本资料精选2021—2026年高考英语阅读C篇共二十七篇，逐篇提炼四大核心内容：高频高级词、熟词生义、同义替换、句式解析。词汇部分标注音标与释义，熟词生义聚焦常见词在语境中的特殊含义，同义替换梳理题目与原文的对应表达，句式部分精选三个典型长难句，附语法分析与译文。全书按年份与卷别编排，保留原篇标题，题材涵盖科普、社会、文化、人物等领域，是提升阅读速度、积累写作句式、攻克长难句的实用精读材料。点击文末阅读原文可下载此文word版。
真题原文链接：27篇高考英语C篇阅读真题， 带你突破阅读难点
（一）2026年6月高考英语全国1卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
longstanding /ˌlɒŋˈstændɪŋ/ adj. 长期存在的initiative /ɪˈnɪʃətɪv/ n. 倡议，举措expand /ɪkˈspænd/ v. 扩大shade /ʃeɪd/ n. 阴凉处absorb /əbˈzɔːb/ v. 吸收airborne /ˈeəbɔːn/ adj. 空气传播的pollutant /pəˈluːtənt/ n. 污染物habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/ n. 栖息地account for 占（比例）majority /məˈdʒɒrəti/ n. 大多数substance /ˈsʌbstəns/ n. 物质harmless /ˈhɑːmləs/ adj. 无害的interact /ˌɪntərˈækt/ v. 相互作用nitrogen oxide 氮氧化物vehicle /ˈviːəkl/ n. 车辆ozone /ˈəʊzəʊn/ n. 臭氧breathing problem 呼吸问题institution /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃn/ n. 机构maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/ v. 维持species /ˈspiːʃiːz/ n. 物种pattern /ˈpætn/ n. 模式coauthor /kəʊˈɔːθə/ n. 合著者oblivious /əˈblɪviəs/ adj. 未意识到的release /rɪˈliːs/ v. 释放keystone species 关键物种native /ˈneɪtɪv/ adj. 本地的
熟词生义
account for：常见义“解释”，文中义“占（比例）”shade：常见义“阴影”，文中义“阴凉处”plain：常见义“平原”，文中义“just plain beauty 纯粹的美”enemy：常见义“敌人”，文中义“the enemy 对立面，祸害”keystone：常见义“拱顶石”，文中义“keystone species 关键物种”
同义替换
expand green spaces → increase green areas（扩大绿地）account for a majority → make up most（占大多数）harmless by itself → not harmful on its own（本身无害）interact rapidly with → react quickly with（快速反应）a major factor in → a main cause of（主要因素）make air quality worse → worsen air quality（使空气质量变差）not oblivious to → aware of（意识到）view... as the enemy → regard... as the opponent（视为敌人）rethink our car-centric lifestyle → reconsider our car-dependent way of life（反思以汽车为中心的生活方式）
句式解析
Oaks and sweetgums, which currently account for a majority of the city's trees, produce huge amounts of a chemical substance called isoprene.（which 非限制性定语从句 + 过去分词作后置定语）译文：橡树和枫香树目前占该市树木的大多数，它们产生大量一种名为异戊二烯的化学物质。
The research, carried out by scientists at the Columbia Climate School and other institutions, found that if the city maintains past species patterns in new plantings, isoprene production in Manhattan in coming decades will go up by about 140%.（过去分词作后置定语 + that 宾语从句 + if 条件状语从句）译文：这项由哥伦比亚气候学院及其他机构的科学家进行的研究发现，如果该市在新植树中维持过去的树种模式，未来几十年曼哈顿的异戊二烯产量将增加约140%。
We could plant any trees we want to, if we just rethink our car-centric lifestyle.（省略关系词的定语从句 + if 条件状语从句）译文：只要我们重新思考以汽车为中心的生活方式，我们可以种任何我们想要的树。
（二）2026年6月高考英语全国2卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
elevation /ˌelɪˈveɪʃn/ n. 海拔，高度readily /ˈredɪli/ adv. 容易地wearable /ˈweərəbl/ n. 可穿戴设备necessarily /ˌnesəˈserəli/ adv. 必然地relative /ˈrelətɪv/ adj. 相对的reference point 参照点express /ɪkˈspres/ v. 表达numerically /njuːˈmerɪkli/ adv. 用数字地essentially /ɪˈsenʃəli/ adv. 基本上unnoticed /ˌʌnˈnəʊtɪst/ adj. 未被注意的concept /ˈkɒnsept/ n. 概念ignore /ɪɡˈnɔː/ v. 忽视technically /ˈteknɪkli/ adv. 技术上determined /dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/ adj. 确定的assumption /əˈsʌmpʃn/ n. 假设appropriately /əˈprəʊpriətli/ adv. 恰当地take shape 成形hike /haɪk/ v. 徒步altimeter /ælˈtɪmɪtə/ n. 测高仪vary /ˈveəri/ v. 变化uncertainty /ʌnˈsɜːtnti/ n. 不确定性conceptual /kənˈseptʃuəl/ adj. 概念的crucial /ˈkruːʃl/ adj. 关键的mirror /ˈmɪrə/ v. 反映urgent /ˈɜːdʒənt/ adj. 紧迫的centimeter /ˈsentɪmiːtə/ n. 厘米
