初中中考英语补全对话不用慌,35个场景+17组辨析全在这

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初中中考英语补全对话不用慌,35个场景+17组辨析全在这
初中补全对话大汇总
使用说明: 补全对话先靠板块一判断空格方向和答句功能,再用板块二锁定疑问句类型、语序和疑问词,遇到易混结构查板块二附辨析汇总,然后从板块三按场景取句,最后用板块四真题检验。
初中中考英语补全对话不用慌,35个场景+17组辨析全在这-第1张图片-四季读书网

板块一:补全对话策略套路与注意事项

1. 填空判断四步法

(1) 看标点定句式

① 空后是问号,写问句。② 空后是句号,写陈述句。③ 空后是感叹号,写感叹句或祝愿语。

(2) 空在问句位置,看答句关键词反推

① 答句出现 Because(因为),上文问 Why(为什么)。② 答句出现 For two days(两天),上文问 How long(多长时间);答句出现 At seven(七点),上文可能是 What time do you…? / What time will we…?(你/我们几点……?),也可能是 When…?(什么时候……?),要看上文问的是钟点还是事件时间。③ 答句出现 By bus(乘公交车)或 On foot(步行),上文问 How(怎么)。④ 答句出现 It’s next to(它在……旁边),上文问 Where(在哪里)。⑤ 答句出现 Twice a week(一周两次),上文问 How often(多久一次)。⑥ 答句出现 30 yuan(30元),上文问 How much(多少钱)。⑦ 答句出现 35 students(35名学生),上文问 How many(多少)。⑧ 答句出现 In two days(两天后),上文问 How soon(多久以后)。⑨ 答句出现 About 2 kilometers(大约两公里),上文问 How far(多远)。⑩ 答句出现 It’s Friday(星期五),上文问 What day is it today? / What’s the day today?(今天星期几?)⑪ 答句出现 It’s August 15th(八月十五日),上文问 What’s the date today? / What date is it today?(今天几号?)

(3) 空在答句位置,先看上文功能,再定答句方向

① 上文是邀请,答句优先 Yes, I’d love to(是的,我愿意)或 I’d love to, but…(我很愿意,但是……)。② 上文是请求允许,答句优先 Sure(当然)、Of Course(当然)或 I’m afraid you can’t(恐怕你不能)。③ 上文是 Would you mind…?(你介意……吗?),答句 Not at all(一点也不介意)或 Of course not(当然不介意)表示同意。④ 上文是坏消息,答句优先 I’m sorry to hear that(听到那件事我很难过)或 Don’t worry(别担心)。⑤ 上文是好消息,答句优先 Congratulations(祝贺你)、That’s amazing(太棒了)、Well done(做得好)、Good job(干得好)。⑥ 上文是建议,答句优先 Good idea(好主意)、Sounds great(听起来很棒)或 I’m afraid not(恐怕不行)。⑦ 上文是提供帮助,答句用 Yes, please(好的,请)或 No, thanks. I can do it myself(不用,谢谢。我自己能做)。⑧ 上文是劝告或警告,答句用 OK.(好的。)/ I’m sorry.(对不起。)/ I won’t do it again.(我不会再那样做了。)

(4) 时态跟住上文,人称跟住角色

① 上文用 Did you…?(你……了吗?),答句用过去式。② 上文用 Are you going to…?(你打算……吗?),答句用 I’m going to…(我打算……)。③ 空格要求写完整句子时,时态错、人称错,句型对也算错。

2. 初中生易错点专项

(1) 原高频易错点

① Would you mind…?(你介意……吗?)的答句 Not at all(一点也不介意)、Of course not(当然不介意)表示“不介意”,也就是同意;答 Yes(是的)表示“介意”,补全对话中通常不选。

② Must I…?(我必须……吗?)的否定答句用 needn’t(不必),不用 mustn’t(禁止)。

③ 反意疑问句答句依据事实,不依据问句形式。

④ 选择疑问句不能用 Yes/No 回答,必须选一个选项。

⑤ How long(多长时间)答句常用 for + 时间段;How soon(多久以后)答句常用 in + 时间段。

⑥ How often(多久一次)答句是频率;How far(多远)答句是距离或步行时间。

⑦ How much(多少/多少钱)问价格或不可数数量;How many(多少)问可数数量。

⑧ 打电话时,打电话方用 that(那个)指对方,接电话方用 this(这个)指自己。

⑨ 问路时,答句出现 next to(在……旁边)、across from(在……对面)对应 Where(在哪里);出现 by bus(乘公交车)、take Bus No. 5(乘5路公交车)对应 How(怎么去);出现 minutes’ walk(步行几分钟)、kilometers(公里)对应 How far(多远);出现 half an hour(半小时)对应 How long(多长时间)。

⑩ That’s all right(没关系/不客气)既能回应感谢,也能回应道歉;That’s right(你说得对)只表示“你说得对”。

⑪ With pleasure(很乐意)用于回应请求;My pleasure(这是我的荣幸)用于回应已完成的感谢。

⑫ 问星期用 What day is it today? / What’s the day today? / What day of the week is it?(今天星期几?);问日期用 What’s the date today? / What date is it today? / What’s today’s date?(今天几号?)不要混用。

⑬ What time 有两种用法:问“钟点本身”(What time is it?)答语不用介词,用 It’s seven o’clock.(七点。);问“事件/活动在几点发生”(What time do you get up? / What time will we leave?)答语用 at + 钟点,用 At six o’clock.(六点。)。When(什么时候)问时间范围更广,问日期用 on,问月份、年份用 in。

⑭ Which(哪一个/哪些)不只问“哪一个”,还可问“哪些、哪个国家、哪个城市、哪条路、哪路车”等,答句必须从范围内选。

⑮ 提建议的答句要匹配句式:Why not / Why don’t you / How about / What about / Let’s / You’d better / You should 后接形式不同,答句统一用 Good idea(好主意)/ Sounds great(听起来很棒)/ I’m afraid not(恐怕不行)。

⑯ have the flu(得了流感)中 flu 前用 the,不用 a;其余常见病症如 have a cold(感冒)、have a fever(发烧)、have a cough(咳嗽)、have a headache(头痛)、have a toothache(牙痛)、have a sore throat(嗓子痛)、have a stomachache(胃痛)均用 a。口诀:flu 前用 the,其余常见病症用 a。

(2) 答语方向与功能匹配易错

① 感谢答语用 You’re welcome(不客气)、Not at all(不用谢)、My pleasure(我的荣幸),不用 Never mind(不要紧,回应道歉)。

② 道歉答语用 It doesn’t matter(没关系)、Never mind(不要紧)、That’s OK(没关系),不用 You’re welcome(不客气,回应感谢)。

③ 邀请拒绝要委婉并给理由:I’d love to, but I’m busy.(我很愿意,但我很忙。)不能只答 No(不)。

④ 提供帮助的拒绝用 No, thanks. I can do it myself.(不用,谢谢。我自己能做。)不用 No, I don’t.(不,我不。)

⑤ 建议的接受用 Good idea.(好主意。)/ Sounds great.(听起来很棒。),拒绝用 I’m afraid not.(恐怕不行。)不用 Yes, I do.(是的,我做。)

⑥ 上文是生病、受伤、失败,答句用 I’m sorry to hear that.(听到那件事我很难过。)/ That’s too bad.(太糟了。)/ How sad!(太令人伤心了!),不用 Congratulations!(祝贺你!)

⑦ 上文是成功、获奖、好消息,答句用 Congratulations!(祝贺你!)/ That’s amazing!(太棒了!)/ Well done.(做得好。)/ Good for you.(为你高兴。/干得好。)/ Good on you.(干得好。)/ Nice work.(干得好。)/ Good job.(干得好。)/ You did a great job.(你干得很棒。),不用 I’m sorry to hear that.(听到那件事我很难过。)

  • 区分:Congratulations! 最正式,用于祝贺成功、获奖、喜事;Well done. / Nice work. / Good job. / You did a great job. 偏口语,称赞对方表现好;Good for you. (为你高兴)/ Good on you. 表示“干得好”,语气亲切。

  • ⑧ 接受赞美说 Thank you.(谢谢。),不直接说 No, no.(不,不。)

    ⑨ 同情用语:How awful!(太糟糕了!)/ How sad!(太令人伤心了!)/ What a pity!(真遗憾!)/ That’s unfortunate.(真不幸。)/ Oh, poor thing!(哦,可怜的人!)用于听到别人不幸时,不用来回应好消息。

    ⑩ 同意用 Certainly.(当然。)/ Sure.(当然。)/ Of course.(当然。)/ No problem.(没问题。)/ Yes, I think so.(对,我认为是这样。)/ That’s true.(确实是这样。)/ Good idea!(好主意!)/ I agree with you.(我同意你。);不同意用 I really don’t think so.(我真的不这样认为。)/ I don’t think you are right.(我认为你是错的。)

    ⑪ I’m full.(我饱了。)只用于吃饱;I’m fine.(我很好。/我够了。)/ I’m good.(我够了。)可表示不需要更多,也可回答 How are you?(你好吗?),语气更随意。

(3) 疑问句与语序易错

① 一般疑问句答语 Yes 后接肯定结构,No 后接否定结构:Aren’t you a football fan? — Yes, I am.(你不是足球迷吗?——不,我是。)

② 反意疑问句前否后肯时,事实是肯定答 Yes,事实是否定答 No:She isn’t your teacher, is she? — Yes, she is.(她不是你的老师,是吗?——不,她是。)

③ 选择疑问句不能用 Yes/No:Would you like tea or coffee? — Tea, please.(你想要茶还是咖啡?——请来茶。)

④ 特殊疑问句对主语提问用陈述语序:Who broke the window?(谁打破了窗户?)不说 Who did break the window?

⑤ 特殊疑问句对宾语、状语提问用“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”语序:Where do you live?(你住在哪里?)不说 Where you live?

⑥ 否定疑问句答语 Yes 后接肯定结构,No 后接否定结构:Don’t you like it? — Yes, I do.(你不喜欢它吗?——不,我喜欢。)

⑦ 情态动词 could 表委婉时,答语仍可用 can:Could you help me? — Yes, I can.(你能帮我吗?——是的,我能。)

⑧ Would you like…?(你想要……吗?)答 Yes, I’d love to.(是的,我愿意。)不用 Yes, I would.(是的,我会。)

⑨ 介词前置疑问句仍用“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”语序:At what time will we meet?(我们几点见面?)/ In which country do you live?(你住在哪个国家?)/ On which day shall we meet?(我们哪一天见面?)/ With whom did you go?(你和谁一起去的?)

⑩ What time 有两种情况:问钟点本身不用介词,问事件发生用 at;When 问时间范围更广,答语按信息类型选 at / on / in。详见板块二 3.(12)。

(4) how 词组与信息对应易错

① How often(多久一次)问频率,答 Twice a week.(一周两次。);How long(多长时间)问时长,答 For two days.(两天。);How soon(多久以后)问多久以后,答 In two days.(两天后。)

② How far(多远)问距离,答 About 2 kilometers.(大约两公里。)/ 10 minutes’ walk.(步行10分钟。)

③ How much(多少钱)问价格,答 30 yuan.(30元。);How many(多少)问数量,答 35 students.(35名学生。)

④ 答句出现 for + 时间段,上文用 How long;答句出现 in + 时间段,上文用 How soon。

(5) 场景用语混用易错

① 打电话:This is… speaking.(我是……)/ Is that…?(是……吗?)不说 I am…(我是……)/ Are you…?(你是……吗?)

② 购物:How much is it?(它多少钱?)问价格;How many do you want?(你想要多少?)问数量。

③ 问路:答句 It’s next to…(它在……旁边)对应 Where is it?(它在哪里?);答句 By bus.(乘公交车。)/ Take Bus No. 5.(乘5路公交车。)对应 How can I get there?(我怎么去那里?);答句 About 15 minutes’ walk.(大约步行15分钟。)对应 How far is it?(有多远?);答句 About half an hour.(大约半小时。)对应 How long does it take?(要花多长时间?)

④ 看病:How long have you been like this?(你这样多久了?)答 For two days.(两天。)/ Since last night.(从昨晚开始。)不用 In two days.(两天后。)

⑤ 看病:医生建议用祈使句或 You’d better…(你最好……):Take this medicine three times a day.(这药一天吃三次。)/ You’d better have a good rest.(你最好好好休息。)不用 You should to…

⑥ 借物:How long can I keep it?(我可以借多久?)答 For three days.(三天。)不用 In three days.(三天后。)

⑦ 情绪回应:对方坏消息用 I’m sorry to hear that.(听到那件事我很难过。);对方好消息用 Congratulations!(祝贺你!)/ Well done.(做得好。)/ Good job.(干得好。)

⑧ 问星期:What day is it today? / What’s the day today?(今天星期几?)答 It’s Friday.(星期五。);问日期:What’s the date today?(今天几号?)答 It’s August 15th.(八月十五日。)两问不要混。

⑨ 问天气:What’s the weather like today? / How is the weather?(今天天气怎么样?)答 It’s sunny/rainy/windy/cloudy.(晴天/雨天/刮风/多云。)

⑩ 问时间:What time is it? / What’s the time?(几点了?)答 It’s seven o’clock.(七点。)不用 What day is it?(今天星期几?)

⑪ 介绍他人用 This is…(这是……),不用 He is…(他是……)/ She is…(她是……):This is Nancy.(这是南希。)

⑫ 告别:Good night!(晚安!)只用于晚上分手或睡前,晚上见面问候用 Good evening!(晚上好!)

