高考英语真题•长难句分析1000句:21-30(转发,收藏,练熟)
以下是精选的10个高考真题或模拟题长难句，序号从第二十一句开始。第二十一句：Indeed, the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the creative process, and yet a coworking space or a coffee shop provides a certain level of noise while also providing freedom from interruptions.（2021年全国乙卷阅读D篇）
句子成分分析：Indeed是评注性状语。主语the researchers，谓语found，that引导宾语从句。宾语从句中，and yet连接两个并列分句。第一个分句主语face-to-face interactions and conversations，谓语affect，宾语the creative process。第二个分句主语a coworking space or a coffee shop，谓语provides，宾语a certain level of noise，while also providing freedom from interruptions是现在分词短语作伴随状语，省略了主语和be动词。句式结构分析：主句为“the researchers found that...”。宾语从句由and yet连接两个转折关系的并列分句，第二个分句中现在分词短语作伴随状语，形成“提供噪音的同时提供自由”的对比。interaction n. 互动，交流。常见搭配：face-to-face interaction（面对面互动）、social interaction（社交互动）。affect v. 影响。注意区分：affect（动词，影响）与effect（名词，效果）。a certain level of 一定程度的。certain在此表示“某种，一定的”，而非“确定的”。freedom from 免受……的自由，没有……的自由。常见搭配：freedom from interruptions（不受打扰的自由）。第二十二句：Every time I gave a self-introduction, I had to explain how to pronounce my name at least five times, yet they still could not say it the way I did.（2025年全国二卷读后续写）
句子成分分析：Every time I gave a self-introduction是时间状语从句，Every time相当于whenever。主句主语I，谓语had to explain，宾语是“how to pronounce my name”这个“疑问词+不定式”结构，at least five times是频率状语。yet引导转折分句，主语they，谓语could not say，宾语it，the way I did是方式状语，I did是省略了关系词的定语从句修饰the way。句式结构分析：Every time引导时间状语从句，主句中how to pronounce my name作explain的宾语，yet连接转折分句，句尾the way后跟省略that的定语从句。self-introduction n. 自我介绍。常见搭配：give a self-introduction（做自我介绍）。pronounce v. 发音，宣布。名词形式：pronunciation。at least 至少。反义表达：at most（至多）。the way (that/in which) 以……的方式。引导方式状语从句时，关系词常省略。第二十三句：The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream with a great deal of freedom, as opposed to a restaurant where the service is impersonal, the menu is known in advance, and the meal is expected to be no surprise.（2024年1月浙江卷完形填空）
句子成分分析：主语The platform，谓语has enabled，宾语Ribeiro，to realise her dream是宾语补足语，with a great deal of freedom是介词短语作方式状语。as opposed to a restaurant是对比状语，where引导定语从句修饰a restaurant，从句中三个并列分句：the service is impersonal、the menu is known in advance、the meal is expected to be no surprise。句式结构分析：主句为“The platform has enabled Ribeiro to realise her dream”。enable sb to do sth是固定结构。as opposed to引出对比对象，其后where定语从句中包含三个并列分句，均为被动语态或系表结构。enable v. 使能够。常见搭配：enable sb to do sth（使某人能够做某事）。realise v. 实现，意识到。英式拼写，美式为realize。常见搭配：realise one‘s dream（实现梦想）。as opposed to 与……相反，而不是。用于引出对比项。impersonal adj. 冷漠的，无人情味的。反义词：personal（有人情味的）。第二十四句：It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day.（2023年新课标I卷阅读七选五）
句子成分分析：主语It，系动词might be，表语the time。三个when引导的并列定语从句修饰the time：第一个从句中you是主语，helped是谓语，a friend是宾语，with their homework是介词短语作状语；第二个从句中you是主语，did是谓语，the ironing是宾语，without being asked是介词短语作状语；第三个从句中you是主语，baked是谓语，cookies是宾语，after the family had had a tiring day是时间状语从句。句式结构分析：主干为“It might be the time”。三个when引导的定语从句并列修饰the time，形成排比结构，第三个从句中嵌套after引导的时间状语从句。help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事。也可用help sb (to) do sth。without being asked 未经要求，主动地。being asked是动名词的被动形式。bake v. 烘焙。常见搭配：bake cookies（烤饼干）、bake a cake（烤蛋糕）。tiring adj. 令人疲惫的。注意区分：tiring（令人疲惫的）与tired（感到疲惫的）。第二十五句：Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age.（2022年新高考I卷阅读七选五）
句子成分分析：主语Her notice，谓语included，宾语由三个并列成分构成：第一个是what引导的宾语从句“what kind of training she wanted to do”；第二个是how引导的并列宾语从句“how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session”；第三个是名词短语her age。句式结构分析：主干为“Her notice included...”。included后接三个并列宾语，其中前两个为宾语从句，第三个为名词短语，形成“从句+从句+名词”的混合并列结构。notice n. 通知，布告；v. 注意到。在句中意为“通知”。session n. 一段时间，一节（课）。常见搭配：training session（训练课）、a session of talks（一轮会谈）。spend...on 在……上花费（时间或金钱）。常见搭配：spend time on sth（在某事上花时间）。include v. 包括，包含。注意区分：include（包括）与contain（容纳）。第二十六句：As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a century or more, they‘re increasingly being sighted by humans.（2023年全国甲卷阅读D篇）
