（23-24九年级上·江苏南通·期末）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据各题所给首字母的提示，写出一个合适的英语单词完整、正确的形式，使短文通顺。
When it comes to opera, you might think of Peking Opera. But have you ever h 1 of Qinqiang Opera?
Qinqiang Opera is one of the o 2 forms of opera in China. It started from the ancient folk songs and dances of the people in Shanxi and Gansu. A 3 to historical records, the local opera dates back to the Qin Dynasty.
Hou Yan is the president of Qinqiang Theater of the Ningxia Performing Arts Group. She started learning Qinqiang Opera at 4. Training in the basic skills of Qinqiang Opera is very challenging. In 1985, Hou studied at an art school where teachers were very s 4 with students. While training, each basic move would have to be held quite correctly for half an hour and a single mistake could mean she had to start all over again. Leg stretching (伸展), waist bending and somersaults (翻筋斗) were just some of Hou’s daily training. Her hard work f 5 paid off. Hou became a performer with a troupe (剧团) in Yinchuan at 16. But in1993, the sweeping trend (趋势) of pop and Western music hit Qinqiang Opera hard. The troupe was c 6 and Hou had no choice but to leave the opera stage.
In the past decades, however, China has made great efforts to develop its traditional culture. Local governments has thought of many ways to e 7 people to pay more attention to our traditional culture. Luckily Hou had the chance to return to the stage in 2000 and put her heart into the opera form.
Now, Hou’s team gives hundreds of performances every year. The performers are all energetic and l 8 . They usually work together in an active and cheerful way. And most of the team members are of her age. They get together just because they all have a common i 9 in Qinqiang Opera. In 2021, they staged about 150 school performances.
“As we become more confident about our culture, more young people feel p 10 of our traditional culture and consider it as a fashionable trend.” said Hou.
（23-24九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。（每空一词）
In 2023, a lot of things happened in the world. We said goodbye to the pandemic (疫情). There were record-breaking (破纪录的) heatwaves and many places had natural disasters. The website of Nature picked the 10 most important people in the f 11 of environment, science, medicine and others. Let’s check out two of them.
Marina Silva
Marina Silva was born in the heart of the Amazon rainforest in Brazil. D 12 Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva’s presidencies (总统任期) from 2003 to 2008, Silva led the ministry of the environment. They made a plan. The plan cut Amazon deforestation (森林砍伐) b 13 over 80 percent from 2004 to 2012.
However, in 2019, a new leader allowed the r 14 on environmental crimes to become less strict. This led to more deforestation. In 2023, Lula became the president again and Silva got her job back in the ministry. She put the plan back in p 15 and made it better. As a result, deforestation in the area d 16 by 43 percent from January to July 2023.
Halidou Tinto
Halidou Tinto is a scientist from Burkina Faso (布基纳法索), Africa.
In Africa, malaria (疟疾) a 17 around 200 million people and kills 500,000 people every year. Children under 5 are e 18 influenced by it. In 2007, Tinto, running a small clinic (诊所) in the countryside, helped get the world’s first malaria vaccine (疫苗) into his country. The vaccine is useful but there are not e 19 of them. Over the past four years, he helped in the trial (试验) of a new vaccine. The new one works much better and will help many more people in the future. It will be used by A 20 people by as early as mid-2024, said the World Health Organization.
（2024·广东广州·一模）阅读短文，根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式，每空限填一词。
Vanessa is addictive (沉迷) to playing smartphone. She is using her cell phone all the time. She uses it when she is bored and when she is with friends. In another word, she is completely a 21 by it.
Meanwhile, it seems that some young people are s 22 from this serious problem. Cell phone addiction is bad because it leads to other problems. For example, that addition may c 23 poor study, poor sleep, and poor work at school or the office.
There are some t 24 which might help with cell phone addiction, such as put your phone down when you are having meals, studying or sleeping. Also, when you have free time, try to develop a h 25 such as swimming or dancing. Then you can spend your time. Your life will thank you for that.
