and ideas about Scotsmen wearing these funny kilts come from films and television.
人们对苏格兰男人穿这种有趣基尔特的了解和印象来自电影和电视。
【对应题目 12】
People's ideas about the kilt mainly come from_____.
A. films and TV B. tourist shops
C. Scottish culture D. local supermarkets
【答案】A (films and TV)
【解析】原文直接表述 “People's knowledge and ideas... come from films and television”(人们的了解和印象来自电影和电视),“television” 缩写为 “TV”,与选项 A 完全对应,故答案为 A。
Every time people from other countries ask about the kilt, they mention Mel Gibson's film, Braveheart.
每当其他国家的人问到苏格兰裙时,他们都会提到梅尔・吉布森的电影《勇敢的心》。
In many countries, there are television programmes about Scotland.
在许多国家,都有关于苏格兰的电视节目。
These programmes always include information or images of men in kilts.
这些节目总是包含穿苏格兰裙男人的相关信息或画面。
Of course, in Scotland, you will often see the kilt.
当然,在苏格兰,你经常会看到苏格兰裙。
The reality is, though, that you will most commonly see it in tourist areas.
然而,实际情况是,你最常在旅游区看到它。
【对应题目 13】
In Scotland, kilts are most commonly seen in_____.
A. offices B. schools
C. tourist areas D. local homes
【答案】C (tourist areas)
【解析】原文直接表述 “you will most commonly see it in tourist areas”(你最常在旅游区看到它),与选项 C 完全对应,故答案为 C。
The main streets and tourist areas of Scotland always have a Scotsman wearing a kilt and all tourist shops in the country sell kilts in different colours.
苏格兰的主要街道和旅游区总是有穿苏格兰裙的苏格兰人,而且这个国家所有的旅游商店都出售不同颜色的苏格兰裙。
But kilts are not something that Scottish people see every day.
但苏格兰裙并不是苏格兰人每天都能看到的东西。
Kilts are for special occasions, such as weddings, funerals and other big and important events.
苏格兰群是为特殊场合准备的,比如婚礼、葬礼和其他重大活动。
【对应题目 14】
Scotsmen wear kilts on_____.
A. workdays B. weekends
C. special occasions D. daily shopping
【答案】C (special occasions)
【解析】原文直接表述 “Kilts are for special occasions”(苏格兰裙是为特殊场合准备的),与选项 C 完全对应,故答案为 C。
Scotsmen do not put on their kilt just to buy a bottle of milk and a loaf of bread at the local supermarket.
苏格兰男人不会只为了去当地超市买一瓶牛奶和一条面包就穿上基尔特。
The reason for this may be that kilts are very expensive.
这可能是因为基尔特非常昂贵。
When a man wears a kilt, he normally wears it with a special shirt, jacket, socks and shoes.
当一个男人穿基尔特时,他通常会搭配一件特殊的衬衫、夹克、袜子和鞋子。
This is obviously not cheap.
这显然不便宜。
【对应题目 15】
A kilt outfit is expensive because_____.
A. it is made of special materials
B. it includes many matching parts
C. it is designed by famous designers
D. it is a traditional dress with a long history
【答案】B (it includes many matching parts)
【解析】原文说明 “穿基尔特时需搭配特殊的衬衫、夹克、袜子和鞋子”,即整套服装包含多个搭配部件,这是其昂贵的原因,与选项 B 对应;其他选项原文未提及,故答案为 B。
In fact, an average kilt outfit costs around £500.
事实上,一套普通的基尔特服装大约要花 500 英镑。
概括段落大意和补全句子
(第 16~25 题,每题 1 分,共 10 分)
答题要求:(1)从第 16~20 题后所给的 6 个选项中为第 1~5 段每段选择 1 个正确的段落大意;(2)从第 21~25 题后所给的 6 个选项中选择 5 个正确选项,分别完成每个句子。将所选答案代码填在答题卡相应位置。
A Fighting Lady
黛博拉・桑普森
① Deborah Sampson was born in Massachusetts, USA, in 1760.
黛博拉・桑普森于 1760 年出生在美国马萨诸塞州。
Her family was very poor.
她的家庭非常贫穷。
When Deborah was just a young girl, her father left and went off to sea.
黛博拉还是个小女孩的时候,她的父亲就离开了家,出海去了。
Being in poor health, her mother could not care for her children.
她母亲身体不好,无法照顾自己的孩子们。
So she sent them to live with different relatives, hoping these people would take care of her children.