(6) 语法形式、时态与人称易错

① 时态跟住上文:Did you…?(你……了吗?)答过去式;Are you going to…?(你打算……吗?)答 I’m going to…(我打算……)。

② 人称跟住角色:问 What does your mother do?(你妈妈做什么?)答 She is a teacher.(她是一名教师。)不答 You are a teacher.(你是一名教师。)

③ 完整句子注意主谓一致:He likes…(他喜欢……)不说 He like…

④ 空格在句首,首字母大写。

⑤ 问句助动词与主语倒装:Do you…?(你……吗?)/ Did he…?(他……了吗?)不说 You do…? / He did…?

⑥ How about 后接动名词:How about going swimming?(去游泳怎么样?)不说 How about go swimming?

⑦ Why not / Why don’t you 后接动词原形:Why not join us?(为什么不加入我们?)/ Why don’t you join us?(你为什么不加入我们?)不说 Why not joining us?

⑧ Let’s 后接动词原形:Let’s go.(我们走吧。)不说 Let’s going.

⑨ You’d better 后接动词原形,否定用 You’d better not:You’d better not swim in the lake.(你最好不要在湖里游泳。)

⑩ There be 句型答语用 Yes, there is.(是的,有。)/ No, there isn’t.(不,没有。)

⑪ 时间表达:half past five(五点半)/ a quarter to five(四点四十五);日期表达:August 15th(八月十五日)。

⑫ like/love 后接动词不定式表示具体或一次性动作,接动名词表示习惯性爱好:I like to swim today.(今天我想去游泳。)/ I like swimming.(我喜欢游泳。)

(7) 书写与答题规范易错

① 答句问什么答什么,不要画蛇添足加无关信息。② 问句与答句标点匹配:问句用问号,陈述句用句号。

③ 单词拼写易错:fever(发烧)、cough(咳嗽)、stomachache(胃痛)、medicine(药)、crossing(十字路口)、bookstore(书店)、restaurant(餐馆)、umbrella(雨伞)。

④ 介词搭配易错:by bus(乘公交车)、on foot(步行)、at the gate(在大门口)、in the library(在图书馆)、on Wednesday(在星期三)、at seven o’clock(在七点)、in May(在五月)、on August 15th(在八月十五日)。

⑤ 完整句子作答时,不要只写关键词;要求写句子就写完整句子。

(8) 中英思维与文化交际易错

① 中文“不,我是”对应英文 Yes, I am.;中文“是的,我不是”对应英文 No, I am not.② 反意疑问句答语看事实,不看中文“是/不”的翻译。

③ 不问年龄、收入、婚姻等隐私:How old are you?(你多大了?)在补全对话中通常只用于熟悉场景或问第三方。

④ 礼貌开头用 Excuse me.(打扰一下。)/ Sorry.(对不起。)/ Please.(请。)

⑤ 称呼用 Mr/Mrs/Miss + 姓:Mr. Green(格林先生)/ Mrs. Green(格林夫人)/ Miss Green(格林小姐)。

⑥ 接受礼物或赞美说 Thank you.(谢谢。),不直接拒绝或过度谦虚。

⑦ 英美人常以谈论天气作为谈话开场白:Lovely day, isn’t it?(天气不错,对吗?)

⑧ 初次见面用 How do you do?(你好!),答语也是 How do you do?(你好!),不是问句,不答 I’m fine.(我很好。)

3. 场景答句方向速查

① 问候:How are you?(你好吗?)→ Fine, thanks. And you?(很好,谢谢。你呢?)

② 告别:Goodbye!(再见!)/ See you!(再见!)→ Goodbye!(再见!)/ See you!(再见!)

③ 介绍:This is…(这是……)→ Glad/Nice to meet you.(见到你很高兴。)

④ 邀请:Would you like to…?(你想……吗?)→ Yes, I’d love to.(是的,我愿意。)/ I’d love to, but…(我很愿意,但是……)

⑤ 购物:Can I help you?(我能帮你吗?)→ Yes, please. I’m looking for…(好的,请。我正在找……)

⑥ 感谢:Thank you very much.(非常感谢。)→ You’re welcome.(不客气。)/ Not at all.(不用谢。)/ My pleasure.(我的荣幸。)

⑦ 道歉:I’m sorry.(对不起。)→ It doesn’t matter.(没关系。)/ Never mind.(不要紧。)/ That’s OK.(没关系。)

⑧ 请求允许:Can/Could/May I…?(我可以……吗?)→ Sure.(当然。)/ Of course.(当然。)/ I’m afraid you can’t.(恐怕你不能。)

⑨ 祝愿祝贺:Congratulations!(祝贺你!)/ Well done.(做得好。)/ Good job.(干得好。)/ Nice work.(干得好。)/ You did a great job.(你干得很棒。)/ Have a good trip!(旅途愉快!)→ Thank you.(谢谢。)/ Thanks.(谢谢。)/ The same to you!(也祝你一样!)

⑩ 提供帮助:Can I help you?(我能帮你吗?)/ Let me help you.(让我帮你。)→ Yes, please.(好的,请。)/ No, thanks. I can do it myself.(不用,谢谢。我自己能做。)

⑪ 打电话:May I speak to…?(我可以和……通话吗?)→ This is… speaking.(我是……)/ Hold on, please.(请稍等。)

⑫ 就餐:What would you like?(你想要什么?)→ I’d like…(我想要……)/ A cup of tea, please.(请来一杯茶。)

⑬ 就医:What’s wrong?(怎么了?)→ I have a headache.(我头痛。)/ I don’t feel well.(我感觉不舒服。)

⑭ 问路:Where’s the…?(……在哪里?)→ It’s next to…(它在……旁边)/ Turn left at…(在……左转。)

⑮ 喜好厌恶:Do you like…?(你喜欢……吗?)→ Yes, I do.(是的,我喜欢。)/ No, I don’t.(不,我不喜欢。)I like…best.(我最喜欢……)

⑯ 天气:What’s the weather like?(天气怎么样?)→ It’s sunny/rainy/windy/cloudy.(晴天/雨天/刮风/多云。)

⑰ 时间:What time is it?(几点了?)→ It’s seven o’clock.(七点。);What day is it today?(今天星期几?)→ It’s Friday.(星期五。);What’s the date today?(今天几号?)→ It’s August 15th.(八月十五日。)

⑱ 观点态度:What do you think of…?(你认为……怎么样?)→ It’s wonderful.(它很精彩。)/ I don’t think so.(我不这么认为。)

⑲ 计划安排:What are you going to do?(你打算做什么?)→ I’m going to…(我打算……)/ I plan to…(我计划……)

⑳ 约会:What time shall we meet?(我们什么时候见面?)→ How about…?(……怎么样?)/ Let’s meet at…(我们在……见面吧。)

㉑ 个人信息:What’s your hobby?(你的爱好是什么?)→ My hobby is…(我的爱好是……)/ I like…(我喜欢……)

㉒ 劝告建议:You’d better…(你最好……)/ Why not…?(为什么不……?)→ OK.(好的。)/ Good idea.(好主意。)/ I’m afraid not.(恐怕不行。)

㉓ 同情:I failed the exam.(我考试不及格。)→ I’m sorry to hear that.(听到那件事我很难过。)/ How sad!(太令人伤心了!)

㉔ 同意不同意:I think…(我认为……)→ I agree with you.(我同意你。)/ I really don’t think so.(我真的不这样认为。)

㉕ 禁止警告:You can’t/mustn’t…(你不能/不可以……)/ Don’t…(不要……)/ Be careful!(小心!)→ OK.(好的。)/ I’m sorry.(对不起。)/ I won’t do it again.(我不会再那样做了。)


板块二:问句提问体系——四大疑问句对不同成分的提问及回答

1. 四种疑问句的答句规则

(1) 一般疑问句用 Yes/No(是的/不)或 Sure/Of course(当然)等回答;答句以 Yes/No 开头,上文必为一般疑问句。

(2) 特殊疑问句不用 Yes/No,问什么答什么;答句是时间、地点、方式、原因、数量等具体信息。

(3) 选择疑问句不能用 Yes/No,必须在选项中选一个;上文有 or(或者),答句是其中一个选项。

(4) 反意疑问句依据事实回答,Yes 接肯定结构,No 接否定结构;答句 Yes/No 与事实一致。

2. 一般疑问句对不同谓语成分的提问

(1) 含 be 动词:He is your close friend.(他是你的好朋友。)→ Is he your close friend?(他是你的好朋友吗?)→ Yes, he is.(是的,他是。)/ No, he isn’t.(不,他不是。)

(2) 含情态动词:I can bring you some lemons.(我可以给你带一些柠檬。)→ Can you bring me some lemons?(你能给我带一些柠檬吗?)→ Yes, I can.(是的,我能。)/ No, I can’t.(不,我不能。)

(3) 含行为动词现在时:He has supper at home every day.(他每天在家吃晚饭。)→ Does he have supper at home every day?(他每天在家吃晚饭吗?)→ Yes, he does.(是的,他每天在家吃。)/ No, he doesn’t.(不,他不在家吃。)

(4) 含行为动词过去时:He did morning exercises yesterday.(他昨天做早操了。)→ Did he do morning exercises yesterday?(他昨天做早操了吗?)→ Yes, he did.(是的,他做了。)/ No, he didn’t.(不,他没做。)

(5) 否定形式的一般疑问句 Aren’t you a football fan?(你不是足球迷吗?)事实是肯定答 Yes, I am.(不,我是。);事实是否定答 No, I am not.(是的,我不是。)

(6) Must I…?(我必须……吗?)的否定答句用 needn’t(不必)。例:Must I do it now? — No, you needn’t.(我必须现在做吗?——不,你不必。)

3. 特殊疑问句对不同句子成分的提问

(1) 对主语提问

① 用 who(谁)、what(什么)、which(哪一个)、how many(多少)。② 语序用陈述语序,疑问词直接作主语。

  • 例:Who broke the window? — Li Ming did.(谁打破了窗户?——李明打破的。)

  • 例:Whose father died two years ago? — Li Ming’s father.(谁的父亲两年前去世了?——李明的父亲。)

  • 例:What is in the room? — A lot of chairs.(房间里有什么?——很多椅子。)

  • 例:How many students will come? — Twenty.(多少学生要来?——二十个。)

(2) 对宾语提问

① 用 who(谁)、whom(谁,宾格)、what(什么)、which(哪一个)。② 语序是“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”。

  • 例:Who/Whom did Frank meet? — He met Vivian.(弗兰克遇见了谁?——他遇见了薇薇安。)

  • 例:What sports do you like? — I like basketball.(你喜欢什么运动?——我喜欢篮球。)

  • 例:Which picture did you take? — The one on the right.(你拍了哪张照片?——右边那张。)

(3) 对状语提问

① 地点用 where(在哪里),时间用 when(什么时候),原因用 why(为什么),方式用 how(怎么)。

② 语序都是“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”。

  • 例:Where do you live? — I live in Beijing.(你住在哪里?——我住在北京。)

  • 例:When were you born? — On June 5, 1992.(你什么时候出生的?——1992年6月5日。)

  • 例:Why are you late? — Because I met a traffic jam.(你为什么迟到?——因为我遇到了交通堵塞。)

  • 例:How do you go to school? — By bus.(你怎么去上学?——乘公交车。)

(4) 对表语提问

① 问职业用 what(什么)。

  • 例:What is your mother? — She is a teacher.(你妈妈是做什么的?——她是一名教师。)② 问身份或姓名用 who(谁)。

  • 例:Who is that woman? — She is Rose.(那个女人是谁?——她是罗斯。)③ 语序是“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”。

(5) 对宾语定语提问

① 用 whose + 名词(谁的……)。② 语序是“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”。

  • 例:Whose pens are these? — They are Li Ming’s.(这些是谁的钢笔?——它们是李明的。)

(6) 规则要点

① 疑问副词 when(什么时候)、where(在哪里)、why(为什么)、how(怎么)作状语,不能对主语提问。② 对主语提问用疑问代词 who(谁)、what(什么)、which(哪一个)等,且用陈述语序。

(7) 问职业的多种问法

① What do you do? — I’m a teacher.(你做什么工作?——我是一名教师。)② What is your job? — I’m a teacher.(你的工作是什么?——我是一名教师。)③ What are you? — I’m a teacher.(你是做什么的?——我是一名教师。)④ What does your mother do? — She is a teacher.(你妈妈做什么工作?——她是一名教师。)⑤ What is your mother? — She is a teacher.(你妈妈是做什么的?——她是一名教师。)⑥ What is your mother’s job? — She is a teacher.(你妈妈的工作是什么?——她是一名教师。)⑦ What do you do for a living? — I’m a doctor.(你靠什么谋生?——我是一名医生。)⑧ Where do you work? — I work in a hospital.(你在哪里工作?——我在医院工作。)注意:这一句问的是工作地点,不是职业本身。

(8) 问价格的多种问法

① How much is it? — It’s 50 yuan.(它多少钱?——50元。)② How much are they? — They’re 50 yuan.(它们多少钱?——50元。)③ How much does it cost? — It costs 50 yuan.(它花多少钱?——它花50元。)④ What’s the price of it? — It’s 50 yuan.(它的价格是多少?——50元。)⑤ What’s the price of the food? — The total price is 30 yuan.(这些食物的价格是多少?——总价30元。)⑥ How much should I pay? — 50 yuan.(我应该付多少钱?——50元。)⑦ How much is the food? — 30 yuan.(这些食物多少钱?——30元。)

(9) 颜色、外貌、性格等常见同义表达

① 问颜色:

  • What color is it? — It’s blue.(它是什么颜色?——蓝色。)

