适用：人教版（2013 审定版）初三
一、语法精讲（先讲后练）
1. 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词
结构：
- 肯定：主语 + have/has + done
- 否定：have/has not + done
- 疑问：Have/Has + 主语 + done…?
用法1：动作发生在过去，对现在有影响/结果
- I have lost my key.（我现在没钥匙）
用法2：动作从过去持续到现在
- He has lived here for 10 years.
- We have known each other since 2020.
标志词：
already, yet, ever, never, just, before, so far, since + 时间点, for + 时间段
2. 过去完成时 had + 过去分词
结构：
- 肯定：主语 + had + done
- 否定：had not + done
- 疑问：Had + 主语 + done…?
核心：
“过去的过去”——动作发生在另一个过去动作之前
用法：
1. By the time + 过去时，主语 + had done…
- By the time I got up, the bus had left.
2. 主句（过去时）+ 宾语从句（过去完成时）
- She said she had seen the film.
3. 两个过去动作，先发生用过去完成时
- When I arrived, he had gone.
标志词：
by the time, before, by last year, when, after, already, never 等
3. 现在完成时 vs 过去完成时 一句话区别
- 现在完成时： 站在现在说过去
- 过去完成时： 站在过去说更早的过去
二、单项选择（25 题，完成时专项）
( ) 1. I ______ my homework. I can watch TV now.
A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. will finish
( ) 2. He ______ in this school for 10 years before he moved to Xi’an.
A. has taught B. had taught C. teaches D. taught
( ) 3. —Have you ever ______ to the Terracotta Army?
—Yes, I ______ there last year.
A. been; went B. gone; went C. been; have gone D. gone; have been
( ) 4. When I got to the station, the train ______.
A. left B. has left C. had left D. leaves
( ) 5. My mother ______ dinner when I got home yesterday.
A. cooked B. has cooked C. had cooked D. cooks
( ) 6. We ______ good friends since we were little kids.
A. are B. were C. have been D. had been
( ) 7. She said she ______ the book twice.
A. saw B. has seen C. had seen D. sees
( ) 8. —______ you ______ your notebook?
—Not yet.
A. Did; find B. Have; found C. Will; find D. Do; find
( ) 9. By the time I was 10, I ______ over 100 English words.
A. learned B. have learned C. had learned D. learn
( ) 10. They ______ for 2 hours before the teacher came.
A. waited B. have waited C. had waited D. wait
( ) 11. —Where is your father?
—He ______ to the library. He’ll be back soon.
A. has been B. has gone C. went D. goes
( ) 12. How long ______ you ______ in this city?
A. do; live B. did; live C. have; lived D. had lived
( ) 13. She ______ to Beijing twice.
A. went B. has been C. had gone D. goes
( ) 14. When we arrived, the meeting ______.
A. started B. has started C. had started D. starts
( ) 15. He ______ English for six years before he went abroad.
A. studied B. has studied C. had studied D. studies
( ) 16. I ______ never ______ such an interesting story before.
A. have; read B. had; read C. have; readed D. am; reading
( ) 17. She told me she ______ her homework already.
A. finished B. has finished C. had finished D. finishes
( ) 18. They ______ each other since 2020.
A. know B. knew C. have known D. had known
( ) 19. By last term, we ______ over 2000 new words.
A. learned B. have learned C. had learned D. learn
( ) 20. I ______ just ______ my lunch.
A. have; eat B. have; eaten C. has; eaten D. had; eaten
( ) 21. He ______ to Xi’an before.
A. hasn’t been B. didn’t be C. wasn’t been D. isn’t been
( ) 22. They ______ home by 10:00 last night.
A. got B. have got C. had got D. get
( ) 23. —Have you watered the flowers?
—Yes, I ______ them ten minutes ago.
A. water B. watered C. have watered D. had watered
( ) 24. We ______ more than 100 English songs so far.
A. learned B. have learned C. had learned D. learn
( ) 25. He told me he ______ that movie already.
A. saw B. has seen C. had seen D. was seeing
三、句型转换（10 题）
1. I have finished my homework.（否定句）
I ______ ______ my homework.
2. He has lived here for five years.（一般疑问句）
______ he ______ here for five years?
3. She has read the book.（对划线部分提问）
What ______ she ______?
4. They have known each other since 2018.（对划线提问）
______ ______ have they known each other?
5. We had cleaned the room before 8:00.（否定句）
We ______ ______ the room before 8:00.
6. He had left when I arrived.（一般疑问句）
______ he ______ when you arrived?
7. I have seen that film.（用 she 改写）
She ______ ______ that film.
8. She had finished her homework.（对划线提问）
What ______ she ______?
9. They have been to Xi’an twice.（对划线提问）
______ ______ times have they been to Xi’an?
10. He went out. He locked the door.（合并成一句：过去完成时）
He ______ ______ the door before he went out.
四、完形填空（2 篇）
完形一
My friend Tom is a good student. We 1 good friends for more than six years.