于是她把孩子们送到不同的亲戚家生活,希望这些人能照顾她的孩子们。
【对应 Task1 第 16 题】
Paragraph 1_____
【答案】F (Deborah's family background)
【解析】第 1 段核心内容为黛博拉的出生时间、家庭贫困状况、父母情况,均属于 “家庭背景” 范畴,故答案为 F。
【对应 Task2 第 21 题】
Deborah was sent to others' home because_____.
【答案】D (her family couldn't support her)
【解析】第 1 段明确说明 “家庭非常贫穷,父亲离家、母亲去世”,即家庭无法抚养她,因此被送到别人家,与选项 D 对应,故答案为 D。
Young Deborah, less than seven years old, had to work for a farmer.
年幼的黛博拉当时还不到七岁,却不得不为一个农场主干活。
On the farm, she learned to ride and hunt. She did housework as well.
在农场里,她学会了骑马和打猎。她也做家务。
Life was difficult, but Deborah worked hard and grew strong.
生活很艰难,但黛博拉努力工作,变得坚强起来。
The farmer had ten sons, and Deborah helped to take care of them.
这位农夫有十个儿子,黛博拉帮忙照顾他们。
In the evening, she had the boys talk about their lessons with her.
晚上,她让男孩们和她一起讨论他们的功课。
By this she learned what they learned.
通过这种方式,她学到了他们所学的知识。
She also borrowed their school books to read every night.
她还借来他们的课本,每天晚上阅读。
When she was 18, Deborah became a teacher.
黛博拉18岁时成了一名教师。
【对应 Task1 第 17 题】
Paragraph 2_____
【答案】B(Deborah's life on the farm)
【解析】第二段讲述了她在农场干活、学骑马打猎、做家务、照顾农场主的儿子、借课本自学的事。
【对应 Task2 第 22 题】
Deborah became a teacher by_____.
A. teaching herself on the farm
B. for her unusual courage
C. a doctor discovered her secret
D. her family couldn't support her
E. dressing and behaving like a man
F. for her excellent teaching
【答案】A
【解析】「在农场借男孩们的课本,每晚阅读,让他们讲功课自学」= 在农场自学成才(teaching herself on the farm)
③ Soon after she started her new career, the American Revolution began.
她开始新职业生涯后不久,美国独立战争就爆发了。
She wanted to fight for her country, but women could not be soldiers at that time.
她想为自己的国家而战,但那时女性不能参军。
Deborah had a plan.
黛博拉有一个计划。
She was tall for a woman of that time.
在那个年代,作为女性,她算是个子高的了。
She made herself a man’s suit and secretly practiced walking and talking like a man.
她给自己做了一套男士西装,还偷偷练习像男人一样走路和说话。
Finally, she joined the army using the name Robert.
最后,她用罗伯特这个名字参军了。
【对应 Task1 第 18 题】
Paragraph 3_____
【答案】E (Deborah's joining the army)
【解析】第 3 段核心内容为黛博拉如何装扮成男人、改名并参军,即 “加入军队” 的过程,故答案为 E。
【对应 Task2 第 23 题】
Deborah went into the army by_____.
【答案】E (dressing and behaving like a man)
【解析】第 3 段明确说明 “装扮成男人、剪短头发、穿男装、改名”,即通过伪装成男人参军,与选项 E 对应,故答案为 E。
④ “Robert” was a brave soldier.
“罗伯特”曾是一名勇敢的士兵。
He fought with courage in every battle, and other soldiers respected him.
他在每场战斗中都英勇作战,其他士兵都很敬重他。
They never suspected that their fellow soldier was a woman.
他们从未怀疑过他们的战友是个女人。
Once he caught a fever and had to go to the hospital.
有一次他发烧了,不得不去医院。
There a doctor found out that Robert was actually a woman.
在那里,一位医生发现罗伯特实际上是个女人。
Deborah then had to leave the army, but she was not punished.
黛博拉随后不得不离开军队,但她没有受到惩罚。
Some people say she even met General George Washington before she left.
有人说,她离开前甚至见过乔治·华盛顿将军。
【对应 Task1 第 19 题】
Paragraph 4_____
【答案】D (Deborah's military life)
【解析】第 4 段核心内容为黛博拉参军后的士兵生活、作战表现、身份暴露及离开军队,均属于 “军旅生活” 范畴,故答案为 D。
【对应 Task2 第 24 题】
【答案】C (a doctor discovered her secret)
【解析】第 4 段明确说明 “医生发现她是女人后,她不得不离开军队”,即身份秘密被发现是离开军队的原因,与选项 C 对应,故答案为 C。
⑤ Later, Deborah married a farmer and had three children.
