breakthrough /ˈbreɪkθruː/ n. 突破（中考重点，搭配：achieve a breakthrough 取得突破）
carrier rocket /ˈkæriə ˈrɒkɪt/ 运载火箭（固定搭配，中考常考）
demonstration /ˌdemənˈstreɪʃn/ n. 演示；展示（派生词：demonstrate v. 演示）
lander /ˈlændə(r)/ n. 着陆器（结合语境：lunar lander 月球着陆器）
facility /fəˈsɪləti/ n. 设施（常考：supporting facilities 配套设施）
03时文训练
Passage 1
对应主题：关注两会就是关注我们的未来
The 2026 National Two Sessions opened in Beijing in early March. As an important event, it set the direction for China’s 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-2030), marking a new start for the country’s development.During the sessions, the draft of the 15th Five-Year Plan was discussed. It includes 20 main goals, with a focus on high-quality development, scientific and technological independence, and people’s well-being. For example, China plans to increase its research and development (R&D) spending by an average of over 7% every year. More efforts will be made to improve education, medical care, and support for families with children.The plan also stresses green development. It aims to cut carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 17% during the “15th Five-Year Plan” period. Many big projects will be carried out to solve people’s urgent problems, showing that the government always puts people first.1.What is the time range of China’s 15th Five-Year Plan?A. 2021-2025B. 2026-2030C. 2031-2035D. 2036-20402.Which of the following is a goal of the 15th Five-Year Plan?A. Reducing R&D spending.B. Ignoring people’s well-being.C. Promoting high-quality development.D. Stopping all green projects.3.The underlined word “stresses” probably means “______” in Chinese.A.强调 B.忽视 C.质疑 D.放弃4.What can we learn from the passage?A. The 2026 National Two Sessions were held in Shanghai.B. The 15th Five-Year Plan draft has 30 main goals.C. China will cut carbon emissions to protect the environment.D. The government pays little attention to people’s problems.5.What is the main idea of the passage?A. The time of the 2026 National Two Sessions.B. The main goals of China’s 15th Five-Year Plan.C. The development of scientific research in China.D. The importance of green development in China.
Passage 2
对应主题：冬奥健儿用拼搏诠释梦想的力量
The 2026 Milan-Cortina d’Ampezzo Winter Olympics ended on February 22. The Chinese delegation made history by winning 5 gold, 4 silver and 6 bronze medals, totaling 15 medals. This is the best result China has ever achieved in Winter Olympics held outside the country.Chinese athletes showed excellent performance in both ice and snow sports. Snow sports were the main force, winning 4 of the 5 gold medals. Su Yiming won the first gold for China in the men’s snowboard slopestyle on his 22nd birthday. Gu Ailing successfully defended her title in the women’s freestyle skiing halfpipe, winning 1 gold and 2 silver medals.Besides the medals, China made progress in many new events, such as skeleton and ski mountaineering. A total of 126 Chinese athletes took part in 91 events, the largest scale ever for China in overseas Winter Olympics. This success shows the rapid development of China’s winter sports.1.How many medals did China win in the 2026 Milan Winter Olympics?A. 5 B. 10 C. 15 D. 202.Which sport did Su Yiming win the gold medal in?A. Women’s freestyle skiing halfpipe.B. Men’s snowboard slopestyle.C. Skeleton.D. Ski mountaineering.3.What does the underlined phrase “defended her title” mean?A. Lost her championship.B. Won the same title again.C. Gave up the competition.D. Joined a new sport event.4.What can we infer from the passage?A. China’s best Winter Olympics result was in Beijing.B. Chinese athletes only won medals in ice sports.C. China sent fewer athletes than before to the Olympics.D. China’s winter sports have developed quickly.5.How many Chinese athletes took part in the 2026 Milan Winter Olympics?A. 91B. 126C. 15D. 5
Passage 3
对应主题：中东硝烟提醒我们和平的珍贵
In early March 2026, the situation in the Middle East became tense due to military actions between the US, Israel and Iran. The conflict has caused great concern around the world and brought many impacts.The United Nations warned that the situation might get out of control and called for diplomatic talks. The conflict has led to a serious humanitarian crisis. About 25 million people have become refugees in the affected areas. On the economic side, the Strait of Hormuz, a key oil shipping route, was affected. The number of oil tankers passing through the strait dropped sharply, pushing up global oil prices.Many countries and international organizations are trying to stop the conflict. They hope all sides can stop fighting and solve problems through dialogue to ensure regional and global stability.1.What caused the tense situation in the Middle East in 2026?A. Economic competition between countries.B. Military actions between the US, Israel and Iran.C. Cultural differences in the region.D. Natural disasters in the Middle East.2.What did the United Nations do about the conflict?A. Took military action against Iran.B. Warned of the risk of losing control and called for talks.C. Ignored the humanitarian crisis.D. Supported the oil price increase.3.The underlined word “refugees” refers to people who ______.A. work in oil companiesB. live in the Strait of HormuzC. leave their homes due to dangerD. support the military actions4.What is the main idea of the passage?A. The development of the oil industry in the Middle East.B. The cultural exchange between Middle Eastern countries.C. The tense Middle East situation and its global impacts.D. The history of military conflicts in the Middle East.5.What impact did the conflict have on the economy?A. The global oil prices went up.B. The oil shipping route was expanded.C. More oil tankers passed through the strait.D. The oil industry in the Middle East developed fast.