  • What color do you like? — I like blue.(你喜欢什么颜色?——我喜欢蓝色。)

  • What’s your favorite color? — Blue.(你最喜欢的颜色是什么?——蓝色。)

  • Which color do you prefer, red or blue? — Blue.(你更喜欢哪个颜色,红色还是蓝色?——蓝色。)② 问外貌:

  • What does she look like? — She is tall and thin.(她长什么样?——她又高又瘦。)

  • How does she look? — She looks happy.(她看起来怎么样?——她看起来很开心。)③ 问性格:

  • What is she like? — She is kind and shy.(她性格怎么样?——她善良又害羞。)注意:这一句问性格,不是外貌。④ 问喜好:

  • What do you like? — I like music.(你喜欢什么?——我喜欢音乐。)

  • What’s your favorite sport? — Basketball.(你最喜欢的运动是什么?——篮球。)

  • Which season do you like best? — I like spring best.(你最喜欢哪个季节?——我最喜欢春天。)

  • Do you like listening to music? — Yes, I do.(你喜欢听音乐吗?——是的,我喜欢。)

(10) 问时间、星期、日期的多种问法及回答

① 问具体时刻:

  • What time is it? — It’s seven o’clock.(几点了?——七点。)

  • What’s the time? — It’s half past five.(现在几点?——五点半。)

  • At what time will we meet? — At seven o’clock.(我们几点见面?——七点。介词前置,正式)② 问星期:

  • What day is it today? — It’s Friday.(今天星期几?——星期五。)

  • What’s the day today? — It’s Friday.(今天星期几?——星期五。)

  • What day of the week is it? — It’s Friday.(今天是一周中的星期几?——星期五。)③ 问日期:

  • What’s the date today? — It’s August 15th.(今天几号?——八月十五日。)

  • What date is it today? — It’s August 15th.(今天是几号?——八月十五日。)

  • What’s today’s date? — It’s August 15th.(今天是几号?——八月十五日。)

(11) which 的多种用法(不只“哪一个”)

① 问“哪一个”(单数范围):

  • Which picture did you take? — The one on the right.(你拍了哪张照片?——右边那张。)

  • Which do you like, football or basketball? — Basketball.(你喜欢哪个,足球还是篮球?——篮球。)

    ② 问“哪些”(复数范围):

  • Which books are yours? — The red ones.(哪些书是你的?——红色的那些。)

  • Which students will go? — Tom and Jack.(哪些学生要去?——汤姆和杰克。)

    ③ 问“哪路车”:

  • Which bus should I take? — Take Bus No. 5.(我应该乘哪路公交车?——乘5路公交车。)

    ④ 问“哪条路”:

  • Which is the way to Central Park? — Go along this street.(去中央公园的路是哪条?——沿着这条街走。)

    ⑤ 问“哪个国家/城市/季节/颜色/尺码/种类”:

  • In which country do you live? — I live in China.(你住在哪个国家?——我住在中国。)

  • Which city are you from? — I’m from Beijing.(你来自哪个城市?——我来自北京。)

  • Which season do you like best? — Spring.(你最喜欢哪个季节?——春天。)

  • Which color do you prefer, red or blue? — Blue.(你更喜欢哪个颜色,红色还是蓝色?——蓝色。)

  • Which size do you want? — Size M.(你想要哪个尺码?——M码。)

  • Which kind of music do you like? — Pop music.(你喜欢哪种音乐?——流行音乐。)

    ⑥ 问“哪个星期几/哪个月/哪一年”:

  • On which day shall we meet? — On Friday.(我们哪一天见面?——星期五。)

  • In which month were you born? — In May.(你出生在哪个月?——五月。)

    ⑦ which 与 what 的区别:which 有明确选择范围,what 范围开放。例:Which color do you like, red or blue?(你喜欢哪个颜色,红色还是蓝色?有范围)/ What color do you like?(你喜欢什么颜色?开放范围)

(12) What time 与 When 辨析

① What time 的两种情况

情况一:问“现在几点了/钟点本身”,What time 在句中作表语或主语,答语直接用 It’s + 钟点,不用介词。

  • What time is it? — It’s seven o’clock.(几点了?——七点。)

  • What’s the time? — It’s half past five.(现在几点?——五点半。)

  • What time is it now? — It’s ten past eight.(现在几点了?——八点十分。)

情况二:问“某事件/活动在几点发生”,What time 作时间状语修饰动词,答语用 at + 钟点。

  • What time do you get up? — At six o’clock.(你几点起床?——六点。)

  • What time will we leave? — At seven o’clock.(我们几点出发?——七点。)

  • What time does the shop open? — At eight.(商店几点开门?——八点。)

  • What time shall we meet? — At seven.(我们几点见面?——七点。)

  • What time does the train leave? — At nine thirty.(火车几点开?——九点半。)

  • At what time will we meet? — At seven o’clock.(我们几点见面?——七点。介词前置,正式)

判断方法: 看 what time 在句中作什么成分。作表语(is it / is the meeting)→ 答语不用介词;作状语修饰动词(do you get up / will we leave / does the shop open)→ 答语用 at + 钟点。

② When 的用法

When 问时间范围更广,可问时刻、日期、星期、月份、年份、季节。答语按信息类型选介词:

  • When is the meeting? — At seven.(会议什么时候?——七点。问时刻,用 at)

  • When will we leave? — At seven o’clock.(我们什么时候出发?——七点。问时刻,用 at)

  • When were you born? — On June 5, 1992.(你什么时候出生的?——1992年6月5日。问日期,用 on)

  • When will we meet? — On Friday.(我们什么时候见面?——星期五。问星期,用 on)

  • When did you come back? — In May.(你什么时候回来的?——五月。问月份,用 in)

③ 介词前置的正式问法(举一反三)

  • At what time will we meet? — At seven o’clock.(我们几点见面?——七点。)

  • In which country do you live? — I live in China.(你住在哪个国家?——我住在中国。)

  • On which day shall we meet? — On Friday.(我们哪一天见面?——星期五。)

  • With whom did you go? — With my friends.(你和谁一起去的?——和我的朋友。)

  • From which city are you? — I’m from Beijing.(你来自哪个城市?——我来自北京。)

  • By what time should I finish it? — By five o’clock.(我应该几点前完成?——五点前。)

④ 语序要点

介词前置疑问句的语序仍是“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”,介词放句首是为了正式或强调。

4. how 词组对不同信息类型的提问

(1) How often(多久一次)问频率,答 Twice a week(一周两次)/ Every day(每天)。(2) How long(多长时间/多长)问时长或长度,答 For two days(两天)/ About 2 meters(大约两米)。(3) How soon(多久以后)问多久以后,答 In two days(两天后)。(4) How far(多远)问距离,答 About 2 kilometers(大约两公里)/ 10 minutes’ walk(步行10分钟)。(5) How much(多少/多少钱)问价格或不可数数量,答 30 yuan(30元)/ A little(一点)。(6) How many(多少)问可数数量,答 35 students(35名学生)。

5. 选择疑问句对不同并列成分的提问

(1) 对表语:Is this a dog or a cat? — It’s a cat.(这是一只狗还是一只猫?——是一只猫。)不能答 Yes/No。

(2) 对宾语:Would you like tea or coffee? — Tea, please.(你想要茶还是咖啡?——请来茶。)

(3) 对状语:Will you go by bus or by taxi? — By bus.(你将乘公交车还是出租车去?——乘公交车。)

(4) 特殊疑问词加选择:Which do you like, football or basketball? — Basketball.(你喜欢哪个,足球还是篮球?——篮球。)

6. 反意疑问句答句依据事实

(1) You are a student, aren’t you?(你是学生,不是吗?)事实是学生答 Yes, I am.(是的,我是。);事实不是学生答 No, I’m not.(不,我不是。)

(2) She isn’t your teacher, is she?(她不是你的老师,是吗?)事实是老师答 Yes, she is.(不,她是。);事实不是老师答 No, she isn’t.(是的,她不是。)

(3) 陈述部分含 never(从不)、few(很少)、little(几乎没有)、nothing(没有什么)、nobody(没有人)等否定意义词时,简短问句用肯定形式。

  • 例:He has never been to Beijing, has he?(他从未去过北京,是吗?)

  • 例:There is little water in the bottle, is there?(瓶子里几乎没有水,是吗?)

7. 补全对话中“看答句定疑问句类型”的流程

(1) 看答句开头:Yes/No/Sure/Of course(是的/不/当然/当然)开头,上文是一般疑问句。

(2) 答句以 Because(因为)开头,上文是 Why(为什么)引导的特殊疑问句。

(3) 答句是 For two days / At seven / By bus / 30 yuan / 2 kilometers(两天/七点/乘公交车/30元/两公里)等具体信息,上文是特殊疑问句,再根据信息类型选疑问词。

(4) 答句是 or(或者)选项中的一个,上文是选择疑问句。

(5) 看上文有没有 or:有 or 且空格要求填问句,优先考虑选择疑问句,答句不能是 Yes/No。

(6) 看上文是不是“陈述加简短问句”:如果空格在句末简短问句位置,用反意疑问句。

(7) 特殊疑问句内部看问什么成分:缺主语用陈述语序;缺宾语、状语、表语用“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”语序。

(8) 答句是频率用 How often(多久一次);for 加时间段用 How long(多长时间);in 加时间段用 How soon(多久以后);距离或步行时间用 How far(多远);价格用 How much(多少钱);星期用 What day / What’s the day(星期几);日期用 What’s the date / What date(几号)。

8. 疑问词与疑问词组常用提问集锦

(1) who(谁,问主语或身份)

① Who is that woman? — She is Rose.(那个女人是谁?——她是罗斯。)② Who broke the window? — Li Ming did.(谁打破了窗户?——李明打破的。)③ Who is your English teacher? — Mr. Green.(你的英语老师是谁?——格林先生。)

(2) whom(谁,问宾语,较正式)

① Who/Whom did Frank meet? — He met Vivian.(弗兰克遇见了谁?——他遇见了薇薇安。)② Who/Whom are you waiting for? — I’m waiting for my friend.(你在等谁?——我在等我的朋友。)③ With whom did you go? — With my friends.(你和谁一起去的?——和我的朋友。)

(3) whose(谁的)

① Whose pens are these? — They are Li Ming’s.(这些是谁的钢笔?——它们是李明的。)② Whose father died two years ago? — Li Ming’s father.(谁的父亲两年前去世了?——李明的父亲。)

(4) what(什么,问事物、职业、内容)

① What is in the room? — A lot of chairs.(房间里有什么?——很多椅子。)② What do you do? — I’m a teacher.(你做什么工作?——我是一名教师。)③ What’s your hobby? — My hobby is collecting stamps.(你的爱好是什么?——我的爱好是集邮。)④ What are you going to do tomorrow? — I’m going to climb a mountain.(你明天打算做什么?——我打算去爬山。)

(5) which(哪一个/哪些/哪个范围)

① Which picture did you take? — The one on the right.(你拍了哪张照片?——右边那张。)② Which do you like, football or basketball? — Basketball.(你喜欢哪个,足球还是篮球?——篮球。)③ Which bus should I take? — Take Bus No. 5.(我应该乘哪路公交车?——乘5路公交车。)④ Which books are yours? — The red ones.(哪些书是你的?——红色的那些。)⑤ In which country do you live? — I live in China.(你住在哪个国家?——我住在中国。)⑥ Which city are you from? — I’m from Beijing.(你来自哪个城市?——我来自北京。)⑦ Which season do you like best? — Spring.(你最喜欢哪个季节?——春天。)

(6) when(什么时候)

① When were you born? — On June 5, 1992.(你什么时候出生的?——1992年6月5日。)② When will we leave? — At seven o’clock.(我们什么时候出发?——七点。)③ When shall we meet? — How about next Monday?(我们什么时候见面?——下周一怎么样?)