后来,黛博拉嫁给了一个农民,并有了三个孩子。
She taught in school and gave lectures about her time in the army till retirement.
她在学校教书,并且在退休前一直做关于自己军旅生涯的讲座。
Deborah died at the age of 66. She was a true American hero.
黛博拉享年66岁。她是一位真正的美国英雄。
【对应 Task1 第 20 题】
Paragraph 5_____
【答案】C (Deborah's life after leaving the army)
【解析】第 5 段核心内容为黛博拉离开军队后的婚姻、家庭、工作及去世情况,均属于 “离开军队后的生活” 范畴,故答案为 C。
【对应 Task2 第 25 题】
Deborah was a hero_____.
【答案】B (for her unusual courage)
【解析】黛博拉女扮男装参军、英勇作战,体现了 “非凡的勇气”,这是她成为英雄的原因,与选项 B 对应;其他选项均不构成 “成为英雄” 的理由,故答案为 B。
Task 1 概括段落大意(第 16~20 题)
Task 1概括段落大意
选项:
A. Deborah's marriage
黛博拉的婚姻
B. Deborah's life on the farm
黛博拉在农场的生活
C. Deborah's life after leaving the army
黛博拉离开军队后的生活
D. Deborah's military life
黛博拉的军旅生活
E. Deborah's joining the army
黛博拉参军
F. Deborah's family background
黛博拉的家庭背景
Task1 选项:
Task 2 补全句子(第 21~25 题)
选项:
A. teaching herself on the farm
在农场自学
B. for her unusual courage
因为她非凡的勇气
C. a doctor discovered her secret
一位医生发现了她的秘密
D. her family couldn't support her
她的家人无法供养她
E. dressing and behaving like a man
穿着和举止像个男人
F. for her excellent teaching
因为她出色的教学
填句补文
(第 26~30 题,每题 2 分,共 10 分)
答题要求:短文有 5 处空白,短文后有 6 个句子,其中 5 个取自短文。根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置,以恢复文章原貌。将所选答案代码填在答题卡相应位置。
My Major Problem
我的主要问题
Decision-making is something I struggle with.
做决定是一件让我很头疼的事。
In fact, I'd rather have someone else make decisions for me.
事实上,我宁愿让别人替我做决定。
As I sat in a crowded information session at a college last summer, I was again faced with the pressure of making a decision.
去年夏天,我坐在一所大学人头攒动的招生咨询会上,再次面临做决定的压力。
26.C The admissions officer asked us to introduce ourselves briefly.
招生老师让我们简单做一下自我介绍。
答案:C解析:空格后提到 “He then asked each of us to give our intended major”,说明前文是招生老师先提出了一个要求,C 选项 “招生老师让我们简单做一下自我介绍” 承接上下文,逻辑连贯。
He then asked each of us to give our intended major.
随后,他让我们每个人说出自己的意向专业。
I looked at my mother with panic.
我惊慌地看着妈妈。
A major?" I said. "I can't even decide what socks to wear to school!
专业?" 我说,"我连上学穿哪双袜子都决定不了!
I wanted to say I was undecided.
我想说自己还没确定。
But as my turn to speak approached, my confidence decreased.
可轮到我发言的时刻越来越近,我的信心也越来越不足。
27.A Everyone before me had declared a major.
在我前面的每个人都已经确定了自己的专业。
答案:A
解析:空格前说作者发言前信心不足,空格后说作者看到前面的女孩选鲜为人知的专业,A 选项 “在我前面的每个人都已经确定了自己的专业” 能解释作者信心不足的原因,衔接自然。
I watched the girl in front of me.
我看着我前面的那个女孩。
She was searching for some obscure major.
她正在琢磨一个鲜为人知的专业。
I realized I couldn't just say undecided.
我意识到自己不能只说还没确定。
So, when my turn came, I uneasily said, "I want to major in business."
于是,轮到我时,我忐忑地说:‘我想主修商科。’
I could feel "liar" written all over my face.
我能感觉到,自己的脸上写满了‘骗子’两个字。
28.D In the end, only one brave person said she was undecided.