Yesterday I went to see him. When I 2 his home, he 3 his math homework.
He said he 4 it for an hour. I asked him if he 5 to Xi’an Tang Paradise.
He said he 6 there twice. He told me he 7 many beautiful places before.
We talked happily. When I left, it 8 dark. I 9 that I 10 a great time.
1. A. were B. have been C. had been D. are
2. A. got to B. get C. have got D. had got
3. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done
4. A. did B. has done C. had done D. was doing
5. A. has been B. had been C. went D. goes
6. A. has been B. had been C. went D. goes
7. A. visited B. has visited C. had visited D. visits
8. A. is B. was C. has been D. had been
9. A. think B. thought C. have thought D. had thought
10. A. have B. had C. have had D. had had
完形二
Last Sunday, Li Ming 1 to the park. He 2 there many times.
When he 3, many people 4 already. Some boys 5 football.
An old man told him he 6 in the park for 30 years.
Li Ming 7 happy because he 8 a good time before.
He 9 he 10 back again next week.
1. A. go B. went C. has gone D. had gone
2. A. was B. has been C. had been D. is
3. A. arrived B. arrives C. has arrived D. had arrived
4. A. came B. have come C. had come D. come
5. A. played B. were playing C. have played D. had played
6. A. lived B. has lived C. had lived D. lives
7. A. is B. was C. has been D. had been
8. A. has B. had C. has had D. had had
9. A. say B. said C. has said D. had said
10. A. will come B. comes C. came D. had come
五、阅读理解（3 篇）
阅读 A
Jack is a Grade 9 student in Xi’an. He has learned English for six years. He likes English very much.
Last month, he took part in an English speaking competition. Before the competition, he had practiced for two months. His teacher helped him a lot.
When the competition began, Jack was a little nervous. But he tried his best. At last, he won first prize.
His parents were very happy. They said they had never seen such a good result before. Jack hopes he can learn English better and better.
1. How long has Jack learned English?
A. For 3 years. B. For 4 years. C. For 5 years. D. For 6 years.
2. What competition did Jack take part in?
A. Math competition.
B. English speaking competition.
C. Chinese competition.
D. Physics competition.
3. How long had Jack practiced before the competition?
A. For two weeks.
B. For two months.
C. For three months.
D. For half a year.
4. What prize did Jack win?
A. First prize.
B. Second prize.
C. Third prize.
D. No prize.
5. Which is TRUE?
A. Jack doesn’t like English.
B. His teacher didn’t help him.
C. Jack was a little nervous.
D. His parents were not happy.
阅读 B
My name is Wang Ling. I live in Xi’an. I have studied in No.5 Middle School for three years.
I have made many good friends here. We have studied together and helped each other.
Last term, I had a math test. I didn’t do well. My best friend Li Hua helped me a lot.
She had learned math well before, so she taught me carefully. With her help, I have made great progress.
I will never forget my friends and my school life.
1. Where does Wang Ling live?
A. Beijing. B. Xi’an. C. Shanghai. D. Guangzhou.
2. How long has she studied in No.5 Middle School?
A. For 1 year. B. For 2 years. C. For 3 years. D. For 4 years.
3. Who helped her with math?
A. Her father. B. Her mother. C. Her teacher. D. Her friend Li Hua.
4. Li Hua ______ math well before.
A. learns B. learned C. had learned D. has learned
5. Wang Ling has ______ in math.
A. made progress
B. no progress
C. given up
D. done badly
阅读 C
Last winter vacation, I went to Harbin with my family. We had a great time there.
We had never seen so much snow before. Everything was white and beautiful.
We had stayed there for five days. We visited many interesting places.
We took a lot of photos. I have already shown the photos to my classmates.
They all said Harbin was a wonderful city. I hope I can go there again.
1. Where did they go last winter vacation?
A. Xi’an. B. Harbin. C. Sanya. D. Chengdu.
2. They had never seen ______ before.
A. flowers B. snow C. trees D. rivers
3. How long had they stayed there?
A. For 3 days. B. For 4 days. C. For 5 days. D. For 6 days.
4. They ______ many interesting places.
A. visit B. visited C. have visited D. had visited
5. They have shown the photos to ______.
A. parents B. teachers C. classmates D. friends
六、参考答案
单选
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.C
6.C 7.C 8.B 9.C 10.C
11.B 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.C
16.A 17.C 18.C 19.C 20.B
21.A 22.C 23.B 24.B 25.C
句型转换
1. haven’t finished
2. Has; lived
3. has; read
4. How long
5. hadn’t cleaned
6. Had; left
7. has seen
8. had; finished
9. How many
10. had locked
完形一
1.B 2.A 3.C 4.C 5.B
6.B 7.C 8.B 9.B 10.D
完形二
1.B 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.B
6.C 7.B 8.D 9.B 10.A
阅读
A:1.D 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.C
B:1.B 2.C 3.D 4.C 5.A
C:1.B 2.B 3.C 4.B 5.C
