一、语法填空12大满分口诀 + 中考真题精讲
1. 名词不裸奔，优先变复数
口诀说明：名词在句中不能单独出现，常需变为复数或加冠词/所有格。
- 中考真题1：There are a lot of new ____ (building) in my hometown.
答案：buildings
讲解：a lot of 后接可数名词复数，building → buildings。
- 中考真题2：The ____ (child) are playing games on the playground.
答案：children
讲解：are 提示主语为复数，child → children。
2. 名词 + 名词，前名词变形容词
口诀说明：两个名词并列时，前面的名词常作定语，相当于形容词。
- 中考真题1：He is a ____ (China) teacher.
答案：Chinese
讲解：China 作定语修饰 teacher，变为形容词 Chinese。
- 中考真题2：This is a ____ (shoe) shop.
答案：shoe
讲解：shoe 作定语修饰 shop，直接用原形作形容词。
3. 介前动词 +ed
口诀说明：介词前的动词常为过去分词，表被动或完成。
- 中考真题1：The book ____ (write) by Lu Xun is very popular.
答案：written
讲解：book 与 write 是被动关系，用过去分词 written 作后置定语。
- 中考真题2：The bridge ____ (build) last year is very strong.
答案：built
讲解：bridge 与 build 是被动关系，且 last year 表过去，用 built。
4. 介后动词 +ing
口诀说明：介词（如 in, on, by, for, about 等）后的动词要用动名词（-ing 形式）。
- 中考真题1：I'm good at ____ (play) the piano.
答案：playing
讲解：at 是介词，后接 playing。
- 中考真题2：Thank you for ____ (help) me with my English.
答案：helping
讲解：for 是介词，后接 helping。
5. 主谓之间 / 形容词前 + 副词
口诀说明：修饰动词或形容词时，要用副词。
- 中考真题1：He runs ____ (slow) than his brother.
答案：more slowly
讲解：修饰动词 runs，用副词 slowly；than 提示比较级，more slowly。
- 中考真题2：The weather is ____ (terrible) cold today.
答案：terribly
讲解：修饰形容词 cold，用副词 terribly。
6. 常见的15个形容词直接 +ly
口诀说明：如 careful → carefully, quick → quickly, real → really 等。
- 中考真题1：Please listen to the teacher ____ (careful) in class.
答案：carefully
讲解：careful 变副词 carefully 修饰动词 listen。
- 中考真题2：He can answer the questions ____ (easy).
答案：easily
讲解：easy 变副词 easily 修饰动词 answer。
7. 空后有 than 比较级
口诀说明：出现 than 时，形容词/副词要用比较级。
- 中考真题1：This movie is ____ (interesting) than that one.
答案：more interesting
讲解：than 提示比较级，interesting 是多音节词，前加 more。
- 中考真题2：He is ____ (tall) than his father.
答案：taller
讲解：tall 的比较级是 taller。
8. The + 形容词最高级
口诀说明：形容词最高级前通常加 the。
- 中考真题1：This is the ____ (good) movie I have ever seen.
答案：best
讲解：good 的最高级是 best，前加 the。
- 中考真题2：He is the ____ (tall) student in our class.
答案：tallest
讲解：tall 的最高级是 tallest，前加 the。
9. 并列结构，前后一致
口诀说明：and, but, or 等并列连词连接的成分形式要一致。
- 中考真题1：He likes swimming and ____ (run).
答案：running
讲解：and 连接 swimming 和 running，形式一致。
- 中考真题2：She is kind and ____ (help).
答案：helpful
讲解：and 连接 kind 和 helpful，都是形容词。
10. 基数词变序数词
口诀说明：表示“第几”时，基数词要变为序数词。
- 中考真题1：He lives on the ____ (three) floor.
答案：third
讲解：表示“第三层”，three → third。
- 中考真题2：Today is my ____ (twelve) birthday.
答案：twelfth
讲解：表示“第十二个生日”，twelve → twelfth。
11. 动词有变：单三、时态、语态
口诀说明：动词要根据人称、时态、语态变化形式。
- 中考真题1：He often ____ (go) to school by bike.
答案：goes
讲解：often 表一般现在时，he 是第三人称单数，go → goes。
- 中考真题2：The letter ____ (send) yesterday.
答案：was sent
讲解：yesterday 表过去，letter 与 send 是被动关系，用 was sent。
12. 非谓语三变：to do, doing, done
口诀说明：非谓语动词有三种形式：不定式 to do、动名词/现在分词 doing、过去分词 done。
- 中考真题1：I want ____ (go) to the park.
答案：to go
讲解：want 后接不定式 to do。
- 中考真题2：I enjoy ____ (read) books.
答案：reading
讲解：enjoy 后接动名词 doing。
- 中考真题3：The door is ____ (lock).
答案：locked
讲解：door 与 lock 是被动关系，用过去分词 locked
语法填空练习:
1. 名词不裸奔，优先变复数
One of the ____ (knife) is mine.
New York is one of the biggest ____ (city) in America.
The ____ (leaf) on the trees turn yellow in autumn.
2. 名词 + 名词，前名词变形容词
4.He is a ____ (music) teacher.
3. 介前动词 +ed
5.The story ____ (tell) by my mother is very interesting.
4. 介后动词 +ing
6.I learned a lot by ____ (take) photos.
7.Thank you for ____ (show) me around your school.
8.Will you tell me something about ____ (learn) English?
9.I'm interested in ____ (draw) pictures.
5. 主谓之间 / 形容词前 + 副词
10.We should listen to our teachers ____ (careful).
6. 形容词直接 +ly
10.We should listen to our teachers ____ (careful).
7. 空后有 than → 比较级
11.She used to act badly, but now she acts much ____ (good).
12.They worked even ____ (hard) than they promised.
8. The + 形容词最高级
13.This is the ____ (happy) day of my life.
9. 基数词变序数词
14.It's the ____ (four) time for me to visit Tianjin.
15.May is the ____ (five) month of the year.
10. 动词变化：时态 / 情态动词
16.Students can ____ (play) soccer in the P.E. class.
17.We should ____ (save) the energy.
18.She ____ (be) in the hospital yesterday afternoon.
11. 代词宾格（介词后人称代词变宾格）
19.You should take good care of ____ (they).
20.We can learn a lot from the people around ____ (we).
参考答案 + 逐题解析
knives 解析：one of + 复数名词，knife 变 knives
cities 解析：one of + 复数名词，city 变 cities
leaves 解析：leaf 复数不规则，变 leaves
music 解析：名词作定语，music teacher 固定搭配
told 解析：被动含义，过去分词作定语
taking 解析：介词 by 后加 ing
showing 解析：介词 for 后加 ing
learning 解析：介词 about 后加 ing
drawing 解析：介词 in 后加 ing
carefully 解析：修饰动词用副词，直接加 ly
better 解析：good 比较级不规则，变 better
harder 解析：than 前面用比较级
happiest 解析：the 后用最高级
fourth 解析：the 后用序数词
fifth 解析：the 后用序数词
play 解析：can 后加原形
save 解析：should 后加原形
was 解析：yesterday 用一般过去时
them 解析：of 后用宾格
us 解析：around 后用宾格
一END一