最后,只有一个勇敢的人说自己还没确定专业。
答案:D解析:空格后作者感到羞愧,后悔自己没说还没确定专业,D 选项 “最后,只有一个勇敢的人说自己还没确定专业” 是作者感到羞愧的直接原因,符合语境。
I felt ashamed.
我感到很羞愧。
"Why couldn't I have said that?" I thought.
我心想:‘我为什么就不敢那么说呢?’
The admissions advisor even said that a lot of people are uncertain.
招生老师甚至说,很多人都还没有确定。
That is why students have to decide until the end of the second year.
这也是为什么学生可以等到大二结束再确定专业。
I have no idea what I want to do with my life.
我根本不知道自己这辈子想做什么。
All I know is that I don't want to do anything that involves blood.
我只知道,我不想做任何和血打交道的工作。
29.B So I've narrowed my list down to anything but medicine.
所以我把专业选择范围缩小到了除医学之外的所有专业。
答案:B
解析:空格前说作者不想做和血打交道的工作,B 选项 “所以我把专业选择范围缩小到了除医学之外的所有专业” 是前文的自然结果,逻辑对应。
This isn't really narrowing it down.
这其实根本不算缩小范围。
I've been told many people start college with one major, and graduate with a degree in something totally different.
有人告诉我,很多人上大学时选的是一个专业,毕业时拿到的却是完全不同专业的学位。
After my experience at the information session, I've learned not to be afraid of saying I'm "undecided."
经历了这次咨询会,我学会了不再害怕说自己‘还没确定’。
I know now that I am not the only one uncertain about future studies.
我现在知道,并非只有我一个人对未来的学习方向感到迷茫。
I'm still experiencing a "major" problem.
我现在依然面临着这个关于‘专业’的大难题。
30.F However, I'm confident I'll find a solution.
但我相信,我总能找到解决办法。
答案:F
解析:空格前说作者依然面临专业的难题,F 选项 “但我相信,我总能找到解决办法” 形成转折,表达作者的积极心态,符合文章结尾的情感走向。
选项:
A. Everyone before me had declared a major.
在我之前的每个人都已经申报了专业。
B. So I've narrowed my list down to anything but medicine.
所以我把我的选择范围缩小到了除医学之外的任何专业。
C. The admissions officer asked us to introduce ourselves briefly.
招生官让我们做个简短的自我介绍。
D. In the end, only one brave person said she was undecided.
最后,只有一个勇敢的人说她还没确定。
E. Admissions advisors help you to make decisions.
招生顾问会帮你做决定。
F. However, I'm confident I'll find a solution.
不过,我相信我会找到解决办法的。
填词补文
(第 31~40 题,每题 1.5 分,共 15 分)
答题要求:短文有 10 处空白,短文后列出 12 个词,其中 10 个取自短文。根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置,以恢复文章原貌。将所选答案代码填在答题卡相应位置。
Choosing Friends
选择朋友
In our daily life, it's nice to have friends.
在我们的日常生活中,有朋友是一件很美好的事情。
While family is 31 extremely important, friends are a different support system of your choosing.
虽然家庭极其重要,但朋友是你选择的另一种支持系统。
【答案】L (extremely)
【解析】修饰形容词 “important”(重要的)需用副词,备选词中 “extremely”(极其)符合语义,强调家庭的重要性,与后文 “朋友是不同的支持系统” 形成对比,故填 L。
As the 32 saying goes, "You can't choose your family, but you can choose your friends."
常言道:“你不能选择你的家庭,但你可以选择你的朋友。”
【答案】A (saying)
【解析】固定搭配 “as the saying goes”(常言道),备选词中 “saying”(谚语、俗语)符合该搭配,故填 A。
Choosing them wisely can 33 make your life more exciting and inspiring.
明智地选择朋友能让你的生活更精彩、更鼓舞人心。
【答案】B (make)
【解析】情态动词 “can” 后接动词原形,“make + 宾语 + 形容词” 为固定结构,意为 “使…… 变得……”,符合 “让生活更精彩” 的语义,故填 B。
Deciding whom you choose as your friends says as much about you as it does them.
决定选择谁作为你的朋友,既反映了你的为人,也反映了他们的为人。
You may choose your friends 34 based on similar interests.
你可能会基于相似的兴趣选择朋友。
【答案】K (based)
【解析】固定搭配 “based on”(基于),此处为过去分词短语作方式状语,意为 “基于相似兴趣选择朋友”,符合语义,故填 K。
You may choose them because you're opposites of each other and find this interesting.
