时事来源：Passage 1 真实事件与数据——据艾媒咨询（iiMedia Research，第三方机构，非国家机关）《2024-2025年中国谷子经济市场分析报告》《2025-2029年中国情绪经济消费趋势洞察报告》：中国谷子经济 2025 年市场规模 2021 亿元（同比 +19.66%）、2024 年 1689 亿元（同比 +40.63%）、预计 2026 年 2265 亿元、2029 年超 3000 亿元；泛二次元用户 2025 年达 5.26 亿人；消费用户女性占比 54.1%、30 岁以下约 49%；61.1% 因喜爱 IP 本身购买、88.6% 愿为限量款付溢价（艾媒/行业调研）。闭店潮数据据中国经济网 2026-08-26：2025 上半年全国至少 155 家谷子店闭店或计划闭店，2026 部分城市关店速度为上年同期两倍；连锁品牌潮玩星球 148→99 家、暴蒙 59→22 家、漫库 44→31 家，2025 新开业约 14% 未撑过一年；某热门 IP 徽章曾二手炒至 7.2 万元、后按重量称卖。关键事实均取索，未虚构；全篇规避国家机关口径，以第三方咨询与行业媒体为源。Passage 2 为外刊社会心理通识，依据 Wason（1960, Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 12(3):129–140）"2-4-6"任务——真实规则为"any three increasing numbers"，29 人中仅约 6 人未经错误猜测即得出正确规则；Lord, Ross & Lepper（1979, JPSP）"biased assimilation"死刑态度研究——支持与反对者读同一对研究后各自更笃信原立场、立场差扩大；Klayman & Ha（1987）"positive test strategy"重释；Nickerson（1998）综述三渠道；Stanovich 等 myside bias（2013，独立于智力）；Kahan 等（2017）身份保护性认知；Snyder & Swann（1978）假设检验问句实验。史实均取索，未虚构。

Passage 1中国"谷子经济"（二次元IP周边消费）崛起

体裁：新闻报道（中国时事·青年消费文化·非科技）　词数：约 384　难度：★★★☆（对标 C 篇中难偏上）

原文（先做后看解析；仅真超纲词就近标注，其余请语境自猜）

The term guzi — a phonetic borrowing from the English word "goods" — refers to IP-derived merchandise（周边商品） such as badges, standees and keychains built around anime, games and comics. What began as a niche hobby has, in a few years, grown into one of China's most visible youth-consumption phenomena, with malls now opening guzi streets.

Hard figures from iiMedia Research show the scale. China's guzi economy reached a market size of 202.1 billion yuan in 2025, up 19.66 percent from a year earlier, after climbing 40.63 percent in 2024 to 168.9 billion. The consultancy forecasts 226.5 billion yuan for 2026 and more than 300 billion by 2029. Behind the money is a large crowd: pan-ACG users numbered 526 million in 2025.

Why do small pieces of printed metal and plastic command such devotion? The answer lies less in function than in feeling. For many young buyers, a badge is a portable piece of a beloved story. Survey data capture the pull: 61.1 percent say they buy mainly because they love the IP itself, and 88.6 percent are willing to pay extra for limited editions. These objects resonate with a generation that spends on emotion rather than mere usefulness. Female buyers make up 54.1 percent, a profile broader than the male-dominated core fan base.

The mood is not universal; a shakeout is underway. In early 2025, at least 155 guzi stores closed or planned to close, and in 2026 closures in some cities ran at twice the prior rate. Chain brands contracted sharply: one label fell from 148 to 99 stores, another from 59 to 22, a third from 44 to 31. Roughly 14 percent of shops opened in 2025 did not survive a full year. A popular-series badge that once resold for 72,000 yuan now changes hands by weight. The market is shifting from wild growth toward quality and concentration in stronger IPs.

The longer arc looks steadier. IP authorization keeps expanding; authorized retail reached 179.85 billion yuan in 2025, up 15.9 percent. As the fad cools, what endures is the turn toward pleasing oneself: young Chinese spend on meaning, belonging and mood. The tiny badge has become a cultural and emotional carrier. Its future will rest on genuine IP quality and rights protection rather than on speculation — how a subculture can mature into an economy.