(7) where(在哪里)

① Where do you live? — I live in Beijing.(你住在哪里?——我住在北京。)② Where’s the post office? — It’s next to the bookstore.(邮局在哪里?——它在书店旁边。)③ Where do you work? — I work in a library.(你在哪里工作?——我在图书馆工作。)

(8) why(为什么)

① Why are you late? — Because I met a traffic jam.(你为什么迟到?——因为我遇到了交通堵塞。)② Why do you want to go there? — Because I like the food there.(你为什么想去那里?——因为我喜欢那里的食物。)③ Why not join us? — Good idea.(为什么不加入我们?——好主意。)

(9) how(怎么,问方式、状态、程度)

① How do you go to school? — By bus.(你怎么去上学?——乘公交车。)② How is your day? — Pretty good.(你今天过得怎么样?——相当好。)③ How was your trip? — It was wonderful.(你的旅行怎么样?——很精彩。)④ How are you? — Fine, thanks. And you?(你好吗?——很好,谢谢。你呢?)⑤ How does she look? — She looks happy.(她看起来怎么样?——她看起来很开心。)

(10) how old(多大,问年龄)

① How old are you? — I’m thirteen.(你多大了?——我十三岁。)② How old is she? — She is six years old.(她多大了?——她六岁。)

(11) how many(多少,问可数数量)

① How many students will come? — Twenty.(多少学生要来?——二十个。)② How many students are there in your class? — 35.(你们班有多少学生?——35名。)③ How many do you want? — Three, please.(你想要多少?——请来三个。)

(12) how much(多少/多少钱,问价格或不可数数量)

① How much is it? — It’s 50 yuan.(它多少钱?——50元。)② How much are they? — They’re 50 dollars.(它们多少钱?——50美元。)③ How much should I pay? — 30 yuan.(我应该付多少钱?——30元。)④ How much water do you need? — A little.(你需要多少水?——一点。)

(13) how long(多长时间/多长,问时长或长度)

① How long have you been like this? — For two days.(你这样多久了?——两天。)② How long does it take? — About two hours.(要花多长时间?——大约两小时。)③ How long is the river? — About 10 kilometers.(这条河多长?——大约10公里。)

(14) how soon(多久以后,问将来时间)

① How soon will he come back? — In two days.(他多久以后回来?——两天后。)② How soon can you finish it? — In an hour.(你多久以后能完成?——一小时后。)

(15) how often(多久一次,问频率)

① How often do you go to the cinema? — Twice a month.(你多久去一次电影院?——一个月两次。)② How often do you play basketball? — Four times a week.(你多久打一次篮球?——一周四次。)③ How often does he exercise? — Every day.(他多久锻炼一次?——每天。)

(16) how far(多远,问距离)

① How far is it from here? — About 15 minutes’ walk.(离这里有多远?——大约步行15分钟。)② How far is it from your home to school? — It’s just 2 kilometers.(从你家到学校有多远?——只有2公里。)

(17) how tall(多高,问身高或物体高度)

① How tall are you? — I’m 1.6 meters tall.(你多高?——我1.6米高。)② How tall is the tower? — It’s about 22 meters tall.(这座塔多高?——大约22米高。)

(18) how heavy(多重,问重量)

① How heavy is the box? — It’s about 10 kilos.(这个箱子多重?——大约10公斤。)② How heavy are you? — I’m 45 kilos.(你多重?——我45公斤。)

(19) how big(多大,问规模或尺寸)

① How big is your school? — It’s very big.(你的学校多大?——很大。)② How big is the room? — About 20 square meters.(这个房间多大?——大约20平方米。)

(20) what time(几点,问具体时刻)

① What time is it? — It’s seven o’clock.(几点了?——七点。)② What time will we leave? — At seven o’clock.(我们什么时候出发?——七点。)③ At what time will we meet? — At seven o’clock.(我们几点见面?——七点。)

(21) what day(星期几)

① What day is it today? — It’s Friday.(今天星期几?——星期五。)② What’s the day today? — It’s Friday.(今天星期几?——星期五。)③ What day of the week is it? — It’s Friday.(今天是一周中的星期几?——星期五。)

(22) what date(几号)

① What’s the date today? — It’s August 15th.(今天几号?——八月十五日。)② What date is it today? — It’s August 15th.(今天是几号?——八月十五日。)③ What’s today’s date? — It’s August 15th.(今天是几号?——八月十五日。)

(23) what color(什么颜色)

① What color is it? — It’s blue.(它是什么颜色?——蓝色。)② What color do you like? — I like blue.(你喜欢什么颜色?——我喜欢蓝色。)

(24) what size(什么尺码)

① What size would you like? — Large, please.(你想要什么尺码?——大份/大号。)② What size shoes do you take? — Size 38.(你穿多大码的鞋?——38码。)

(25) what kind(什么种类)

① What kind of room would you like? — A family room, please.(你想要什么房间?——请来一个家庭房。)② What kind of music do you like? — I like pop music.(你喜欢什么种类的音乐?——我喜欢流行音乐。)

(26) how about / what about(……怎么样,提建议)

① How about going swimming? — Good idea.(去游泳怎么样?——好主意。)② What about next Monday? — Sounds great.(下周一怎么样?——听起来很棒。)③ How about some more fish? — No, thanks. I’m full.(再来些鱼怎么样?——不用,谢谢。我饱了。)

(27) how is / how was(状态或经历如何)

① How is your day? — Pretty good.(你今天过得怎么样?——相当好。)② How was your trip? — It was wonderful.(你的旅行怎么样?——很精彩。)③ How is everything going? — Everything is OK.(一切进展如何?——一切都好。)


板块二:辨析汇总(17组)

辨析1:What time 与 When

(1) What time 问“钟点本身”,答语不用介词:

  • What time is it? — It’s seven o’clock.(几点了?——七点。)

  • What’s the time? — It’s half past five.(现在几点?——五点半。)

(2) What time 问“事件/活动在几点发生”,答语用 at + 钟点:

  • What time do you get up? — At six o’clock.(你几点起床?——六点。)

  • What time will we leave? — At seven o’clock.(我们几点出发?——七点。)

  • What time does the shop open? — At eight.(商店几点开门?——八点。)

  • What time shall we meet? — At seven.(我们几点见面?——七点。)

(3) When 问时间范围更广,答语按信息类型选介词:

  • When is the meeting? — At seven.(会议什么时候?——七点。时刻用 at)

  • When were you born? — On June 5, 1992.(你什么时候出生的?——1992年6月5日。日期用 on)

  • When will we meet? — On Friday.(我们什么时候见面?——星期五。星期用 on)

  • When did you come back? — In May.(你什么时候回来的?——五月。月份用 in)

判断方法:看 what time / when 在句中作表语还是状语。作表语问钟点本身,答语不用介词;作状语问事件发生时间,答语用 at + 钟点;问日期、星期用 on,问月份、年份用 in。

辨析2:What day / What’s the day / What day of the week / What’s the date

(1) What day is it today? / What’s the day today? / What day of the week is it?(今天星期几?)答 It’s Friday.(星期五。)(2) What’s the date today? / What date is it today? / What’s today’s date?(今天几号?)答 It’s August 15th.(八月十五日。)(3) 问星期和问日期不要混。

辨析3:which 与 what

(1) which 有明确选择范围:Which color do you like, red or blue?(你喜欢哪个颜色,红色还是蓝色?)(2) what 范围开放:What color do you like?(你喜欢什么颜色?)(3) which 还可问哪些、哪个国家、哪个城市、哪条路、哪路车:Which books are yours? / In which country do you live? / Which bus should I take?

辨析4:How often / How long / How soon / How far

(1) How often 问频率,答 Twice a week.(一周两次。)(2) How long 问时长,答 For two days.(两天。)(3) How soon 问多久以后,答 In two days.(两天后。)(4) How far 问距离,答 About 2 kilometers.(大约两公里。)(5) 答句出现 for + 时间段用 How long;出现 in + 时间段用 How soon。

辨析5:How much 与 How many

(1) How much 问价格或不可数数量:How much is it? — 50 yuan.(它多少钱?——50元。)(2) How many 问可数数量:How many students? — 35.(多少学生?——35名。)

辨析6:How do you like 与 Do you like

(1) How do you like…? 问看法,答 It’s wonderful / moving / boring,不用 Yes/No。(2) Do you like…? 问喜好,答 Yes, I do. / No, I don’t.

辨析7:What does she look like / What is she like / How does she look

(1) What does she look like? 问外貌:She is tall and thin.(她又高又瘦。)(2) What is she like? 问性格:She is kind and shy.(她善良又害羞。)(3) How does she look? 问状态:She looks happy.(她看起来很开心。)

辨析8:Sorry 与 Excuse me

(1) Sorry 用于失约、迟到、打扰别人或受责备时委婉辩解。(2) Excuse me 用于向陌生人求助、请人让路、打断谈话、发表不同意见、请求暂时离开。

辨析9:That’s all right / That’s right / Never mind

(1) That’s all right. 既能回应感谢,也能回应道歉。(2) That’s right. 只表示“你说得对”。(3) Never mind. 回应道歉时含“不要紧”,但有时带无奈意味,不太常用。

辨析10:With pleasure 与 My pleasure

(1) With pleasure. 用于回应请求,意为“很乐意”。(2) My pleasure. 用于回应已完成的感谢,意为“这是我的荣幸”。

辨析11:I’m full / I’m fine / I’m good

(1) I’m full. 只用于“吃饱了”。(2) I’m fine. / I’m good. 可表示“我够了/不用了”,也可回答 How are you?,语气比 I’m full 更随意。

辨析12:have the flu 与 have a cold/fever/cough/headache

(1) flu 前用 the:have the flu。(2) cold、fever、cough、headache、toothache、sore throat、stomachache 前用 a。(3) 口诀:flu 前用 the,其余常见病症用 a。

辨析13:Where shall / should / will / can / do we meet

(1) Where should we meet? 询问意见或建议,最常用。(2) Where shall we meet? 传统英式征求对方意见,稍正式。(3) Where will we meet? 确认已知安排。(4) Where can we meet? 强调可行性。(5) Where do we meet? 询问既定安排或惯例。

辨析14:How do you do? 与 How are you?

(1) How do you do? 初次见面,答语也是 How do you do?,不是问句。(2) How are you? 熟人问好,答 Fine, thanks. And you?

辨析15:Good night 与 Good evening

(1) Good night! 只用于晚上分手或睡前。(2) Good evening! 晚上见面问候用。

辨析16:This is… 与 He is… / She is…

(1) 介绍他人用 This is…:This is Nancy.(这是南希。)(2) 不用 He is… / She is… 来介绍他人。

辨析17:Congratulations / Well done / Good job / Nice work / Good for you / Good on you / You did a great job

(1) Congratulations! 最正式,用于祝贺成功、获奖、喜事:Congratulations! I heard you won first prize.(祝贺你!我听说你获得了一等奖。)(2) Well done. / Nice work. / Good job. / You did a great job. 偏口语,称赞对方表现好:Well done! You did a great job.(做得好!你干得很棒。)(3) Good for you. / Good on you. 表示“为你高兴/干得好”,语气亲切:Good for you! You passed the exam.(为你高兴!你考试通过了。)(4) 答语统一用 Thank you. / Thanks.(谢谢。)


板块三:场景问答总汇

场景1:问候

(1) Hello! / Hi!(你好!/嗨!)— Hello! / Hi!(你好!/嗨!)

(2) Good morning/afternoon/evening!(上午/下午/晚上好!)— Good morning/afternoon/evening!(上午/下午/晚上好!)

(3) How’s everything?(一切都好吗?)— Everything is OK.(一切都好。)

(4) How are you (doing)?(你好吗?)— Fine/Well, thanks. And you?(很好,谢谢。你呢?)— I’m fine, too.(我也很好。)

(5) How do you do?(你好!)— How do you do?(你好!)用于初次见面,答语相同,不是问句。

(6) Glad/Nice to meet/see you.(见到你很高兴。)— Glad/Nice to meet/see you, too.(见到你也很高兴。)

(7) How is it/everything going with you?(你那边情况怎么样?)/ How’s your day?(你今天过得怎么样?)/ How are you doing?(你近来怎样?)/ How are you getting on?(你进展如何?)— Pretty well/good!(相当好/很好!)/ Everything is OK!(一切都好!)/ Not too bad!(还不错!)/ Terrible.(很糟。)/ Just so-so.(一般般。)

(8) I miss you so much.(我非常想念你。)— I miss you, too.(我也想念你。)/ Me, too.(我也是。)

(9) Please give my best wishes/love to Linda.(请代我向琳达问好。)— Of course.(当然。)/ Sure, I will.(好的,我会的。)

场景2:告别

(1) Goodbye!(再见!)/ Bye-bye!(再见!)/ Bye!(再见!)/ See you!(再见!)/ So long!(再见!)— Goodbye!(再见!)/ See you!(再见!)

(2) See you later!(回头见!)/ See you soon!(一会儿见!)/ See you tomorrow!(明天见!)

(3) Good night!(晚安!)— Good night!(晚安!)用于晚上分手或睡前,晚上见面问候用 Good evening!(晚上好!)

(4) I must go now.(我必须走了。)— Hope you will come again.(希望你再来。)

(5) Please say hello to your family for me.(请代我向你的家人问好。)— OK.(好的。)

场景3:介绍

(1) 自我介绍:

  • I’m…(我叫……)/ My name is…(我的名字是……)

  • I’m from…(我来自……)

  • I like…(我喜欢……)/ I can…(我能……)

(2) 介绍他人:

  • This is…(这是……)用于介绍男士或女士,不用 He is…(他是……)/ She is…(她是……)

  • That is…(那是……)

  • They/These/Those are…(他们/这些/那些是……)

例:

Tom: Hi, Mike! This is Nancy. She’s from America.(嗨,迈克!这是南希。她来自美国。)

Mike: Glad to meet you.(见到你很高兴。)Nancy: Glad to meet you, too.(见到你也很高兴。)

Mike: Welcome to our class.(欢迎来我们班。)

Nancy: Thank you.(谢谢。)

场景4:邀请和应答

(1) Would you like to come to my birthday party?(你想来参加我的生日聚会吗?)(2) Are you free tomorrow? What/How about having a picnic?(明天你有空吗?去野餐怎么样?)(3) Why don’t you come with me?(你为什么不和我一起来?)(4) Do you want to come to my party?(你想来参加我的聚会吗?)(5) 接受:

  • I’d be glad to, thank you.(我很高兴,谢谢你。)

  • It’s very kind of you to invite me.(能邀请我,你真是太好了。)

  • Thank you for your kind invitation. I will go.(谢谢你的盛情邀请。我会去的。)

  • Thank you for inviting me.(谢谢你邀请我。)/ Thank you for having me.(谢谢你招待我。)用于接受邀请后或做客结束时表示感谢;答语:You’re welcome.(不客气。)/ My pleasure.(我的荣幸。)/ I’m glad you came.(很高兴你来。)

  • Sure.(当然。)/ Of course.(当然。)/ Certainly.(当然。)/ With pleasure.(很乐意。)/ Good idea.(好主意。)/ Sounds great.(听起来很棒。)/ That would be nice.(那会很好。)

  • Yes, I’d like/love to.(是的,我愿意/很乐意去。)/ Yes, I’ll be glad to.(是的,我会很高兴去。)

(6) 拒绝:

  • I’d like to, but I’m too busy.(我很愿意,但是我太忙了。)

  • I’m afraid not. I have to look after my sick mother.(恐怕不行。我得照顾我生病的母亲。)

  • I’m sorry. I can’t. Thank you very much.(很抱歉,我不能。非常感谢你。)

  • Sorry, I’m not free.(抱歉,我没空。)/ Sorry, I’m not available.(抱歉,我没时间。)

  • I wish I could, but I have to finish my project.(我希望我能去,但我得完成我的项目。)(7) 用法提示:Would you like to 后接动词原形;What/How about 后接动名词;Why don’t you 后接动词原形;Do you want to 后接动词原形。

场景5:购物

(1) 售货员:

  • What can I do for you?(您要买什么?)