你可能会选择他们,因为你们彼此相反,而且你觉得这很有趣。
Often, friends become "friends" because they are naturally attracted towards each other due to 35 similar personalities.
通常,朋友能成为 “朋友”,是因为他们因相似的性格而自然相互吸引。
【答案】D (similar)
【解析】修饰名词 “personalities”(性格)需用形容词,前文提到 “基于相似兴趣选择朋友”,此处 “similar personalities”(相似性格)与前文逻辑一致,说明成为朋友的原因,故填 D。
Sometimes it's just circumstances that bring two individuals together who then become friends.
有时,只是环境让两个素不相识的人走到一起,然后成为朋友。
Whatever prompts a friendship, developing one is a very 36 rewarding experience.
无论是什么促成了一段友谊,培养这段友谊都是一种非常有益的经历。
【答案】J (rewarding)
【解析】修饰名词 “experience”(经历)需用形容词,备选词中 “rewarding”(有益的、有回报的)符合语义,说明培养友谊的积极意义,故填 J。
This is especially true when, before you know it, a certain 37 relationship turns into a unique lifelong close friendship.
尤其是当你不知不觉中,某种关系变成了一段独特的、终生的亲密友谊时,更是如此。
【答案】H (relationship)
【解析】不定冠词 “a” 后接可数名词单数,备选词中 “relationship”(关系)符合语义,指从普通关系发展为亲密友谊,故填 H。
Again, it's been said that a person 38 normally has only a couple of very close friends in their life.
再者,有人说,一个人一生中通常只有几个非常亲密的朋友。
【答案】C (normally)
【解析】修饰动词 “has”(有)需用副词,备选词中 “normally”(通常)符合语义,说明一般情况下的朋友数量,故填 C。
Think of whom you 39 consider as truly close friends.
想想你认为谁是真正亲密的朋友。
【答案】G (consider)
【解析】此处缺少谓语动词,备选词中 “consider”(认为)符合语义,“consider sb. as...”(将某人视为……)为固定搭配,故填 G。
These are those few individuals you can 40 trust and share deep thoughts and concerns with.
这些人是你可以信任并分享内心深处想法和担忧的少数人。
【答案】E (trust)
【解析】情态动词 “can” 后接动词原形,与 “share deep thoughts and concerns”(分享深层想法和担忧)并列的应是 “trust”(信任),符合亲密朋友的特征,故填 E。
备选词:
A. saying B. make C. normally D. similar
E. trust F. relied G. consider H. relationship
I. speech J. rewarding K. based L. extremely
完形补文
(第 41~50 题,每题 1.5 分,共 15 分)
答题要求:短文有 10 处空白,每处空白后的括号内有一个词,请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中,以恢复文章原貌。将答案写在答题卡相应位置。
Bats
蝙蝠
Many people think bats look frightening (frighten).
很多人认为蝙蝠看起来很吓人。
But research has 41 shown (show) us that bats are kind animals.
但研究向我们表明,蝙蝠是善良的动物。
【答案】shown
【解析】“has + 过去分词” 构成现在完成时,“show”(表明)的过去分词为 “shown”,故填 shown。
The way they live 42 provides (provide) a great deal of help to humans and other 43 living (live) things.
它们的生活方式为人类和其他生物提供了大量帮助。
The way they live 42.provides a great deal of help to humans and other 43.living things.
它们的生存方式为人类和其他生物提供了大量帮助。
【答案 42】provides
【解析】主语 “the way they live”(它们的生活方式)为单数形式,全文时态为一般现在时,谓语动词 “provide”(提供)需用第三人称单数 “provides”,故填 provides。
【答案 43】living
【解析】修饰名词 “things”(事物)需用形容词,“live”(活着的)作定语时用 “living”,“living things”(生物)为固定搭配,故填 living。
Bats are gentle and loving.
蝙蝠温柔又有爱心。
Mother bats sleep with their wings around their 44 babies (baby) to protect them, and will move them to 45 safety (safe) if they seem to be 46 threatened (threaten) in any way.