题目（Q1–Q4）

1. What do figures from iiMedia Research show about China's guzi economy?A. Its 2025 market size reached about 202.1 billion yuan, up nearly 20 percent from 2024.B. It shrank in 2025 as young buyers lost interest in anime products.C. Pan-ACG users dropped below 500 million in 2025.D. It is driven mainly by buyers aged over forty.
2. What can be inferred about why guzi consumption keeps growing despite a shop shakeout?A. The products are far cheaper than traditional toys.B. The trend depends largely on government subsidy programs.C. Its appeal rests on emotional value and identity, not simply on price.D. Older consumers have replaced teenagers as the main buyers.
3. The word "resonate" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.A. to be priced well above its real valueB. to be felt as meaningful and moving by someoneC. to be copied by foreign brandsD. to be taken off store shelves
4. What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?A. To discourage young people from buying any merchandise.B. To argue that guzi is the same as traditional sports gear.C. To predict the quick end of physical retail shops.D. To show how a youth subculture grew into a sizable emotional economy.

逐题解析

Q1 答案：A

正确原因：细节题。Para2 "China's guzi economy reached a market size of 202.1 billion yuan in 2025, up 19.66 percent from a year earlier" 直接给出 2025 规模与同比增速，与 A 完全对应。

干扰项：B 与"up 19.66 percent"相反（实为增长）；C 与"pan-ACG users numbered 526 million"相反（超 5 亿而非低于 5 亿）；D 与"Female buyers make up 54.1 percent"及 30 岁以下为主力相反（并非 40 岁以上驱动）。

Q2 答案：C

正确原因：推理题（★踮脚）。需整合 Para3 情感价值与身份机制（61.1% 因喜爱 IP 本身、88.6% 愿为限量款付溢价、resonate with a generation that spends on emotion）与 Para4 闭店潮并存：增长内核来自情绪与身份认同，而非单纯低价或补贴，对应 C。

干扰项：A "far cheaper" 全文无据（未比较价格）；B "government subsidy" 全文未提及；D "older replaced teenagers" 与用户结构（女性 54.1%、30 岁以下为主力）相反。

Q3 答案：B

正确原因：词义猜测题。Para3 "These objects resonate with a generation that spends on emotion rather than mere usefulness" 中 rather than 引出反向对照，说明 resonate 指"被某一群体感到有意义、受触动"，即引起共鸣、打动，锁定 B。

干扰项：A 定价虚高（无涉）；C 被仿制（无涉）；D 下架（语义相反，文中指受追捧而非撤柜）。

Q4 答案：D

正确原因：写作目的题。全文以定义谷子→艾媒数据→情感机制→闭店风险→IP授权展望展开，核心是"青年亚文化如何长成可观的情绪经济"，D 最概括。

干扰项：A 劝阻购买（与客观中立基调相反）；B 等同运动器材（未比较）；C 预测实体零售终结（夸大，文中仅说结构性分化）。

语篇分析

体裁：新闻报道（中国时事·青年消费文化·非科技），属新课标 I 卷 C 篇难度。

结构：定义谷子（现象）→ 艾媒数据（规模/用户）→ 情感机制（IP喜爱/溢价/用户结构）→ 闭店潮（结构性分化）→ 展望（IP授权/悦己常态化）。五段呈"现象—数据—机制—风险—展望"的递进。

主线：小徽章承载情感与身份，亚文化长成情绪经济。

长难句：Para3 "These objects resonate with a generation that spends on emotion rather than mere usefulness" 含 that 定语从句 + rather than 对照，是猜词题支点；Para4 "one label fell from 148 to 99 stores, another from 59 to 22, a third from 44 to 31" 为排比列举与省略结构，密集呈现闭店数据。

核心词汇（8–12 个，含派生词构词法）

词组 / 固定搭配

a phonetic borrowing from（由…音译而来）grow into（发展成；长成）command devotion（赢得追捧／ devotion）pay extra for（为…额外付费）by weight（按重量）from wild growth toward（从野蛮生长走向…）rest on（依赖于；建立在…上）