  • May/Can I help you?(我能为您效劳吗?)

  • What would you like?(您想要什么?)

  • What size/kind/colour do you want?(您想要什么尺码/款式/颜色?)

  • How many/much do you want?(您想买多少?)

  • How/What about this one?(这个怎么样?)

  • What size?(多大号?)

(2) 顾客:

  • How much is it?(它多少钱?)/ How much are they?(它们多少钱?)

  • I would like…(我想要……)/ I want to buy…(我想买……)

  • Do you have any other size/kind/colour?(还有其他的尺码/款式/颜色吗?)

  • That’s too expensive, I’m afraid.(恐怕那太贵了。)

  • I’ll take it.(我买了。)

  • Here’s the money.(给你钱。)

  • Can/May I try it on?(我可以试穿一下吗?)

例:

A: What can I do for you?(您要买什么?)

B: I’m looking for a skirt for my birthday party.(我想为生日聚会找一条裙子。)

A: We have lots of skirts over there.(那边有很多裙子。)

B: Can I have a look at the yellow one?(我可以看看那件黄色的吗?)A: Sure.(当然。)B: How much is it?(多少钱?)

A: 100 yuan.(100元。)B: Do you have size 7?(有7码吗?)

A: Yes.(有。)B: OK. I’ll take it. Here’s the money.(好,我买了。给你钱。)

A: Thank you.(谢谢。)

B: Not at all.(不客气。)

场景6:感谢

(1) Thank you very much!(非常感谢你!)(2) Thanks!(谢谢!)(3) Thanks a lot!(多谢!)/ Many thanks!(多谢!)(4) Thanks for…(为……感谢你们。)/ Thank you for…(为……感谢你们。)(5) 回答:

  • Not at all.(不用谢。)

  • That’s all right.(不客气。)

  • My pleasure.(我的荣幸。)/ It’s my pleasure.(这是我的荣幸。)

  • You’re welcome.(不客气。)

(6) 用法:Thank you.(谢谢你。)可用于感谢帮助、回答称赞表扬、接受祝贺祝愿、与 no 连用表示推辞。

例:

Mum: This is for you, dear.(这是给你的,亲爱的。)

Kate: Oh, a schoolbag. How nice! Thanks, Mum.(哦,一个书包。真好看!谢谢妈妈。)

Mum: You’re welcome.(不客气。)

场景7:道歉

(1) Sorry!(对不起!)/ I’m sorry!(对不起!)(2) Excuse me.(对不起,打扰了。)(3) 回答:That’s all right.(没关系。)/ It doesn’t matter.(没关系。)Never mind.(不要紧,但有时含无奈意味,不太常用。)(4) 辨析:Sorry 用于失约、迟到、打扰别人或受责备时委婉辩解;Excuse me 用于向陌生人求助、请人让路、打断谈话、发表不同意见、请求暂时离开。

例:

A: Excuse me. Can you tell me the time?(打扰一下,你能告诉我时间吗?)

B: Oh, sorry. I have no watch. You can ask that man.(哦,对不起。我没带表。你可以问那个人。)

A: Thank you all the same.(仍然谢谢你。)

A: Excuse me. What’s the time, please?(打扰一下,请问几点了?)C: It’s nine thirty.(九点半。)

A: Thanks a lot.(多谢。)C: That’s all right.(不客气。)

场景8:请求许可

(1) May I…?(我可以……吗?)(2) Can/Could I…?(我能……吗?)(3) Could you please…?(请你……好吗?)(4) Can you do me a favor?(你能帮我个忙吗?)(5) 应答:

  • Yes.(是的。)/ Certainly.(当然可以。)

  • Yes, please.(请吧。)

  • OK.(好的。)/ All right.(好的。)

  • Of course you may.(当然你可以。)

  • I’m sorry, but…(我很抱歉,……)

  • You’d better not.(你最好不要那样做。)

(6) Sure, go ahead.(当然,请便。)/ Go ahead, please.(请便。)

  • 用于同意对方做某事,尤其用于对方问 May I…? / Can I…? / Do you mind if I…?

  • 例:May I open the window? — Sure, go ahead.(我可以开窗吗?——当然,请便。)

(7) 用法:can 和 may 口语中可通用,may 更正式;May I…?(我可以……吗?)语气委婉;Could I…?(我能……吗?)表示没把握,回答用 can 不用 could。

例:

A: Excuse me. May I use your pen?(打扰一下,我可以借用你的钢笔吗?)

B: I’m sorry. Mine is broken. You can ask him.(对不起,我的坏了。你可以问他。)

A: Excuse me. Could you please lend me your pen?(打扰一下,你能借我你的钢笔吗?)

C: Sure. Here you are.(当然。给你。)

A: Thank you very much.(非常感谢。)

C: My pleasure.(我的荣幸。)

场景9:打电话

(1) Hello! This is… speaking.(您好!我是……)(2) May/Can/Could I speak to…, please?(请……接电话好吗?)(3) Who’s that speaking, please?(请问您是哪位?)(4) Is that… speaking, please?(请问你是……吗?)(5) Hold on, please.(请稍等。)/ Wait for a minute, please.(请等一下。)/ Just a minute, please.(请稍等。)(6) May I have a message?(要我给你传个话吗?)(7) Would you please give him/her a message?(请给他/她捎个口信好吗?)(8) He/She isn’t here now.(他/她现在不在这儿。)(9) 用法:问对方是不是某人用 Is that…?(是……吗?),不用 Are you…?(你是……吗?);问“您是哪位”用 Who’s that calling/speaking?(您是哪位?)/ May I have your name?(请问您贵姓?),不用 Who are you?(你是谁?);自我介绍用 This is… speaking.(我是……);本人接电话说 Yes, speaking.(是的,我就是。)/ Speaking.(我就是。);拨错号说 Sorry, wrong number.(抱歉,打错了。)

例:

John: Hello, who’s that speaking, please?(喂,请问您是哪位?)

Jane: This is Jane. Can I speak to Kate, please?(我是简。请问凯特在吗?)

John: Sorry, she isn’t in.(抱歉,她不在。)

Jane: Could you please give her a message?(请你给她捎个口信好吗?)

John: Sure.(当然。)

Jane: Please tell her to call me when she comes back.(请告诉她回来后给我打电话。)

John: All right.(好的。)

Jane: Thank you very much.(非常感谢。)John: Not at all.(不客气。)

场景10:问路

(1) Where is…?(……在哪儿?)(2) Can you tell me the way to…?(你能告诉我去……的路吗?)/ Will you please show me the way to…?(请指给我去……的路好吗?)(3) Which is the way to…?(哪条是去……的路?)(4) How can I get to…?(我怎样才能到达……?)(5) 追问:How far is it?(有多远?)Which bus shall I take?(我该乘几路公共汽车?)(6) 答语:

  • Turn left/right at the first/second crossing.(在第一/第二个十字路口向左/右转。)

  • Go straight.(直走。)

  • You can go there by…(你可以乘……去那儿。)/ on foot(步行去那儿。)

  • Go down/along this street.(沿着这条街走。)

  • This way, please.(请这边走。)

  • It’s next to…(它在……旁边。)/ across from…(在……对面。)/ in front of…(在……前面。)/ behind…(在……后面。)/ between…(在……之间。)

例:

A: Excuse me. Is there a bookstore near here?(打扰一下,这附近有书店吗?)

B: Yes, there is. Go down this street. Turn right at the second crossing. You can see a big supermarket. The bookstore is next to it.(是的,有。沿着这条街走,在第二个十字路口右转。你会看到一个大型超市。书店就在它旁边。)

A: Thank you very much.(非常感谢。)

B: My pleasure.(不客气。)

场景11:喜好和厌恶

(1) I like/love… very much.(我非常喜欢……)(2) I like/love to…(我喜欢……)(3) I don’t like/love to…(我不喜欢……)(4) I hate to…(我讨厌……)(5) How do you like it?(你觉得它怎么样?)(6) 用法:like 和 love 可互换,love 语气更强;后接不定式表示具体或一次性动作,接动名词表示习惯性爱好;hate = dislike(不喜欢),口语中常含抱歉意味;表示“别人喜欢,你也喜欢”用 Me too.(我也是。)/ So do I.(我也是。);表示“别人不喜欢,你也不喜欢”用 Neither do I.(我也不。);表示最喜欢用 like…best(最喜欢……)。

例:

A: Do you like sports?(你喜欢运动吗?)

B: Yes, of course! I like swimming, basketball and football.(是的,当然!我喜欢游泳、篮球和足球。)

A: Which do you like best?(你最喜欢哪个?)

B: Football.(足球。)

场景12:谈论天气

(1) It’s a nice day, isn’t it?(今天天气不错,对吗?)(2) What’s the weather like today?(今天天气怎么样?)— It’s fine/cloudy/windy…(很好/多云/有风……)(3) How’s the weather in…?(在……天气怎么样?)(4) How about the weather tomorrow?(明天天气怎么样?)(5) 用法:英美人常以谈论天气作为谈话开场白;英国人喜欢用附加问句并加入个人感受评论,如 Lovely day, isn’t it?(天气不错,对吗?)

例:

Mum: Nancy, get up! Let’s go to the park.(南希,起床!我们去公园。)

Nancy: What’s the weather like today, Mum?(妈妈,今天天气怎么样?)

Mum: It’s sunny.(晴天。)

Nancy: Great! I’m glad to hear that.(太好了!听到这个我很高兴。)

Mum: Hurry up then!(那就快点!)

Nancy: All right!(好的!)

场景13:询问时间及应答

(1) What time is it?(几点了?)/ What’s the time?(现在几点?)— It’s four o’clock.(四点。)/ half past three(三点半)/ a quarter to eight(差一刻八点)/ five forty(五点四十)

(2) What day is it today?(今天星期几?)/ What’s the day today?(今天星期几?)/ What day of the week is it?(今天是一周中的星期几?)— It’s Monday/Tuesday/…(星期一/星期二/……)

(3) What’s the date today?(今天几号?)/ What date is it today?(今天是几号?)/ What’s today’s date?(今天是几号?)— It’s October 15th.(10月15日。)

(4) Is it Thursday, June 1st?(今天是6月1日,星期四吗?)

(5) 用法:o’clock 只用于整点;半点用 half past(……点半);美式英语用 after 代替 past,用 before/of(of偏口语,一般不做考试要求) 代替 to;时刻用阿拉伯数字表达时,点和分之间加冒号,个位数分钟前加0,如 9:05。

例:A: What day is it today?(今天星期几?)B: It’s Friday.(星期五。)A: Oh, what’s the date today?(哦,今天几号?)B: It’s September 10th.(9月10日。)A: So, it’s Teachers’ Day today! Let’s go and say hello to Miss Wang.(所以今天是教师节!我们去向王老师问好吧。)B: Great!(太好了!)

场景14:就餐

(1) Would you like…?(你想要……吗?)— Yes, please.(好的,麻烦了。)/ No, thank you.(不,谢谢你。)

(2) What would you like?(你想要什么?)— I’d like…(我想要……)

(3) Help yourself to…(请随便吃/喝些……吧。)/ Help yourself.(请自便。)用于招待客人吃东西,主人对客人说;答语:Thank you.(谢谢。)

(4) 招待他人:Will you take some soup?(你要喝点儿汤吗?)

(5) 回答款待:

  • All right, just a bit.(好的,只要一点点。)

  • No more, thanks.(够了,谢谢。)

  • I’m full.(我饱了。)用于吃饱了、拒绝再吃。

  • I’m fine.(我很好。/我够了。)用于表示不需要更多,语气客气。

  • I’m good.(我够了。/我很好。)口语中常表示“不用了,我够了”,比 I’m fine 更随意。

  • 注意:I’m full 只用于“吃饱”;I’m fine / I’m good 还可用于回答 How are you?(你好吗?),不要混。

(6) Make yourself at home.(请自便。/别拘束。)用于客人到家时,让客人放松、随意;答语:Thank you.(谢谢。)

(7) 点餐与结账:

  • May/Can I take your order?(我可以为您点餐吗?)— Yes, I’d like a bowl of noodles.(好的,我想要一碗面条。)

  • What size would you like?(你想要什么份量?)— Large, please.(大份,请。)

  • Can/Could I have the bill?(我可以结账吗?)— Yes.(好的。)/ Sure.(当然。)

  • How much is the food?(这些食物多少钱?)/ How much should I pay?(我应该付多少钱?)— 30 yuan.(30元。)

  • How will you pay for it?(你将怎么付款?)— By WeChat/Alipay.(用微信/支付宝。)

例:

A: Supper is ready!(晚饭好了!)

B: OK, I’m coming.(好的,我来了。)

A: What would you like?(你想要什么?)