蝙蝠妈妈睡觉时会用翅膀环绕着幼崽保护它们,如果幼崽似乎受到任何威胁,蝙蝠妈妈会把它们转移到安全的地方。
【答案 44】babies
【解析】“their”(它们的)后接可数名词复数,“baby”(幼崽)的复数形式为 “babies”,故填 babies。
【答案 45】safety
【解析】介词 “to” 后接名词作宾语,“safe”(安全的)的名词形式为 “safety”(安全),故填 safety。
【答案 46】threatened
【解析】主语 “they”(指代幼崽)与 “threaten”(威胁)为被动关系,“be + 过去分词” 构成被动语态,“threaten” 的过去分词为 “threatened”,故填 threatened。
Just like other animals, adult bats help their children find 47 suitable (suit) food to eat.
和其他动物一样,成年蝙蝠帮助它们的孩子找到合适的食物吃。
【答案】suitable
【解析】修饰名词 “food”(食物)需用形容词,“suit”(适合)的形容词形式为 “suitable”(合适的),故填 suitable。
Bats are 48 helpful (help), too.
蝙蝠也很有帮助。
【答案】helpful
【解析】此处缺少表语形容词,“help”(帮助)的形容词形式为 “helpful”(有帮助的),故填 helpful。
Some bats eat insects.
有些蝙蝠吃昆虫。
Just one brown bat can eat 49 nearly (near) 600 insects in one hour!
一只棕色蝙蝠一小时就能吃掉将近 600 只昆虫!
【答案】nearly
【解析】修饰数词 “600” 需用副词,“near”(接近)的副词形式为 “nearly”(将近、几乎),故填 nearly。
Besides, many species are even dependent on bats for their 50 survival (survive).
此外,许多物种的生存甚至依赖蝙蝠。
【答案】survival
【解析】形容词性物主代词 “their” 后接名词,“survive”(生存)的名词形式为 “survival”(生存),故填 survival。
Therefore, bats are really friendly animals!
因此,蝙蝠真的是友好的动物!
第七部分 短文写作(第 51 题,30 分)
答题要求:根据所提供材料中的要求完成一篇 100 词左右的英文写作任务。将答案写在答题卡相应位置。
某英文报社正在举办题为 "Exercise Every Day" 的征文活动。请就此题目写一篇英文短文应征,内容包括:
① 坚持锻炼有哪些好处;
② 你能否坚持每天锻炼。
Exercise Every Day
Recently, whether we should exercise every day has become a popular topic. As for me, I strongly agree with this idea because it brings numerous benefits.
最近,我们是否应该每天锻炼成了一个热门话题。就我而言,我非常同意这个观点,因为它能带来诸多益处。
There are two main advantages. Firstly, daily exercise helps us stay energized and dynamic, which is great for our physical health. Secondly, it improves our discipline and relieves stress. As a freelancer working from home, I can definitely stick to this habit. With a minimalist lifestyle, all it takes is an exercise mat to train at my own time.
有两个主要的好处。第一,日常锻炼有助于我们保持精力充沛和活力满满,这对我们的身体健康非常有益。第二,它能增强我们的自律性并缓解压力。作为一名在家工作的自由职业者,我完全可以坚持这个习惯。由于过着极简主义的生活方式,我只需要一张瑜伽垫,就可以在自己方便的时间进行锻炼。
In short, daily exercise is highly beneficial. I believe that as long as we keep trying, we can achieve a healthier and better life.
简而言之,日常锻炼益处多多。我相信,只要我们坚持尝试,就能过上更健康、更美好的生活。
评分标准
第一档(25-30 分):
圆满完成任务;清楚表达全部要点;语法、词汇满足要求;语言准确、恰当。
第二档(19-24 分):完成任务;清楚表达关键要点;语法、词汇满足基本要求;语言基本正确,小错不影响理解。
第三档(13-18 分):基本完成任务;提及关键要点(可能漏个别内容);语法、词汇满足最低要求;有错误但基本不影响理解。
第四档(7-12 分):完成部分任务;遗漏 / 未清楚表达要点;语法、词汇运用能力差;错误较多,部分影响理解。第五档(1-6 分):未完成任务;明显遗漏要点;语法、词汇运用能力极差;错误极多,严重影响理解。0 分档(0 分):未作答;词不达意;书写与任务无关的内容。
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本人曾经是老师口中的“学生混子”,高中辍学后从事过十多种工作。业余时间参加自学考试,先后取得了专科学历(南京师范大学)和本科学历(北京师范大学)。
现在已从中国科学院大学取得哲学硕士学位数年。深知自考甘苦,所以想做点工作帮助到同路人。很惭愧,我的英文仍然不好,读研的时候吃了一些苦,现在仍在学习。我整理的这些“无障碍读本”,希望能够帮助到大家。
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