Passage 4
对应主题：探月突破源于每一步的脚踏实地
In 2026, China’s manned lunar exploration project achieved key breakthroughs, bringing the country closer to its goal of landing astronauts on the moon by 2030.On February 11, two important tests were successfully completed. The Long March 10 carrier rocket carried out a low-altitude demonstration, and the Mengzhou manned spacecraft passed the maximum dynamic pressure escape test. These tests proved the safety of the rocket and spacecraft, which are core equipment for manned lunar landing.Other progress includes the development of the Lanyue lunar lander, which has finished landing and take-off tests. In 2026, China will also build supporting facilities at the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site and improve the measurement and control system. All these efforts are laying a solid foundation for China’s first manned lunar landing.1.What is China’s goal for manned lunar exploration?A. Landing astronauts on the moon by 2026.B. Landing astronauts on the moon by 2030.C. Building a space station on the moon by 2035.D. Sending robots to the moon by 2040.2.When were the two key tests completed in 2026?A. On January 11. B. On February 11.C. On March 11. D. On April 11.3.Which of the following is NOT part of China’s lunar exploration progress?A. The successful tests of Long March 10 and Mengzhou.B. The development of the Lanyue lunar lander.C. The building of supporting facilities at Wenchang.D. The completion of the first manned lunar landing.4.What’s the purpose of the passage?A. To introduce China’s key breakthroughs in manned lunar exploration.B. To compare China’s and other countries’ lunar exploration projects.C. To explain the history of China’s space exploration.D. To describe the life of astronauts in space.5.Why are the two key tests important?A. They made China land astronauts on the moon at once.B. They proved the safety of the core equipment for lunar landing.C. They built a space station on the moon.D. They developed a new kind of oil for rockets.