阅读知识点

1. 新闻报道的"数据群＋对比"支撑：高考 C 篇新闻常以一组对比数据（2024 168.9亿→2025 202.1亿增速、用户 5.26亿、用户结构女性54.1%）支撑"现象跃升"判断，读时应区分"规模值"与"增速值"，并留意 Para2 数据与 Para4 闭店数据的反差。

2. 猜词题的"功能对照"提示：Q3 中 resonate 后接 "spends on emotion rather than mere usefulness"，rather than 引出反向功能对照，可直接排除"定价/生产/下架"等异向干扰，锁定"引起共鸣/打动"。

Passage 2确认偏误：为什么我们总在寻找支持自己的证据

体裁：议论文（外刊 D 篇·社会心理/认知偏差）　词数：约 473　难度：★★★★（对标 D 篇高难）

原文（先做后看解析；仅真超纲词就近标注，其余请语境自猜）

Good thinkers like to believe they weigh evidence fairly before settling on a view. In practice, the mind works the other way around. Confirmation bias is the tendency to search for, interpret and recall information in a way that supports beliefs already held, while giving contrary evidence less attention and tougher scrutiny. Raymond Nickerson (1998) described it through three channels: biased search, biased interpretation and biased memory. The bias is not a sign of low intelligence — it appears even in people trying to be objective.

The first clean demonstration came from British psychologist Peter Wason in 1960. He showed participants the triple 2-4-6 and asked them to find the hidden rule by proposing new triples. The actual rule was simply "any three increasing numbers." Most guessed a narrower rule and offered triples that fit it, like 8-10-12, growing surer. Few tried a case that could break their idea, such as 3-7-9 or 1-2-100. Most proudly announced a wrong, too-tight rule. Just 6 of 29 reached the correct rule without first making a mistaken guess. Klayman and Ha (1987) later noted this is often a sensible "positive test" strategy; it backfires here because the true rule is far broader.

The three channels appear in daily life. In biased search, we pick news feeds and friends that agree with us, then treat the agreement as proof we are right. In biased interpretation, ambiguous data get read as favorable — a doctor who settles early on one diagnosis may order tests that confirm it rather than tests that could rule it out. In biased memory, confirming cases stick while dissenting ones fade. In a 1978 study, Snyder and Swann found that people tested for extraversion asked party questions, while those testing for introversion asked quiet ones; each set invited the answer it was built to find.

A 1979 study by Lord, Ross and Lepper captured the interpretive side. Supporters and opponents of capital punishment read the same two studies — one suggesting the death penalty deters crime, one suggesting it does not. After reading both, each side judged the agreeing study better conducted and left more entrenched; the gap widened. The pattern, called biased assimilation, has been replicated across topics from climate change to gun control.

Why does the bias bite hardest where we expect careful thought? Part of the answer is identity. Stanovich argues that "myside bias" — a view tied to one's group — is largely independent of cognitive ability. In 2017, Kahan showed that skilled partisans who read data correctly for skin cream misread the same numbers when they bore on gun control.

The fix is not mere awareness — people spot the bias in rivals while missing it in themselves. What helps is structural — "consider the opposite" lowers biased evaluation in experiments. The lesson is plain — test a belief by hunting for evidence that could disprove it.

题目（Q5–Q8）

1. What did Wason's 1960 "2-4-6" task demonstrate?A. People found the hidden rule by testing disconfirming triples.B. Most tested just confirming cases and so announced wrong, narrow rules.C. The task proved that smarter people avoid the bias.D. Participants preferred math puzzles to psychology studies.
2. What can be inferred from the Lord, Ross and Lepper (1979) study taken together with Wason's findings?A. The bias shapes how we seek and weigh evidence, not merely low intelligence.B. Mixed evidence reliably brings opponents to shared agreement.C. The error appears mainly among people with little schooling.D. A simple warning makes the bias disappear right away.
3. What is the author's attitude toward confirmation bias?A. Amused, treating it as a harmless personal quirk.B. Supportive, urging readers to trust their first impressions.C. Indifferent, claiming it rarely touches daily life.D. Analytical yet constructive, explaining the error and suggesting fixes.
4. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. How to Win Arguments with FriendsB. The Wason Card Puzzle: A Logic Game for StudentsC. Confirmation Bias: Why Minds Favor Familiar EvidenceD. The History of the Death Penalty in America