B: I’d like some chicken and some rice.(我想要一些鸡肉和米饭。)

A: Would you like something to drink?(你想喝点什么吗?)

B: Mmm, orange juice, please.(嗯,请来橙汁。)

A: All right. Here’s your juice.(好的。你的果汁。)

B: Thanks.(谢谢。)

场景15:就医

(1) 医生用语:

  • What’s wrong/the matter/the trouble with you?(你怎么了?)

  • How are you feeling now?(你现在感觉怎么样?)

  • How long have you been like this?(这种情况持续多久了?)

  • Are you feeling better?(你感觉好些了吗?)

(2) 患者用语:

  • I have a headache.(我头痛。)

  • I have a cold.(我感冒了。)

  • I have a fever / a temperature.(我发烧了。)

  • I have a cough.(我咳嗽。)

  • I have a toothache.(我牙痛。)

  • I have a sore throat.(我嗓子痛。)

  • I have a stomachache.(我胃痛。)

  • I have a pain on my back.(我背疼。)

  • I have the flu.(我得了流感。)注意:flu 前用 the,不用 a。

  • I feel terrible/bad.(我感觉很难受。)

  • I don’t feel well.(我感觉不舒服。)

  • I’ve got a bad cold.(我得了重感冒。)

(3) 医生诊断和医嘱:

  • You have the flu.(你得了流感。)

  • Take this medicine three times a day.(这种药一天服三次。)

  • Nothing serious. You’ll be well/all right soon.(不要紧,你很快就会好的。)

  • Drink more hot water.(多喝热水。)

  • You’d better have a good rest.(你最好好好休息。)

用法:

  • 表示疾病短语中,headache、cold、fever、cough、toothache、sore throat、stomachache 前用不定冠词 a:have a headache / have a cold / have a fever / have a cough / have a toothache / have a sore throat / have a stomachache。

  • flu 前用定冠词 the:have the flu。

  • 记忆口诀:flu 前用 the,其余常见病症用 a。

例:

Jane: Good afternoon.(下午好。)

Doctor: Good afternoon. What’s your trouble?(下午好。你怎么了?)

Jane: I feel terrible and I have a headache.(我感觉很难受,而且头痛。)

Doctor: Let me take your temperature. Oh, you have a fever. I think you have a cold.(让我量一下体温。哦,你发烧了。我想你感冒了。)

Jane: What shall I do?(我该怎么办?)

Doctor: Don’t worry. Take this medicine and drink more hot water.(别担心。吃这个药,多喝热水。)

场景16:同情

(1) How awful!(太糟糕了!)(2) How sad!(太令人伤心了!)(3) What a pity!(真遗憾!)(4) That’s unfortunate.(真不幸。)(5) Oh, poor thing!(哦,可怜的人!)(6) I’m sorry to hear that.(听到那件事我很难过。)

用法:这些句子用于听到别人发生不幸时表达同情和感叹,不用来回应好消息。

例:

A: Hello! You look so different today.(你好!你今天看起来很不一样。)

B: I am sad.(我很难过。)

A: Why?(为什么?)

B: My grandma passed away.(我奶奶去世了。)

A: Oh, how sad! I am sorry to hear that.(哦,太令人伤心了!听到这个我很难过。)

B: I miss her.(我想她。)

A: I know how you feel. My grandpa passed away months ago.(我理解你的感受。我爷爷几个月前也去世了。)

场景17:约会

(1) Are you free this afternoon?(今天下午你有空吗?)(2) How about tomorrow morning?(明天早上怎么样?)(3) Shall we meet…?(我们……见面好吗?)(4) Let’s meet…(让我们……见面吧。)(5) Where shall/should/will/can/do we meet? 辨析:

  • Where should we meet?(我们应该在哪里见面?)询问意见或建议,中性、礼貌、最常用。

  • Where shall we meet?(我们(要)在哪里见面?)传统英式英语征求对方意见,稍正式或老派。

  • Where will we meet?(我们(根据约定)将在哪里见面?)询问未来事实或确认已知安排。

  • Where can we meet?(我们(在条件限制下)能在哪里见面?)强调可行性。

  • Where do we meet?(我们在哪里见面?)询问既定安排或惯例。

A: Let’s go to the park.(我们去公园吧。)

B: Good idea.(好主意。)

A: Are you free this morning?(今天上午你有空吗?)

B: Sorry, I have to do my homework.(抱歉,我得做作业。)

A: How about this afternoon?(今天下午怎么样?)

B: I have time at three o’clock.(我三点有空。)

A: Good. Let’s meet at the park gate at three o’clock.(好。我们三点在公园门口见。)B: See you then!(到时候见!)

场景18:同意和不同意

(1) 同意:

  • Certainly.(当然可以。)/ Sure.(当然。)/ Of course.(当然。)

  • No problem.(没问题。)

  • Yes, I think so.(对,我认为是这样。)

  • That’s true.(是真的。/确实是这样。)

  • Good idea!(好主意!)/ That’s a good idea!(那是个好主意!)

  • I/We agree with you.(我/我们同意你的意见。)

(2) 不同意:

  • I really don’t think so.(我真的不这样认为。)

  • I don’t think you are right.(我认为你是错的。)

  • I’m afraid not.(恐怕不行。)

例:

A: Let’s go to the playground.(我们去操场吧。)

B: What can we do on the playground?(我们在操场能做什么?)

A: We can fly a kite.(我们可以放风筝。)

B: That’s a good idea.(好主意。)

A: Do you have a kite?(你有风筝吗?)B: Here it is. Let’s go.(在这里。走吧。)

场景19:劝告和建议

(1) You’d better (not)…(你最好(别)……)(2) You should…(你应该……)(3) Let’s…together.(让我们一起……吧。)(4) Why not try again?(为什么不再试试?)(5) Why don’t you…?(你为什么不……?)(6) How/What about…?(……怎么样?)(7) Shall we…?(我们……好吗?)

(8) 应答:

  • OK.(好的。)/ All right.(好的。)

  • Good idea.(好主意。)/ That’s a good idea.(那是个好主意。)

  • Sounds great.(听起来很棒。)

  • I’m afraid not.(恐怕不行。)

  • I’d love to, but…(我很愿意,但是……)

用法:Let’s 后接动词原形;You’d better 后接动词原形,否定 You’d better not(你最好别);Why not / Why don’t you 后接动词原形;How/What about 后接动名词。

例:

A: Hi, Ann!(嗨,安!)

B: Hello, Xiaoming!(你好,小明!)

A: Where are you going?(你要去哪里?)

B: I am going to swim in the lake.(我要去湖里游泳。)

A: Oh, no! You’d better not swim in the lake. It isn’t safe.(哦,不!你最好不要在湖里游泳。不安全。)

B: All right.(好的。)

场景20:祝愿与祝贺

(1) Good luck to you!(祝你好运!)= Good luck with you.(祝你好运。)/ My best wishes to you.(向你致以最美好的祝愿。)(2) Best wishes to you!(最好的祝福送给你!)(3) Have a nice/good time!(祝你玩得开心!)(4) Congratulations!(祝贺你!)用于对胜利、成功、喜事表示祝贺。(5) Well done.(做得好。)/ Nice work.(干得好。)/ Good job.(干得好。)/ You did a great job.(你干得很棒。)用于称赞对方表现好。(6) Good for you.(为你高兴。/干得好。)/ Good on you.(干得好。)

Good for you. 它表达的是“I'm happy for you”或“That's good to hear”。焦点是发生在某人身上的好运或好消息,比如升职、中奖、考试通过。

Good on you. (=Well done!=Good job) 对某人付出的努力、取得的成就或展现的品质表示认可。焦点是人的行为和潜力。)

(7) Happy New Year!(新年快乐!)(8) Happy birthday to you!(祝你生日快乐!)(9) 答语:Thank you.(谢谢你。)/ Thanks.(谢谢。)/ The same to you!(也祝你一样!)/ You, too!(也祝你一样!)

例:

A: Hi, Mike. This is a gift for you. Happy birthday to you!(嗨,迈克。这是给你的礼物。祝你生日快乐!)

B: I like it very much. Thank you.(我非常喜欢。谢谢。)

A: You’re welcome.(不客气。)

场景21:提供帮助和应答

(1) Can I help you?(我能帮助你吗?)(2) May I help you?(我可以帮助你吗?)(3) What can I do for you?(我能为你做什么?)(4) Let me… for you.(让我为你……)(5) Would you like some…?(你想要一些……吗?)(6) 接受:Thanks.(谢谢。)/ Thank you for your help.(谢谢你的帮助。)/ Yes, please.(是的,麻烦了。)/ Yes, of course.(是的,当然。)/ That would be nice/fine.(那太好了。)(7) 拒绝:No, thanks/thank you.(不,谢谢。)/ That’s very kind of you, but…(你真是太好了,但是……)

例:

A: Oh, the box is too heavy. I can’t carry it.(哦,这个箱子太重了。我搬不动。)

B: May I help you?(我可以帮你吗?)

A: Yes, of course. Thank you so much.(是的,当然。非常感谢。)

B: You’re welcome.(不客气。)

场景22:禁止和警告

(1) You can’t/mustn’t…(你不能/不可以……)(2) Don’t…(不要……)(3) If you…, you’ll…(你如果……就……)(4) Be careful!(小心!)= Look out!(小心!)=Watch out!(小心)(5) 应答:OK.(好的。)/ Thank you.(谢谢。)/ Oh, I’m sorry.(哦,对不起。)/ I’ll never do it again.(我不会再那样做了。)

例:

A: Hi, Tom.(嗨,汤姆。)

B: Yes?(怎么了?)

A: Look at the notice. You can’t walk your dog in the park.(看那个通知。你不能在公园里遛狗。)

B: Oh, I’ll never do it again.(哦,我不会再那样做了。)

场景23:观点态度

(1) Do you think we can get to the airport on time?(你认为我们能准时到机场吗?)(2) Are you sure this is the quickest way?(你确定这是最快的路吗?)(3) Is it/Will it be sunny tomorrow?(明天是/会是晴天吗?)(4) 肯定回答:I think/hope so.(我认为/希望如此。)/ Yes, I’m afraid so.(是的,恐怕如此。)/ There’s no doubt about it.(毫无疑问。)(5) 否定回答:I don’t think so.(我不这么认为。)/ Sorry, I’m afraid not.(抱歉,恐怕不是。)/ Not exactly.(不完全是。)/ It’s hard to say.(很难说。)/ I have no idea.(我不知道。)(6) What do you think of the movie?(你认为这部电影怎么样?)/ How do you feel about the movie?(你觉得这部电影如何?)/ How do you like the movie?(你认为这部电影怎么样?)— It’s wonderful.(它很精彩。)/ fantastic(极好)/ moving(感人)

  • 注意:How do you like…?(你认为……怎么样?)问看法,不是问单纯喜好。问喜好用 Do you like the movie?(你喜欢这部电影吗?)答 Yes/No(是的/不)。(7) I think today’s school trip is wonderful.(我认为今天的学校旅行很棒。)(8) Do you agree to cook together with me?(你同意和我一起做饭吗?)— I agree with you.(我同意你。)/ I can’t agree more.(我完全同意。)/ That’s true.(那是真的。)/ You’re right.(你说得对。)/ I disagree.(我不同意。)/ I don’t think so.(我不这么认为。)

场景24:计划安排

(1) Do you have any plans for tomorrow?(你明天有什么计划吗?)— Yes, I do.(是的,有。)/ No, I don’t.(不,没有。)

(2) What are you going to do tomorrow?(你明天打算做什么?)/ What will you do tomorrow?(你明天将做什么?)

(3) What is your plan?(你的计划是什么?)

(4) What do you plan to do during the summer vacation?(你暑假期间计划做什么?)/ What’s your plan for the summer vacation?(你暑假的计划是什么?)

(5) What do you want to do this winter holiday?(这个寒假你想做什么?)/ How will you spend the coming holiday?(你将怎样度过即将到来的假期?)