1. session /ˈseʃn/ n.正式会议-派生词：sessional adj.会议的；会期的（中考阅读生僻形容词考点）-固定搭配：the National Two Sessions全国两会（专有名词，写作/阅读高频）；plenary session全体会议-拓展：meeting n.普通会议；conference n.大型研讨会/会议（易混词辨析，中考完形常考）2. independence /ˌɪndɪˈpendəns/ n.独立；自主-派生词：independent adj.独立的（中考形容词高频）；independently adv.独立地（副词变形，语法填空考点）-固定搭配：scientific and technological independence科技自主；be independent of独立于……-写作句式：We should develop the ability to think independently.我们应该培养独立思考的能力。3. emission /ɪˈmɪʃn/ n.排放-派生词：emit v.排放；释放（动词原形，中考词形转换考点）；emissive adj.发射的-固定搭配：carbon dioxide emission二氧化碳排放；reduce greenhouse gas emissions减少温室气体排放（环保主题写作高频）4. improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ v.改善；提高-易混词：increase v.增加（侧重数量）；improve v.提升（侧重质量/水平）（中考完形辨析核心）-固定搭配：improve people’s well-being改善民生；improve one’s English level提高英语水平-派生词：improvement n.改善（复数：improvements，语法填空名词变形）5. carry out实施；开展-近义词组：put into practice落实；conduct v.实施（正式，后接research/project）（中考阅读替换词考点）-反义短语：call off取消-写作句式：The government will carry out more projects to solve people’s urgent problems.政府将实施更多项目解决民众的迫切问题。
Passage 2词汇拓展（米兰冬奥会主题）
1. delegation /ˌdelɪˈɡeɪʃn/ n.代表团-派生词：delegate n.代表v.委托（中考一词多义考点）-固定搭配：a sports delegation体育代表团；the Chinese delegation中国代表团（专有搭配）2. defend /dɪˈfend/ v.保卫；卫冕-派生词：defence/defense n.防御；卫冕（名词变形，英美拼写差异，中考阅读兼容）；defensive adj.防御的-固定搭配：defend one’s title卫冕冠军（体育主题高频）；defend one’s country保卫国家-易混词：protect v.保护（侧重守护）；defend v.防御/卫冕（侧重对抗/保住荣誉）3. achieve /əˈtʃiːv/ v.取得；实现-派生词：achievement n.成就（复数：achievements，中考写作高频）；achievable adj.可实现的-固定搭配：achieve the best result取得最佳成绩；achieve one’s dream实现梦想（写作万能句式）-拓展：make great achievements in...在……方面取得巨大成就（中考写作高分短语）4. take part in参加-易混词/短语辨析（中考核心考点）：- take part in：参加（活动/比赛，侧重参与过程）- join：加入（组织/团体，如join the club）- attend：出席（正式场合，如attend a meeting/lecture）-派生词：participant n.参与者；participation n.参与（中考阅读生僻名词）5. progress /ˈprəʊɡres/ n. /prəˈɡres/ v.进步；发展-词性考点：不可数名词（中考语法填空易错点：无复数，不能加a/an）-固定搭配：make progress in...在……方面取得进步（写作万能短语）；make rapid progress取得快速发展-派生词：progressive adj.渐进的；进步的
Passage 3词汇拓展（中东局势主题）
1. tense /tens/ adj.紧张的；绷紧的v.（使）绷紧-派生词：tension n.紧张局势（不可数，中考阅读高频）；tensely adv.紧张地-固定搭配：a tense situation紧张局势；tense relations紧张关系-写作句式：The tension between the two countries has not been eased yet.两国之间的紧张局势尚未缓解。2. humanitarian /hjuːˌmænɪˈteəriən/ adj.人道主义的n.人道主义者-派生词：humanity n.人道；人类（中考阅读核心词）；human adj.人的n.人类-固定搭配：a humanitarian crisis人道主义危机；humanitarian aid人道主义援助3. refugee /ˌrefjuˈdʒiː/ n.难民-派生词：refuge n.避难所；庇护（中考生僻名词）-固定搭配：a refugee camp难民营；seek refuge寻求庇护-拓展：migrant n.移民；immigrant n.入境移民（易混词辨析，中考完形考点）4. affect /əˈfekt/ v.影响；使改变-易混词辨析（中考重中之重）：- affect v.影响（及物动词，后接宾语，如affect the price）- effect n.影响（固定搭配：have an effect on对……有影响）- influence v./n.影响（侧重潜移默化，可接on）-派生词：affective adj.情感的；affected adj.受影响的5. ensure /ɪnˈʃʊə(r)/ v.确保；保证-派生词：ensurement n.保证；insure v.给……投保（易混词，发音相近）-固定搭配：ensure regional and global stability确保地区和全球稳定；ensure that...确保……（宾语从句句式，写作考点）-近义词：guarantee v.保证（侧重承诺）；make sure确保（口语化，后接of/that从句）