逐题解析

Q5 答案：B

正确原因：细节题。Para2 "Most guessed a narrower rule and offered triples that fit it…Most proudly announced a wrong, too-tight rule. Just 6 of 29 reached the correct rule without first making a mistaken guess" 说明多数人只测确认性例子、宣告过窄错误规则。

干扰项：A 与"Few tried a case that could break their idea"相反；C 与"not a sign of low intelligence"相反；D 无据（未比较学科偏好）。

Q6 答案：A

正确原因：推理题（★踮脚）。整合 Wason（只测确认例）与 Lord/Ross/Lepper（按已有立场解读证据，双方更笃信）及 Stanovich（偏差独立于智力）：确认偏误体现在"如何搜寻与权衡证据"，而非智力高低，对应 A。

干扰项：B 与"both left more entrenched / the gap widened"相反（并未趋同）；C "mainly among little schooling" 与"independent of cognitive ability"相反；D "warning makes it disappear" 与"not mere awareness"相反。

Q7 答案：D

正确原因：态度/观点题。全文先定义并举证偏差危害，末段给结构性纠偏（consider the opposite），基调为"分析但建设性"——既揭示错误也提供对策。

干扰项：A "harmless"、B "supportive"、C "indifferent" 均与全文揭示危害并给出对策的基调相反。

Q8 答案：C

正确原因：主旨题（最佳标题）。全文围绕"确认偏误：人为何偏好支持性证据"展开，C 概括最准且点明研究对象与核心机制。

干扰项：A 偏窄（仅为应用一面，且非教人"赢得争论"）；B 偏窄（Wason 任务仅为首例）；D 偏窄（死刑仅为论据）。

语篇分析

体裁：议论文/说明文（外刊社会心理·认知偏差），属新课标 I 卷 D 篇高难。

结构：定义（确认偏误＋三渠道）→ Wason 1960（2-4-6）→ 三渠道生活实例（含 Snyder & Swann 1978）→ Lord/Ross/Lepper 1979（同化偏差）→ 身份偏差/myside → 纠偏对策。六段呈"概念—实验—机制—应用—对策"的科普议论文框架。

主线：人倾向搜寻支持性证据；纠偏靠结构性"证伪"而非善意提醒。

长难句：Para5 "skilled partisans who read data correctly for skin cream misread the same numbers when they bore on gun control" 含 who 定语从句 + when 时间从句对比（护肤霜 vs 枪支管控），是身份保护性认知的最有力证据句；Para2 "Most guessed a narrower rule and offered triples that fit it…growing surer" 含 that 定语从句 + 现在分词伴随。

核心词汇（8–12 个，含派生词构词法）

词组 / 固定搭配

settle on（选定；确定）give…less attention（较少关注…）rule it out（排除它）read…as favorable（把…解读为有利）bear on（与…有关；影响）recruit…to（把…调动去…）hunt for（搜寻）

阅读知识点

1. 社科说明文的"经典实验＋机制"框架：D 篇社科常以 Wason 2-4-6（寻求确认）与 Lord/Ross/Lepper 1979（同化偏差）两组实验论证同一概念，读时应抓住每组"操作—观测—结论"，Q5 考单组结论、Q6 考跨实验共性（偏差体现在"如何搜寻与权衡证据"，而非智力高低）。

2. 态度题的"基调双判"：全文先定义/证伪，末段给结构性对策（consider the opposite），态度为"分析但建设性"——既揭示谬误也提供纠偏，对应 Q7 的 D；好标题须覆盖全文而非某一例证，体现"概括适度"原则（Q8）。