熟词生义
express：常见义“表达”，文中义“用数字表示”mirror：常见义“镜子”，文中义“反映”shape：常见义“形状”，文中义“take shape 成形”issue：常见义“问题”，文中义“the issue of sea-level rise 海平面上升问题”
同义替换
readily available → easily accessible（容易获得）necessarily relative → always dependent on something（必然是相对的）go essentially unnoticed → almost escape attention（基本上未被注意）a product of assumptions → a result of beliefs（假设的产物）took shape → was formed（成形）vary from one to the next → differ from each other（彼此不同）began my search → started my research（开始研究）only become more urgent → grow increasingly pressing（变得更加紧迫）
句式解析
But elevation is necessarily relative: only the choice of a reference point allows us to express numerically the height of an object or a location.（冒号解释 + only 置于句首的部分倒装 + allow sb. to do）译文：但海拔必然是相对的：只有选择一个参照点，我们才能用数字表达一个物体或地点的高度。
That the concept has a history is easily ignored.（that 引导主语从句 + 被动语态）译文：这一概念有其历史，这一点很容易被忽视。
Since I began thinking about this project in August 2011, the issue of sea-level rise and the need to place it historically have only become more urgent.（Since 时间状语从句 + 并列主语 + 现在完成时）译文：自从我在2011年8月开始思考这个项目以来，海平面上升问题以及将其置于历史背景中审视的必要性只会变得更加紧迫。
（三）2026年1月浙江省首考英语卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
word of mouth 口碑regard /rɪˈɡɑːd/ v. 视为valuable /ˈvæljuəbl/ adj. 有价值的marketing tool 营销工具consumer /kənˈsjuːmə/ n. 消费者fake /feɪk/ adj. 假的dataset /ˈdeɪtəset/ n. 数据集subject /ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/ n. 受试者balanced /ˈbælənst/ adj. 均衡的random order 随机顺序trust /trʌst/ v. 信任assume /əˈsjuːm/ v. 假定trick /trɪk/ v. 欺骗believability /bɪˌliːvəˈbɪləti/ n. 可信度detail /ˈdiːteɪl/ n. 细节convince /kənˈvɪns/ v. 使信服lengthy /ˈleŋθi/ adj. 冗长的suspicious /səˈspɪʃəs/ adj. 可疑的glowing /ˈɡləʊɪŋ/ adj. 高度赞扬的emotion /ɪˈməʊʃn/ n. 情感dispassionate /dɪsˈpæʃənət/ adj. 不带感情的take in 欺骗increasingly /ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli/ adv. 越来越algorithm /ˈælɡərɪðəm/ n. 算法weed out 清除spot /spɒt/ v. 辨别
熟词生义
subject：常见义“科目”，文中义“受试者”glowing：常见义“发光的”，文中义“高度赞扬的”take in：常见义“吸收”，文中义“欺骗”weed out：常见义“除草”，文中义“清除，剔除”spot：常见义“地点”，文中义“辨别”
同义替换
word of mouth → oral recommendation（口碑）fake → not genuine（假的）presented to subjects → shown to participants（呈现给受试者）trust negative reviews more → believe negative reviews more（更信任负面评论）get tricked → be deceived（被欺骗）length was important to believability → length affected credibility（长度影响可信度）tended to convince participants → were likely to persuade participants（往往能说服参与者）regarded as suspicious → seen as questionable（被视为可疑）weed out fake reviews → remove fake reviews（清除虚假评论）spot fake reviews → recognize fake reviews（辨别虚假评论）
句式解析
The problem is that a lot of the reviews are fake.（that 引导表语从句）译文：问题在于很多评论是假的。
When a negative review is fake, we get tricked.（When 时间状语从句 + 被动语态）译文：当一条负面评论是假的时，我们就会被骗。
The more dispassionate that negative write-up, the more likely it was to take the reader in.（the more...the more... 比较结构 + be likely to do + take in）译文：负面评论越是不带感情，就越有可能骗过读者。