参考答案：
1．(h)eard 2．(o)ldest 3．(A)ccording 4．(s)trict 5．(f)inally 6．(c)losed 7．(e)ncourage 8．(l)ively 9．(i)nterest 10．(p)roud
【导语】本文主要介绍了秦腔的历史和发展，以及秦腔演员侯艳的个人经历。
1．句意：但是你听说过秦腔吗？hear of“听说”，根据have可知，本句时态为现在完成时，所以动词用过去分词形式。故填(h)eard。
2．句意：秦腔是中国最古老的戏曲形式之一。根据“It started from the ancient folk songs and dances of the people...”可知，此处指秦腔历史悠久，old“古老的”，“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”意为“最……之一”，所以此处填写old最高级形式。故填(o)ldest。
3．句意：据史料记载，地方戏曲可以追溯到秦朝。according to“根据”，位于句首字母a大写。故填(A)ccording。
4．句意：1985年，侯就读于一所艺术学校，那里的老师对学生非常严格。根据“While training, each basic move would have to be held quite correctly...start all over again.”可知，老师严格要求学生。strict“严格的”，be strict with sb.“对某人严格”。故填(s)trict。
5．句意：她的努力终于有了回报。根据“Hou became a performer with a troupe...”并结合首字母f可知，她最终成功了。finally“终于”，副词作状语。故填(f)inally。
6．句意：剧团被关闭了，候别无选择，只能离开戏曲舞台。根据“leave the opera stage”并结合首字母c可知，剧团关闭了，close“关闭”，本句主语为谓语动词的动作承受者，所以应用被动语态，动词用过去分词形式。故填(c)losed。
7．句意：当地政府已经想了很多办法来鼓励人们更多地关注我们的传统文化。根据“pay more attention to our traditional culture”可知，此事为政府鼓励大家做的事，encourage“鼓励”，位于不定式符号to后，应用动词原形。故填(e)ncourage。
8．句意：表演者个个精神抖擞。设空处为energetic的近义词，结合首字母l可知，lively“活泼的；精力充沛的”符合语境，形容词作表语。故填(l)ively。
9．句意：他们聚在一起因为他们都对秦腔有共同的兴趣。have a interest in“对……感兴趣”，interest“兴趣”，因其前有不定冠词a，所以用单数形式。故填(i)nterest。
10．句意：随着我们对自己的文化越来越自信，更多的年轻人对我们的传统文化感到自豪并认为这是一种时尚潮流。proud“自豪的”，feel proud of“感到自豪”。故填(p)roud。
11．(f)ields 12．(D)uring 13．(b)y 14．(r)ules 15．(p)lace 16．(d)ropped/(d)ecreased 17．(a)ffects 18．(e)specially 19．(e)nough 20．(A)frican
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了《自然》杂志网站公布的两位杰出人物对世界的贡献。
11．句意：《自然》杂志网站选出了环境、科学、医学等领域最重要的10位人物。根据“10 most important people in the...of environment, science, medicine and others”可知，此处说的是多个领域的重要人物，应用field“领域”的复数形式。故填(f)ields
12．句意：在路易斯·伊纳西奥·卢拉·达席尔瓦2003年至2008年的总统任期内，席尔瓦领导了环境部。根据“from 2003 to 2008”可知，表示一段期间内，要用时间介词during。故填(D)uring。
13．句意：该计划从2004年到2012年减少了亚马逊森林砍伐的80%以上。根据“over 80 percent”和首字母提示b可知，此处应用介词by表示“相差”。故填(b)y。
14．句意：然而，在2019年，一位新的领导人让对环境犯罪的规定变得不那么严格。根据“environmental crimes”和首字母r可知，此处指的是“与环境犯罪有关的规定”，表示多条规定应用rule“规定”的复数形式。故填(r)ules。
15．句意：她重新制定了计划，并做得更好。根据首字母提示p可知，本题考查介词短语in place“在适当的位置”。故填(p)lace。
16．句意：因此，从2023年1月到7月，该地区的森林砍伐率下降/减少了43%。根据“made it better”可知，Marina Silva的计划使森林砍伐率下降/减少了，本句时态为一般过去时，应用动词drop“下降”或decrease“减少”的过去式。故填(d)ropped/(d)ecreased。
17．句意：在非洲，疟疾每年影响约2亿人，造成50万人死亡。根据“around 200 million people and kills 500,000 people every year”和首字母a可知，此处说的是疟疾造成的影响，本句时态为一般现在时，主语malaria为第三人称单数，谓语affect“影响”应用单三形式。故填(a)ffects。
18．句意：5岁以下的儿童尤其受其影响。根据“Children under 5”可知，儿童受到的影响尤其严重，应用副词especially“特别是”修饰动词influenced。故填(e)specially。
19．句意：疫苗是有用的，但是数量不够。根据“The vaccine is useful but”可知，疫苗的数量不够，enough“足够的”符合语境。故填(e)nough。
20．句意：世界卫生组织表示，非洲人民最早将在2024年年中使用这种疫苗。根据“In Africa”可知，此处说的是非洲人民，应用形容词African“非洲的”作定语修饰名词people。故填(A)frican。
21．(a)ttracted 22．(s)uffering 23．(c)ause 24．(t)ips 25．(h)obby
【导语】本文主要讲了一些年轻人沉迷于手机以及手机瘾给他们带来的危害，最后告诉我们一些缓解手机成瘾的方法。
21．句意：换句话说，她完全被手机吸引。根据首字母提示及“She uses it when she is bored and when she is with friends.”可知，她无聊时或和朋友一起时都玩手机，故空处是指“被吸引”，需填attracted。be attracted by表示“被吸引”。故填(a)ttracted。
22．句意：同时，看来有些年轻人正遭受着这个严重问题的折磨。根据首字母提示及“it seems that some young people are s...from this serious problem.”可知，空处是指“遭受”，suffer from表示“受折磨”，are后加现在分词构成现在进行时，其结构为：be+doing，故填(s)uffering。
23．句意：比如，手机瘾可能引起在学校学习不好、睡眠不好、在办公室工作不好。根据首字母及“poor study...”可知，空处是指“cause引起”。情态动词may后跟动词原形cause。故填(c)ause。
24．句意：这有一些方法可能有助于缓解手机成瘾，例如在吃饭、学习或睡觉时放下手机。根据首字母提示及“which might help with cell phone addiction, such as put your phone down when you are having meals, studying or sleeping. ”可知，列举了一些缓解手机成瘾的方法，故空处是指“方法”，tip为可数名词，some后跟可数名词复数，故填(t)ips。
25．句意：另外，有空的时候，可以尝试培养一下爱好，比如游泳或者跳舞。根据“such as swimming or dancing. ”可知，游泳或跳舞属于爱好，故空处是指“爱好hobby”，冠词a后跟名词单数。故填(h)obby。