Passage 4词汇拓展（载人月球探测主题）
1. breakthrough /ˈbreɪkθruː/ n.突破-词性考点：可数名词（中考语法填空：a key breakthrough一项关键突破，复数breakthroughs）-固定搭配：achieve a key breakthrough取得关键突破；make a breakthrough in...在……方面取得突破（科技主题写作高频）-派生词：break through突破（动词短语，如break through the technical difficulties突破技术难关）2. lunar /ˈluːnə(r)/ adj.月球的；阴历的-固定搭配：manned lunar exploration载人月球探测；the lunar surface月球表面；the Lunar New Year春节（专有搭配）-拓展：solar adj.太阳的（易混词，solar system太阳系，中考阅读高频）3. facility /fəˈsɪləti/ n.设施；设备-词性考点：可数名词（复数：facilities，中考语法填空必考变形）-固定搭配：supporting facilities配套设施；launch facilities发射设施；public facilities公共设施（写作高频）-易混词：equipment n.设备（不可数名词，无复数）4. complete /kəmˈpliːt/ v.完成；结束adj.完整的；完全的-派生词：completion n.完成（中考名词变形考点）；completely adv.完全地（副词，语法填空高频）-固定搭配：complete a test完成测试；a complete set of equipment一整套设备-近义词：finish v.完成（口语化）；accomplish v.完成（正式，后接goal/task）5. lay a solid foundation for为……奠定坚实基础-核心词变形：solid adj.坚实的；固体的（一词多义，中考完形考点）；foundation n.基础（复数：foundations）-拓展短语：lay the foundation for为……打下基础（基础版，写作通用）-写作句式：These scientific researches lay a solid foundation for the development of space technology.这些科学研究为航天技术的发展奠定了坚实的基础。6. core /kɔː(r)/ adj.核心的n.核心-固定搭配：core equipment核心设备；the core of the problem问题的核心（阅读/写作高频）- 派生词：coreless adj. 无核心的（中考形容词变形后缀考点）
2026年中考英语时事热点阅读理解答案解析
Passage 12026全国两会·“十五五”开局定调
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C5.B【解析】1. 细节题：原文直接标注“China’s 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-2030)”，时间范围明确，对应B选项。2. 细节题：文中提及“it includes 20 main goals, with a focus on high-quality development, scientific and technological independence, and people’s well-being”，A（减少研发支出）、B（忽视民生）、D（停止所有绿色项目）均与原文表述相反，C为原词重现，故选C。3. 词义猜测题：前文介绍十五五规划的核心目标，后文具体阐述绿色发展的具体指标（单位GDP二氧化碳排放降17%），结合语境可判断“stresses”为“强调”之意，选A。4. 推理判断题：A项“两会在上海举办”错误，原文为北京；B项“30个主要目标”错误，原文是20个；D项“政府不关注民生”错误，原文提到“the government always puts people first”；C项与原文“cut carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP by 17%”一致，体现环保举措，故选C。5. 主旨大意题：文章开篇介绍2026全国两会为“十五五”规划定调，核心内容围绕“十五五”规划的核心目标（高质量发展、科技自主、民生、绿色发展）展开，A选项仅提及两会时间，属于细节；C选项只讲科研发展，片面；D选项仅强调绿色发展，未覆盖全文，只有B选项能概括文章核心内容。故选B。【主旨大意】本文介绍了2026年全国两会于北京召开，会议对《十五五规划（2026-2030）》草案进行了讨论，该规划明确了高质量发展、科技自主、保障民生等20项核心目标，同时强调绿色发展并制定了碳排放降低指标，体现了政府以人民为中心的发展理念。
Passage 22026米兰冬奥会·中国创境外最佳战绩