（四）2025年6月高考英语全国1卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
safety improvement 安全改善transport study 交通研究decline /dɪˈklaɪn/ n. 下降pedestrian /pəˈdestriən/ n. 行人mobility /məʊˈbɪləti/ n. 出行，流动性traffic /ˈtræfɪk/ n. 交通pack /pæk/ v. 塞进rethink /ˌriːˈθɪŋk/ n. 反思transform /trænsˈfɔːm/ v. 改变role /rəʊl/ n. 作用neighbourhood /ˈneɪbəhʊd/ n. 社区destroy /dɪˈstrɔɪ/ v. 破坏make way for 为……让路road network 道路网络fight back 反击journalist /ˈdʒɜːnəlɪst/ n. 记者campaign /kæmˈpeɪn/ n. 运动destruction /dɪˈstrʌkʃn/ n. 破坏proposed /prəˈpəʊzd/ adj. 拟议的replacement /rɪˈpleɪsmənt/ n. 替代expressway /ɪkˈspresweɪ/ n. 高速公路mayor /ˈmeə/ n. 市长champion /ˈtʃæmpiən/ v. 捍卫decent /ˈdiːsnt/ adj. 体面的rush through 匆匆通过widespread /ˈwaɪdspred/ adj. 广泛的redesign /ˌriːdɪˈzaɪn/ v. 重新设计motor car 汽车car ownership 汽车拥有量invest /ɪnˈvest/ v. 投资account for 解释，说明recognise /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ v. 认识到
熟词生义
pack：常见义“打包”，文中义“塞进”champion：常见义“冠军”，文中义“捍卫，支持”rush through：常见义“匆匆通过”，文中义“匆忙通行”account for：常见义“解释”，文中义“考虑到，说明”invest：常见义“投资”，文中义“投入”
同义替换
declines in pedestrian mobility → fewer people walking（行人出行减少）pack them into the car → put them in the car（把他们塞进车里）call for a rethink → demand a reconsideration（呼吁反思）make way for → clear the way for（为……让路）fought back → resisted（反击）led a campaign → started a movement（发起运动）champion New York as a decent place to live → defend New York as a good place to live（捍卫纽约为宜居之地）completely redesigned → entirely restructured（完全重新设计）fail to account for → neglect to consider（未能考虑到）
句式解析
While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian mobility, especially among young children.（While 让步状语从句 + 现在完成时被动 + 并列谓语）译文：尽管近年来我们的街道可能已经进行了安全改进，但交通研究也表明行人出行在减少，尤其是幼儿。
Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park.（who 定语从句 + 不定式作后置定语）译文：最著名的是，一位在20世纪50年代初把家人搬到曼哈顿的加拿大记者发起了一场运动，阻止对她当地公园的破坏。
Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can't move safely around our communities?（what 宾语从句 + when 时间状语从句）译文：当孩子们无法在我们的社区中安全活动时，我们真的认识到这对我们社会意味着什么代价吗？
（五）2025年6月高考英语全国2卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
online shop 网店houseplant /ˈhaʊsplɑːnt/ n. 室内植物have high hopes for 对……抱有很大期望the opposite happened 相反的情况发生了flood /flʌd/ v. 淹没，大量涌来ship out 发货explosion /ɪkˈspləʊʒn/ n. 激增industry /ˈɪndəstri/ n. 行业in fashion 流行plant-rich /ˈplɑːnt rɪtʃ/ adj. 植物丰富的life satisfaction 生活满意度rating /ˈreɪtɪŋ/ n. 评级mood /muːd/ n. 情绪state of mind 心态cortisol /ˈkɔːtɪsɒl/ n. 皮质醇stress hormone 压力激素academically /ˌækəˈdemɪkli/ adv. 学业上productivity /ˌprɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/ n. 生产力translate into 转化为sick leave 病假beat oneself up 自责sustain /səˈsteɪn/ v. 维持tend to 照料patience /ˈpeɪʃns/ n. 耐心be invested in 投入于
熟词生义
flood：常见义“洪水”，文中义“大量涌来”explosion：常见义“爆炸”，文中义“激增”translate into：常见义“翻译成”，文中义“转化为”beat oneself up：常见义“痛打自己”，文中义“自责”tend to：常见义“倾向于”，文中义“照料”
同义替换
didn't have high hopes → was not very optimistic（没抱太大期望）the opposite happened → things turned out differently（情况相反）was flooded → received a huge number of orders（订单激增）explosion in the houseplant industry → rapid growth of the industry（行业激增）plants are in fashion → plants are popular（植物流行）report a higher life satisfaction rating → say they are more satisfied with life（生活满意度更高）decreasing our level of cortisol → lowering our stress hormone（降低压力激素）perform better academically → do better in school（学业表现更好）don't beat yourself up → don't blame yourself（不要自责）