句子成分分析：As引导时间状语从句，表“随着”，从句中grizzly bears是主语，expand是谓语，their range是宾语，into places是介词短语作方向状语，where they haven‘t been seen in a century or more是定语从句修饰places。主句中they是主语，are increasingly being sighted是谓语（现在进行时被动语态），by humans是施动者。句式结构分析：As引导时间状语从句，从句中嵌套where定语从句，主句使用现在进行时的被动语态，强调“被人类发现”这一动作的持续发生。expand v. 扩大，扩展。常见搭配：expand one’s range（扩大活动范围）、expand into（扩展到）。range n. 范围，领地；v. 在……范围内变动。常见搭配：a wide range of（广泛的）。sight v. 看见，发现（尤指罕见的事物）；n. 视力，景象。被动语态be sighted表示“被发现”。increasingly adv. 越来越多地，不断增加地。修饰形容词或副词，表示程度递增。第二十七句：Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.（2022年新高考I卷阅读D篇）
句子成分分析：主语Analyses of a language database，谓语confirmed，that引导宾语从句。从句中there was是谓语，a global change是主语，in the sound of world languages是介词短语作后置定语，after the Neolithic age是时间状语。with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years是独立主格结构，作伴随状语。句式结构分析：主句为“Analyses...confirmed that...”。宾语从句为there be句型，句尾with复合结构（with+宾语+现在分词）作伴随状语，补充说明语音变化的具体表现。analysis n. 分析。复数形式：analyses。常见搭配：data analysis（数据分析）。database n. 数据库。常见搭配：language database（语言数据库）。confirm v. 证实，确认。常见搭配：confirm that...（证实……）、confirm a booking（确认预订）。remarkably adv. 显著地，引人注目地。形容词形式：remarkable。第二十八句：Thus, the keyboard can determine people‘s identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it’s connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.（2019年全国Ⅰ卷阅读C篇）
句子成分分析：Thus是连接副词。主语the keyboard，谓语can determine，宾语是people‘s identities和whether引导的宾语从句，由and连接。by extension是插入语，表“进而、由此”。whether从句中they是主语，should be given是谓语（被动语态），access是宾语，to the computer是介词短语作后置定语，it’s connected to是省略了关系代词的定语从句修饰the computer。regardless of whether someone gets the password right是让步状语，其中whether引导宾语从句作regardless of的宾语。句式结构分析：由and连接的并列句，第二个分句中by extension作插入语，whether宾语从句作determine的并列宾语。句尾regardless of whether...引导让步状语，其中嵌套宾语从句。determine v. 决定，确定。常见搭配：determine one‘s identity（确定身份）。identity n. 身份，特征。常见搭配：identity card（身份证）、cultural identity（文化认同）。by extension 进而，由此推及。用于引出逻辑上的延伸结论。regardless of 不管，不顾。后接名词、代词或whether/wh-从句。access n. 通道，使用权；v. 访问，进入。常见搭配：give access to（给予访问权限）。第二十九句：When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems.（2023年新课标I卷阅读B篇）
句子成分分析：When John Todd was a child是时间状语从句。主句主语he，谓语loved，宾语to explore the woods，around his house是介词短语作后置定语修饰woods。observing how nature solved problems是现在分词短语作伴随状语，其中how引导宾语从句作observing的宾语，从句中nature是主语，solved是谓语，problems是宾语。句式结构分析：When引导时间状语从句，主句为“he loved to explore the woods”，句尾现在分词短语observing...作伴随状语，其中嵌套how宾语从句。explore v. 探索，探究。常见搭配：explore the woods（探索树林）、explore possibilities（探索可能性）。observe v. 观察，注意到；遵守。常见搭配：observe how...（观察……如何……）、observe rules（遵守规则）。solve v. 解决，解答。常见搭配：solve a problem（解决问题）、solve a mystery（解开谜团）。第三十句：Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces.（2025年全国二卷阅读C篇）
句子成分分析：主语Our study，谓语showed，that引导宾语从句。从句中there was是谓语，a 30% decrease是主语，in sick leave是介词短语作后置定语，for people是介词短语表示对象，who were in plant-rich workplaces是定语从句修饰people。句式结构分析：主句为“Our study showed that...”。宾语从句为there be句型，主语a 30% decrease后跟in介词短语作后置定语，for people后跟who定语从句，形成“定语+定语从句”的双重后置修饰。decrease n. 减少，下降；v. 减少。常见搭配：a decrease in（在……方面的减少）。sick leave 病假。常见搭配：on sick leave（休病假）。plant-rich adj. 植物丰富的。由“名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词，如plant-rich workplaces（植物丰富的工作场所）。workplace n. 工作场所。常见搭配：a safe workplace（安全的工作场所）。
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