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. D5. B【解析】1. 细节题：原文明确说明“winning 5 gold, 4 silver and 6 bronze medals, totaling 15 medals”，奖牌总数为15，选C。2. 细节题：文中直接表述“Su Yiming won the first gold for China in the men’s snowboard slopestyle”，对应B选项。3. 短语猜测题：“defend”本身有“卫冕、保卫”的含义，结合语境谷爱凌在女子自由式滑雪半管项目中再次夺冠，因此“defended her title”指“成功卫冕，再次赢得同一冠军头衔”，A、C、D均不符合文意，选B。4. 推理判断题：A项“北京冬奥是最佳成绩”，原文仅说明米兰冬奥是境外最佳，无北京冬奥的对比，无法推断；B项“仅在冰上项目获奖”错误，原文提到“Snow sports were the main force, winning 4 of the 5 gold medals”；C项“派出运动员更少”错误，原文是“the largest scale ever for China in overseas Winter Olympics”；D项与原文结尾“This success shows the rapid development of China’s winter sports”一致，故选D。5.细节理解题：原文明确说明中国参赛运动员人数为126人，91是参赛项目数，15是奖牌总数，5是金牌数，均为干扰项，因此选B。【主旨大意】本文讲述2026年米兰冬奥会中，中国体育代表团斩获15枚奖牌，创下中国在境外冬奥会的最佳战绩；中国运动员在冰雪项目中表现优异，苏翊鸣、谷爱凌等选手斩获金牌，同时中国在钢架雪车等冬奥新项目中取得突破，参赛规模创境外冬奥之最，彰显了中国冬季运动的飞速发展。
Passage 3中东局势升级·全球关注
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. C5. A【解析】1. 细节题：原文首句“the situation in the Middle East became tense due to military actions between the US, Israel and Iran”，明确指出中东局势紧张的直接原因是美、以、伊之间的军事行动，选B。2. 细节题：文中提到“The United Nations warned that the situation might get out of control and called for diplomatic talks”，与B选项表述完全一致；A、C、D均与联合国的举措和态度相反，排除。3. 词义猜测题：结合上下文，中东冲突引发了严重的人道主义危机，“refugees”所在语境为“受冲突影响地区的民众成为该群体”，由此可判断其含义为“因危险离开家园的难民”，选C。4. 主旨大意题：A（中东石油工业发展）、B（中东国家文化交流）、D（中东军事冲突历史）均未在文中提及；文章核心围绕2026年3月中东紧张局势展开，介绍了局势升级的原因、联合国的应对，以及冲突引发的人道主义危机和全球经济影响（油价上涨），并说明国际社会呼吁通过对话解决冲突，故选C。5.细节理解题：push up表示“推高、上涨”，即冲突导致全球油价上升；B选项“石油航道扩张”、C选项“更多油轮通过航道”均与原文“油轮数量骤降”相反；D选项“中东石油工业快速发展”原文未提及，故选A。【主旨大意】本文介绍2026年3月因美国、以色列和伊朗的军事行动，中东局势趋于紧张并引发全球关注；联合国警告局势或失控并呼吁外交谈判，冲突不仅造成了严重的人道主义危机（大量民众沦为难民），还影响了霍尔木兹海峡的石油运输并推高全球油价，国际社会正努力推动各方通过对话停止冲突、维护地区和全球稳定。
Passage 4载人月球探测工程·关键突破
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. A5. B【解析】1. 细节题：原文首句明确说明“bringing the country closer to its goal of landing astronauts on the moon by 2030”，中国载人探月的目标为2030年实现航天员登月，选B。2. 细节题：文中直接标注“On February 11, two important tests were successfully completed”，两项关键测试的完成时间为2月11日，选B。3. 细节判断题：A（长征十号运载火箭和梦舟载人飞船测试成功）、B（揽月月球着陆器完成研发和起降测试）、C（文昌发射场建设配套设施）均为原文提及的探月工程进展；D项“首次载人登月完成”错误，原文说明所有举措均为首次载人登月“laying a solid foundation（奠定坚实基础）”，该目标尚未实现，故选D。4. 主旨大意题：B（对比中外探月工程）、C（解释中国航天探索历史）、D（描述宇航员太空生活）均未在文中涉及；文章开篇点明2026年中国载人月球探测工程取得关键突破，后文具体介绍了火箭、飞船的测试成果、着陆器的研发进展及配套设施的建设情况，核心为介绍探月工程的突破，故选A。5. 细节理解题：原文明确说明两项关键测试的意义是“验证了载人登月核心设备（火箭和飞船）的安全性”；A选项“立刻实现载人登月”与原文“为首次载人登月奠定基础”不符；C选项“在月球建空间站”、D选项“研发火箭新燃料”原文均未提及，因此选B。【主旨大意】本文介绍2026年中国载人月球探测工程取得多项关键突破，让中国向2030年航天员登月的目标更进一步；2月11日长征十号运载火箭和梦舟载人飞船完成关键测试，揽月月球着陆器也完成起降测试，同时文昌航天发射场正建设配套设施、完善测控系统，这些成果均为中国首次载人登月奠定了坚实的基础。