(6) 答:I am going to/I will climb a mountain.(我打算/我将去爬山。)/ I plan to visit my grandparents.(我计划去看望我的祖父母。)/ My plan is to visit my grandparents.(我的计划是看望我的祖父母。)/ I want to read some history books.(我想读一些历史书。)/ I’ve no idea.(我不知道。)/ I haven’t decided yet.(我还没决定。)

(7) 询问具体时刻:What time is it?(几点了?)/ What’s the time?(现在几点?)— It’s half past five/seven o’clock/a quarter to five.(五点半/七点/四点四十五。)

(8) 询问星期/日期:What day is it today?(今天星期几?)/ What’s the day today?(今天星期几?)— It’s Friday.(星期五。);What’s the date today?(今天几号?)/ What date is it today?(今天是几号?)— It’s August 15th.(八月十五日。)

(9) 询问时段:How long do you plan to stay there?(你计划在那里待多久?)— For two days.(两天。)/ From July 12th to 18th.(从7月12日到18日。)

场景25:个人信息

(1) Which season do you like best?(你最喜欢哪个季节?)— I like spring best.(我最喜欢春天。)

(2) What do you prefer, coffee or tea?(你更喜欢什么,咖啡还是茶?)— Coffee.(咖啡。)/ I prefer tea.(我更喜欢茶。)/ Either is OK.(两者都可以。)

(3) What’s your favorite sport?(你最喜欢的运动是什么?)— Basketball.(篮球。)/ My favorite sport is ping-pong.(我最喜欢的运动是乒乓球。)

(4) What do you like/love doing/to do?(你喜欢做什么?)— I like/love to cook.(我喜欢做饭。)/ I like/love reading.(我喜欢阅读。)

(5) What do you often do in your free/spare time?(你空闲时间经常做什么?)— I often/always/usually do some volunteer work.(我经常/总是/通常做一些志愿工作。)

(6) What’s your hobby?(你的爱好是什么?)— My hobby is collecting stamps.(我的爱好是集邮。)/ I love/like/enjoy listening to music.(我喜欢听音乐。)

(7) Do you like/love listening to music?(你喜欢听音乐吗?)— Yes, I do.(是的,我喜欢。)/ No, I don’t.(不,我不喜欢。)

(8) How old is she?(她多大了?)— She is six years old.(她六岁。)

(9) What does she look like?(她长什么样?)— She is tall/short.(她很高/矮。)/ She is of medium height.(她中等身高。)/ She has long straight hair.(她留着长直发。)

(10) What is she like?(她性格怎么样?)— She is kind/shy.(她善良/害羞。)

(11) Where do you work?(你在哪里工作?)— I work in a library/bank/hospital.(我在图书馆/银行/医院工作。)

场景26:旅游与出行计划

(1) Where do you want to go?(你想去哪里?)/ What’s your plan?(你的计划是什么?)— I want to go to Dalian.(我想去大连。)/ I plan to go to…(我计划去……)

(2) Why do you want to go there?(你为什么想去那里?)— Because I like the food there.(因为我喜欢那里的食物。)/ Because I’ve always wanted to see…(因为我一直想看看……)

(3) How do you want to get there?(你想怎么去那里?)— By ship.(乘船。)/ By high-speed railway.(乘高铁。)/ By plane.(乘飞机。)

(4) How long does it take?(要花多长时间?)— About seven hours.(大约七小时。)/ It takes about two hours.(大约两小时。)

(5) Have you decided where to go for the holiday?(你决定假期去哪里了吗?)— Not yet. Do you have any good ideas?(还没有。你有什么好主意吗?)

(6) When shall we set off?(我们什么时候出发?)— The earlier, the better.(越早越好。)/ How about next Monday?(下周一怎么样?)

(7) Have a good time/trip!(玩得开心/旅途愉快!)— Thanks.(谢谢。)

(8) What can I do for you?(我能为你做什么?)— I want to book a ticket to Dali.(我想订一张去大理的票。)/ I’d like to book a room for two nights.(我想订一个房间住两晚。)

(9) What time do you want to leave?(你想什么时候离开?)— At seven o’clock this evening.(今晚七点。)

(10) Which sleeper do you like, hard or soft?(你喜欢哪种卧铺,硬卧还是软卧?)— I prefer the soft sleeper. It’s more comfortable.(我更喜欢软卧。它更舒服。)

(11) How much is it?(多少钱?)— It’s 390 yuan.(390元。)/ 380 yuan per night.(每晚380元。)

(12) Is breakfast included in the price?(价格包含早餐吗?)— Yes, breakfast is free.(是的,早餐免费。)

场景27:运动与健康

(1) Do you exercise every day?(你每天锻炼吗?)— Yes, I do.(是的。)/ No, I don’t.(不。)

(2) What’s your favorite exercise/sport?(你最喜欢的运动是什么?)— I like running best.(我最喜欢跑步。)/ My favorite sport is basketball.(我最喜欢的运动是篮球。)

(3) When do you often run?(你经常什么时候跑步?)— I often run before breakfast.(我经常在早饭前跑步。)

(4) How often do you play basketball?(你多久打一次篮球?)— Four times a week.(一周四次。)/ Once a week.(一周一次。)/ Every day.(每天。)

(5) How long do you usually play it each time?(你每次通常打多久?)— For an hour each time.(每次一小时。)/ About two hours.(大约两小时。)

(6) I think exercising can make us healthy.(我认为锻炼能让我们健康。)— You’re right.(你说得对。)

(7) How often(多久一次)问频率,答 Twice a week(一周两次);How long(多长时间)问时长,答 For an hour(一小时);How far(多远)问距离,答 About 2 kilometers(大约两公里)。

场景28:学校生活与学习

(1) What club do you want to join?(你想加入什么社团?)— I want to join the art club.(我想加入美术社团。)/ The robotics club.(机器人社团。)

(2) What do you often do in the club?(你们在社团经常做什么?)— We listen to talks and do projects.(我们听讲座和做项目。)

(3) Why do you want to join it?(你为什么想加入它?)— Because I’m interested in…(因为我对……感兴趣。)

(4) How do you study English?(你怎么学英语?)— I study English by reading aloud.(我通过大声朗读学英语。)/ By listening to English songs.(通过听英语歌。)

(5) How did you do in the English test?(你英语考试考得怎么样?)— I got an A.(我得了一个A。)/ I did well.(我考得很好。)/ Not very well.(不太好。)

(6) What’s your school like?(你的学校什么样?)— It’s big and beautiful.(它又大又漂亮。)/ It has a large library.(它有一个大图书馆。)

(7) You look upset. What’s wrong?(你看起来很难过。怎么了?)— I failed in the English exam.(我英语考试不及格。)

(8) Don’t worry. You can talk with me.(别担心。你可以和我聊聊。)— Thank you.(谢谢。)/ That’s very kind of you.(你真好。)

场景29:预约

(1) I’d like to book a table for five people.(我想订一张五人桌。)— Sure. What time?(好的。什么时间?)

(2) I’d like to make an appointment to see Dr. Kim.(我想预约看金医生。)— OK. How about tomorrow morning?(好的。明天上午怎么样?)

(3) When will you arrive and how many people will stay?(你们什么时候到,几个人住?)— We’ll arrive on July 15th. Two adults and one child.(我们7月15日到。两个大人一个孩子。)

(4) What kind of room would you like?(你想要什么房间?)— A family room, please.(请来一个家庭房。)/ A single room.(一个单人间。)

(5) Is breakfast included in the price?(价格包含早餐吗?)— Yes, breakfast is free.(是的,早餐免费。)

场景30:借物与归还

(1) Can/May/Could I borrow your…?(我可以借你的……吗?)/ Could you lend me your…?(你能把你的……借给我吗?)— Sure. Here you are.(当然。给你。)/ No problem.(没问题。)

(2) How long can I keep it?(我可以借多久?)— You can keep it for two days.(你可以借两天。)/ For three days.(三天。)

(3) Here’s your… Thank you.(这是你的……谢谢。)— You’re welcome.(不客气。)/ I’m glad I could help.(很高兴能帮上忙。)

(4) You should return it on time.(你应该按时归还。)— OK, I will.(好的,我会的。)

(5) May I borrow your…?(我可以借你的……吗?)/ Can I use your…?(我可以用你的……吗?)— Sure. Here you are.(当然。给你。)/ Sorry, I don’t have one.(抱歉,我没有。)

场景31:情绪与回应

(1) What’s wrong?(怎么了?)/ What’s the matter?(怎么了?)— I failed my exam.(我考试不及格。)/ I have a bad cold.(我得了重感冒。)

(2) 对方生病、受伤、失败时,答句优先 I’m sorry to hear that.(听到那件事我很难过。)/ That’s too bad.(太糟了。)/ Don’t worry.(别担心。)/ How sad!(太令人伤心了!)/ What a pity!(真遗憾!)

(3) Don’t be afraid.(别害怕。)/ It’ll be OK.(会好的。)

(4) 惊讶与喜悦:Really?(真的吗?)/ Wow!(哇!)/ That’s amazing!(太棒了!)/ I can’t believe it!(我简直不敢相信!)

(5) I got first prize.(我得了一等奖。)— Congratulations!(祝贺你!)/ That’s amazing!(太棒了!)/ Well done.(做得好。)/ Good job.(干得好。)/ Nice work.(干得好。)/ You did a great job.(你干得很棒。)/ Good for you.(为你高兴。)

(6) We’ll have a two-day holiday.(我们将有两天的假期。)— Really? I’m so happy to hear that.(真的吗?听到这个我真高兴。)

(7) 遗憾:What a shame!(真遗憾!)/ It’s a great pity!(太可惜了!)/ That’s too bad!(太糟了!)

(8) 易错区分:上文是生病、受伤、失败,优先 I’m sorry to hear that.(听到那件事我很难过。)/ That’s too bad.(太糟了。);上文是成功、获奖、好消息,优先 Congratulations!(祝贺你!)/ That’s amazing!(太棒了!)/ Well done.(做得好。)/ Good job.(干得好。)/ Nice work.(干得好。)/ You did a great job.(你干得很棒。)/ Good for you.(为你高兴。)

场景32:科技与发明

(1) Who was it invented by?(它是谁发明的?)— It was invented by…(它是由……发明的。)/ by someone in a US company.(由美国一家公司的某个人发明的。)

(2) What is it used for?(它用来做什么?)— It’s used for…(它用于……)/ It allows people to…(它允许人们……)

(3) What’s your favorite invention?(你最喜欢的发明是什么?)— I think the most useful invention is the telephone/light bulb.(我认为最有用的发明是电话/电灯泡。)

(4) Why do you think so?(你为什么这么认为?)— Because it allows people to talk to friends freely.(因为它让人们可以自由地和朋友交谈。)

场景33:家乡变化

(1) How has your hometown changed?(你的家乡发生了什么变化?)/ How has life changed in your hometown?(你家乡的生活发生了什么变化?)— It has changed a lot.(变化很大。)/ Great changes have taken place there.(那里发生了巨大的变化。)

(2) What did it use to be like?(它过去是什么样的?)— It used to be…(它过去是……)But now…(但现在……)

(3) What about the traffic/environment?(交通/环境怎么样?)— It’s much better now.(现在好多了。)

场景34:情境型对话专练原句(综合练习)

说明:本场景为综合练习句,不按单一功能归类,用于检测“看答句定问句、看问句定答句”的能力。

(1) Wait for a moment. I’ll order after my friend arrives.(请稍等。我朋友到了后我再点餐。)

  • 对应场景:就餐;可反推问句:May I take your order now?(现在可以为您点餐吗?

(2) No problem. I’ll give the bill to you soon.(没问题。我很快把账单给你。)

  • 对应场景:就餐结账;可反推问句:Can/Could I have the bill?(我可以结账吗?)

(3) I want to buy a pair of sports shoes.(我想买一双运动鞋。)

  • 对应场景:购物;可反推问句:Can I help you? / What can I do for you?(我能帮你吗?/我能为你做什么?)

(4) Yes. I’ll get you a smaller size.(是的。我给你拿一个小一点的尺码。)

  • 对应场景:购物;可反推问句:Do you have a smaller size?(你们有小一点的尺码吗?)

(5) It’s almost six o’clock. It’s time to have a meal.(快六点了。该吃饭了。)

  • 对应场景:时间/就餐;可反推问句:What time is it?(几点了?)

(6) Because books take me to different worlds.(因为书带我进入不同的世界。)

  • 对应场景:喜好;可反推问句:Why do you like reading?(你为什么喜欢阅读?)

(7) The guitar club is open on Wednesday.(吉他俱乐部星期三开放。)

  • 对应场景:学校生活;可反推问句:When is the guitar club open?(吉他俱乐部什么时候开放?)

(8) I live at No.56, Rose Street.(我住在玫瑰街56号。)

  • 对应场景:个人信息;可反推问句:Where do you live?(你住在哪里?)

(9) My mom is my model.(我妈妈是我的榜样。)

  • 对应场景:个人信息;可反推问句:Who is your model?(你的榜样是谁?)

(10) Blue. It makes me feel calm.(蓝色。它让我感到平静。)

  • 对应场景:个人信息/颜色;可反推问句:What’s your favorite color? / What color do you like best?(你最喜欢的颜色是什么?)

(11) How do you like the English party last night?(你认为昨晚的英语聚会怎么样?)We sang English songs and made new friends.(我们唱了英语歌,还交了新朋友。)

  • 对应场景:观点态度;注意 How do you like 问看法,不是问喜好。

(12) It is just 2 kilometers from my home to school.(从我家到学校只有2公里。)

  • 对应场景:问路/距离;可反推问句:How far is it from your home to school?(从你家到学校有多远?)

(13) There are 35 students in our class.(我们班有35名学生。)

  • 对应场景:个人信息/数量;可反推问句:How many students are there in your class?(你们班有多少学生?)

(14) One costs 30 yuan.(一本30元。)

  • 对应场景:购物/价格;可反推问句:How much does one cost?(一本多少钱?)

(15) I write to him every two weeks.(我每两周给他写一次信。)

  • 对应场景:个人信息/频率;可反推问句:How often do you write to him?(你多久给他写一次信?)

(16) It’s about 22 meters tall. The bell sounds really nice.(它大约22米高。钟声听起来真好听。)

  • 对应场景:个人信息/高度;可反推问句:How tall is the tower?(这座塔多高?)

(17) Congratulations! I heard that you won first prize in the Olympic Maths Competition.(祝贺你!我听说你在奥林匹克数学竞赛中获得了一等奖。)

  • 对应场景:祝愿祝贺;答语:Thank you.(谢谢。)

(18) Jack, I guess you like animals very much. I think they are important and helpful to us all.(杰克,我猜你非常喜欢动物。我认为它们对我们所有人来说都很重要、很有帮助。)

  • 对应场景:观点态度/喜好;答语:Yes, I do. / You’re right.(是的,我喜欢。/你说得对。)

(19) Paper cutting is a kind of traditional art in China. Nowadays, many people begin to learn it. Some families usually put paper cuttings up on windows during the Spring Festival.(剪纸是中国的一种传统艺术。如今,许多人开始学习它。一些家庭通常在春节期间把剪纸贴在窗户上。)

  • 对应场景:文化/观点态度;可反推问句:What do you think of paper cutting?(你认为剪纸怎么样?)

