中考英语词语辨析(高频80组)及测试题+答案+ 解析
四十八、take(拿;乘坐;花费)与bring(带来)、carry(搬运)补充拓展:fetch(去取来)
【辨析要点】
1. 核心含义差异:① take侧重“从说话人处带走、拿走”,或“乘坐交通工具”“花费时间”;② bring侧重“从别处带到说话人处”;③ carry侧重“负重搬运”,无明确方向;④ fetch侧重“先去别处再带回”,包含“去”和“回”两个动作。
2. 搭配差异:① take + 物品(带走)、take a bus(乘坐公交)、It takes sb. time to do sth.(花费时间);② bring + 物品(带来)、bring sth. to sb.(把某物带给某人);③ carry + 重物(搬运)、carry sth. to sp.(把某物搬到某地);④ fetch + 物品(去取来)、fetch sb. sth.(去给某人拿某物)。
【例句】
① Please take this trash out.(请把这袋垃圾拿出去。——带走)
② He takes a subway to work every day.(他每天坐地铁上班。——乘坐)
③ It takes me 2.0 minutes to get to school.(我到学校要花2.0分钟。——花费)
④ Bring your homework to class tomorrow.(明天把作业带到课堂来。——带来)
⑤ The worker is carrying a heavy box.(工人正在搬一个重箱子。——负重)
⑥ Could you fetch me a glass of water?(你能去给我拿杯水吗?——去取来)
测试题
1. Please ______ this book to the library. A. take B. bring C. carry D. fetch
2. She ______ a bus to school every morning. A. takes B. brings C. carries D. fetches
3. Could you ______ me a chair from the next room? A. take B. bring C. carry D. fetch
4. The little boy can't ______ the heavy bag. A. take B. bring C. carry D. fetch
5. ______ your umbrella. It's going to rain. A. Take B. Bring C. Carry D. Fetch
答案及解析
1. 答案:A 解析:结合句意“请把这本书拿到图书馆去”,表“从当前处带到别处(图书馆)”,用take;bring表“带来”(向说话人方向),carry表“负重搬运”(书不一定是重物),fetch表“去取来”(此处无需“去回”动作),均不符合,故选A。
2. 答案:A 解析:固定搭配take a bus表“乘坐公交车”,符合句意“她每天早上坐公交车上学”;bring“带来”、carry“搬运”、fetch“去取来”均无“乘坐”含义,故选A。
3. 答案:D 解析:结合句意“你能从隔壁房间给我拿一把椅子来吗”,包含“去隔壁房间”和“把椅子带回来”两个动作,用fetch;take表“带走”,bring表“带来”(无需去别处),carry表“搬运”(不强调“去回”),均不符合,故选D。
4. 答案:C 解析:结合句意“小男孩搬不动那个重袋子”,侧重“负重搬运”,用carry;take“拿走”、bring“带来”、fetch“去取来”均不强调“负重”,故选C。
5. 答案:A 解析:结合句意“带上你的伞,要下雨了”,表“随身携带并带走(出门时)”,用take;bring表“带来”(此处是出门,远离说话人),carry表“负重搬运”(伞不是重物),fetch表“去取来”(无需去别处),均不符合,故选A。