(20) The class bell rings.(上课铃响了。)OK. Let’s go.(好的。我们走吧。)

  • 对应场景:学校生活;可反推问句:What time is it? / It’s time for class.(几点了?/该上课了。)

(21) It’s bad for our environment.(这对我们的环境有害。)OK. I won’t.(好的。我不会了。)

  • 对应场景:禁止警告/环保;可反推问句:Don’t do that. It’s bad for our environment.(别那样做。这对我们的环境有害。)

(22) Sorry, I won’t do that again. I didn’t know this river was very deep.(对不起,我不会再那样做了。我不知道这条河很深。)

  • 对应场景:禁止警告;可反推问句:Don’t swim in the river. It’s dangerous.(不要在河里游泳。很危险。)

场景35:易混补充

(1) 购物:Can I help you?(我能帮你吗?)/ What can I do for you?(我能为你做什么?)— Yes, please. I want…(好的,请。我想要……)/ I’m looking for…(我正在找……)

(2) 购物:How much is it?(它多少钱?)/ How much are they?(它们多少钱?)— It’s fifty yuan.(五十元。)/ They’re 50 dollars.(50美元。)

(3) 购物:It’s too expensive. Do you have a cheaper one?(太贵了。你们有便宜一点的吗?)— Yes, this one is cheaper.(是的,这个更便宜。)

(4) 问路:Go along this street.(沿着这条街走。)/ Turn left/right at the first crossing.(在第一个十字路口左转/右转。)对应 How can I get there?(我怎么去那里?)

(5) 问路:It’s next to…(它在……旁边。)/ across from…(在……对面。)对应 Where is it?(它在哪里?)

(6) 问路:It’s about five minutes’ walk.(大约步行五分钟。)对应 How far is it?(有多远?)

(7) 问路:You can take the No. 3 bus.(你可以乘3路公交车。)对应 How can I get there?(我怎么去那里?)/ Which bus should I take?(我应该乘哪路公交车?)

(8) 看病:What’s wrong/the matter with you?(你怎么了?)— I have a headache/a cold/a fever/a cough.(我头痛/感冒/发烧/咳嗽。)/ I don’t feel well.(我感觉不舒服。)

(9) 看病:How long have you been like this?(你这样多久了?)— For two days.(两天。)/ Since last night.(从昨晚开始。)

(10) 看病:Is it serious?(严重吗?)— Nothing serious.(没什么严重的。)/ You just have a cold.(你只是感冒了。)

(11) 看病:How often do I need to take it?(我需要多久吃一次?)— Twice a day.(一天两次。)/ Three times a day.(一天三次。)

(12) 打电话:May I speak to…?(我可以和……通话吗?)/ Is that… speaking?(是……吗?)— This is… speaking.(我是……)/ … speaking.(……在说话。)

(13) 打电话:Hold on, please.(请稍等。)/ Sorry, he/she isn’t in.(抱歉,他/她不在。)Can I take a message?(我可以捎个口信吗?)

(14) 邀请:Would you like to go with me?(你想和我一起去吗?)— Yes, I’d love to.(是的,我愿意。)/ I’d love to, but I’m busy.(我很愿意,但我很忙。)

(15) 建议:Why don’t you…?(你为什么不……?)/ Why not…?(为什么不……?)/ How about…?(……怎么样?)— That’s a good idea.(那是个好主意。)/ OK.(好的。)

(16) 借东西:May I borrow your…?(我可以借你的……吗?)/ Can I use your…?(我可以用你的……吗?)— Sure. Here you are.(当然。给你。)/ Sorry, I don’t have one.(抱歉,我没有。)

(17) 借东西:How long can I keep it?(我可以借多久?)— For three days.(三天。)

(18) 请求允许:Can/Could/May I…?(我可以……吗?)— Yes.(是的。)/ Sure.(当然。)/ Certainly.(当然。)/ Of course.(当然。)

(19) 请求允许:Do you mind if I…?(你介意我……吗?)— Not at all.(一点也不介意。)/ Of course not.(当然不介意。)

(20) 感谢:Thank you very much.(非常感谢。)— You’re welcome.(不客气。)/ Not at all.(不用谢。)/ That’s all right.(没关系。)

(21) 道歉:Sorry.(对不起。)— It doesn’t matter.(没关系。)/ Never mind.(不要紧。)/ That’s OK.(没关系。)


板块四:中考真题及专项练习

1. 选择型补全对话

(1) 真题1(2026·广东·中考真题)

Caroline: Dr. Chen, what is the best part of your job as a space scientist?(陈博士,你作为太空科学家,工作中最好的部分是什么?)Dr. Chen: 1 ____ There is so much to research.(有太多东西要研究。)Caroline: What made you study space in the first place?(最初是什么让你开始研究太空的?)Dr. Chen: I loved watching the sky when I was little. 2 ____(我小时候喜欢看天空。)Caroline: Did you learn a lot of physics?(你学了很多物理吗?)Dr. Chen: Sure. I’m still learning.(当然。我还在学。)Caroline: 3 ____Dr. Chen: It depends. For me, it is easy and fun.(看情况。对我来说,它既简单又有趣。)Caroline: I am also interested in space science. Can you give me some advice?(我也对太空科学感兴趣。你能给我一些建议吗?)Dr. Chen: Read more. 4 ____ And let your curiosity guide you.(多读。让你的好奇心引导你。)Caroline: I’ve learned a lot from you today, Dr. Chen. 5 ____(今天我从你这里学到了很多,陈博士。)Dr. Chen: You’re welcome.(不客气。)

A. Thank you very much.(非常感谢。)B. Keep asking questions.(不断提问。)C. Is physics difficult to learn?(物理难学吗?)D. Studying the soil from the moon.(研究来自月球的土壤。)E. How long have you worked here?(你在这里工作多久了?)F. I wanted to know what was out there.(我想知道外面有什么。)

答案:1. D 2. F 3. C 4. B 5. A

解析:

① 上文问“工作中最好的部分是什么”,D“研究来自月球的土壤”回答具体内容。② 上文问“最初为什么研究太空”,F“我想知道外面有什么”回答原因。③ 下文答“看情况。对我来说既简单又有趣”,上文问“物理难不难学”,选 C。④ 上文建议“多读”,下文并列“让好奇心引导你”,B“不断提问”属于同类建议。⑤ 上文说“学到了很多”,下文答“不客气”,填感谢语,选 A。

(2) 真题2(2026·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题)

(Ren Hao and Zhang Lu are on the way to school.)(任浩和张璐在去学校的路上。)R: Hi, Zhang Lu. Where did you go last weekend?(嗨,张璐。你上周末去哪里了?)Z: I went to a farm with my classmates.(我和同学去了一个农场。)R: Really? 6 ____(真的吗?)Z: We grew vegetables. I have never done such hard work.(我们种菜了。我从没干过这么辛苦的活。)R: 7 ____Z: Yes. But we enjoyed ourselves and got some farming skills.(是的。但我们玩得很开心,还学到了一些农活技能。)R: Sounds great! What else did you do?(听起来很棒!你们还做了什么?)Z: 8 ____R: Wow! What a special day!(哇!多么特别的一天!)Z: We are going there again next Saturday. 9 ____(我们下周六还要去。)R: Sure, I can’t wait. Where shall we meet?(当然,我等不及了。我们在哪里见面?)Z: 10 ____R: OK, see you then!(好的,到时候见!)Z: See you!(再见!)

A. What a pity!(真遗憾!)B. Did you feel tired?(你们觉得累吗?)C. At the school gate.(在校门口。)D. Why not go with us?(为什么不和我们一起去?)E. What did you do there?(你们在那里做了什么?)F. Did you go there by bus?(你们乘公交车去那里的吗?)G. We also fed animals and picked fruits.(我们还喂了动物、摘了水果。)

答案:6. E 7. B 8. G 9. D 10. C

解析:

① 下文答“我们种菜了”,上文问“你们在那里做了什么”,选 E。② 下文答“是的。但我们玩得很开心”,上文问“你们觉得累吗”,选 B。③ 上文问“你们还做了什么”,G“我们还喂了动物、摘了水果”直接回答。④ 下文答“当然,我等不及了”,上文是邀请,D“为什么不和我们一起去”符合。⑤ 上文问“我们在哪里见面”,C“在校门口”回答地点。

(3) 真题3(2026·广西·中考真题)

A: Hi, Li Hua.(嗨,李华。)B: 11 ____A: What do you often do in your free time?(你空闲时间经常做什么?)B: 12 ____A: Oh, really? How often do you do sports?(哦,真的吗?你多久做一次运动?)B: Every day. My grandmother teaches me Tai Chi.(每天。我奶奶教我打太极。)A: 13 ____B: Tai Chi is a traditional Chinese sport.(太极是一项中国传统运动。)A: I see. Could you teach me?(我明白了。你能教我吗?)B: 14 ____ Let’s start next Saturday.(我们下周六开始吧。)A: 15 ____ See you then.(到时候见。)B: See you.(再见。)

A. Hi, Mike.(嗨,迈克。)B. Yes, of course.(是的,当然。)C. It’s a large city.(它是一座大城市。)D. What’s Tai Chi?(什么是太极?)E. I often do sports.(我经常做运动。)F. Next Saturday is OK.(下周六可以。)

答案:11. A 12. E 13. D 14. B 15. F

解析:

① A 说“Hi, Li Hua”,B 回应问候并称呼对方,选 A。② 上文问“空闲时间经常做什么”,E“我经常做运动”直接回答。③ 下文解释“太极是一项中国传统运动”,上文问“什么是太极”,选 D。④ 上文问“你能教我吗”,下文说“下周六开始”,B“是的,当然”表示同意。⑤ 上文说“下周六开始”,F“下周六可以”表示确认。

2. 填空型补全对话

(1) 真题4(2025·河南·中考真题·填空型·节选改编)

A: You look a bit worried, Tony. 1 ____?(你看起来有点担心,托尼。?)B: I can’t find my English book. I looked everywhere.(我找不到我的英语书了。我到处都找过了。)A: 2 ____? Maybe it’s in your schoolbag.(也许在你的书包里。)B: Let me check. Oh, it is here! Thank you.(让我看看。哦,在这里!谢谢你。)A: 3 ____.(不客气。)B: By the way, 4 ____?(顺便问一下,?)A: I’m going to the library. I want to borrow some books.(我要去图书馆。我想借一些书。)B: 5 ____?(?)A: About once a week.(大约一周一次。)

参考答案:

① What’s wrong / What’s the matter(怎么了)② Did you look in your schoolbag / Have you checked your schoolbag(你检查书包了吗)③ You’re welcome / That’s all right(不客气)④ Where are you going(你要去哪里)⑤ How often do you go to the library(你多久去一次图书馆)

解析:

① 上文“You look a bit worried”(你看起来有点担心)提示询问“怎么了”。② 下文“Maybe it’s in your schoolbag”(也许在你的书包里)提示问是否检查过书包。③ 上文说 Thank you.(谢谢你。),答语用 You’re welcome / That’s all right(不客气)。④ 下文答“I’m going to the library”(我要去图书馆),上文问“你要去哪里”。⑤ 下文答 About once a week.(大约一周一次。),上文问频率。

(2) 真题5(2024·吉林·中考真题·填空型·节选改编)

A: Hi, Mary. You look happy today.(嗨,玛丽。你今天看起来很开心。)B: Yes. I 1 ____ first prize in the English speech competition.(是的。我在英语演讲比赛中一等奖。)A: Congratulations! 2 ____?(祝贺你!?)B: I prepared for it by practising every day.(我每天练习来准备的。)A: 3 ____?(?)B: My English teacher helped me a lot.(我的英语老师帮了我很多。)A: That’s great. 4 ____?(那太好了。?)B: I’m going to celebrate with my parents tonight.(我今晚要和父母一起庆祝。)A: 5 ____!(!)B: Thank you.(谢谢。)

参考答案:

① won / got(获得)② How did you prepare for it(你是怎么准备的)③ Who helped you(谁帮助了你)④ What are you going to do tonight / How will you celebrate(你今晚打算做什么/怎么庆祝)⑤ Have a good time / Enjoy yourself(玩得开心)

解析:

① 上文“You look happy”(你看起来很开心)和下文“Congratulations”(祝贺你)提示 B 获奖,填 won / got(获得)。若下文是 Well done. / Good job. / Nice work. / You did a great job. / Good for you.,同样提示上文是成功、获奖或表现好。

② 下文“I prepared for it by practising every day”(我每天练习来准备的)回答方式,上文问 How did you prepare for it(你是怎么准备的)。

③ 下文“My English teacher helped me a lot”(我的英语老师帮了我很多)回答人物,上文问 Who helped you(谁帮助了你)。

④ 下文“I’m going to celebrate with my parents tonight”(我今晚要和父母一起庆祝)回答计划,上文问 What are you going to do tonight(你今晚打算做什么)或 How will you celebrate(你打算怎么庆祝)。⑤ 对方要去庆祝,祝愿用 Have a good time / Enjoy yourself(玩得开心)。


总结: 补全对话先靠板块一判断空格方向和答句功能,再用板块二锁定疑问句类型、语序和疑问词,遇到易混结构查板块二附辨析汇总,然后从板块三按场景取句,最后用板块四真题检验。

核心记三句话:一般疑问句看 Yes/No(是的/不);特殊疑问句看成分定语序、看信息定疑问词;选择疑问句看 or(或者)且不能用 Yes/No,反意疑问句看事实且不看问句形式。

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