句式解析
When Sonja Detrinidad opened her online shop selling houseplants, she didn't have high hopes for it.（When 时间状语从句 + 现在分词作后置定语）译文：当索尼娅·德特里尼达德开了一家卖室内植物的网店时，她并没有抱太大期望。
People who live in plant-rich environments report a higher life satisfaction rating.（who 定语从句 + 比较级）译文：生活在植物丰富环境中的人报告了更高的生活满意度。
Doctors practice medicine and lawyers practice law and you should allow yourself the practice it takes to sustain a plant.（并列句 + allow sb. sth. + 省略关系词的定语从句）译文：医生行医，律师执业，你应该允许自己经历养护植物所需的练习过程。
（六）2025年1月浙江省首考英语卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
novel /ˈnɒvl/ adj. 新颖的design approach 设计方法gardening /ˈɡɑːdnɪŋ/ n. 园艺gain in popularity 越来越受欢迎matrix planting 矩阵种植heavy lifting 繁重的工作eschew /ɪsˈtʃuː/ v. 避免fertilizer /ˈfɜːtəlaɪzə/ n. 化肥power tool 电动工具principle /ˈprɪnsəpl/ n. 原则reproducible /ˌriːprəˈdjuːsəbl/ adj. 可复制的minimal maintenance 最低限度的维护modularly /ˈmɒdjələli/ adv. 模块化地cultural needs 生长需求group /ɡruːp/ v. 分组cooperative ecosystem 合作生态系统conserve /kənˈsɜːv/ v. 节约discourage /dɪsˈkʌrɪdʒ/ v. 阻止weed /wiːd/ n. 杂草plantsman /ˈplɑːntsmən/ n. 园艺师popularize /ˈpɒpjələraɪz/ v. 推广artistic flavor 艺术韵味four-season interest 四季景观wildlife /ˈwaɪldlaɪf/ n. 野生动物sculpture /ˈskʌlptʃə/ n. 雕塑seed head 种穗appear wild 看起来野生carefully planned 精心规划match /mætʃ/ v. 匹配substantial /səbˈstænʃl/ adj. 巨大的input /ˈɪnpʊt/ n. 投入ecology /iˈkɒlədʒi/ n. 生态life support 生命维持divide /dɪˈvaɪd/ v. 分株stormwater runoff 雨水径流boost /buːst/ v. 促进biodiversity /ˌbaɪəʊdaɪˈvɜːsəti/ n. 生物多样性
熟词生义
heavy lifting：常见义“举重”，文中义“繁重的工作”cultural needs：常见义“文化需求”，文中义“生长需求”interest：常见义“兴趣”，文中义“four-season interest 四季景观”input：常见义“输入”，文中义“投入”life support：常见义“生命支持”，文中义“生命维持（施肥、浇水等）”
同义替换
gaining in popularity → becoming more popular（越来越受欢迎）aims for nature to do more → lets nature do more（让自然承担更多）eschewing fertilizers → avoiding fertilizers（避免化肥）minimal maintenance → little upkeep（最低维护）conserves water → saves water（节约水）discourages weeds → prevents weeds（抑制杂草）popularized this style → made this style popular（推广这种风格）appear wild → look natural（看起来野生）increase carbon absorption → absorb more carbon（增加碳吸收）boost habitat → improve habitat（改善栖息地）
句式解析
Referred to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden.（过去分词作状语 + aim for sb. to do）译文：这种被称为矩阵种植的方法，旨在让自然在花园中承担更多繁重的工作。
The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War II in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance.（when 时间状语从句 + 不定式作宾语 + that 定语从句）译文：这一概念诞生于二战后德国城市规划者寻求以可复制、低维护的方式种植大面积公园用地之时。
While matrix gardens appear wild, they are carefully planned, with cultural needs the first consideration.（While 让步状语从句 + 被动语态 + with 复合结构）译文：虽然矩阵花园看起来野生，但它们经过精心规划，以生长需求为首要考虑。
（七）2024年6月高考英语新1卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
comprehension /ˌkɒmprɪˈhenʃn/ n. 理解on screen 在屏幕上on paper 在纸上effective /ɪˈfektɪv/ adj. 有效的written word 书面文字factor /ˈfæktə/ n. 因素concentration /ˌkɒnsnˈtreɪʃn/ n. 注意力entertainment mindset 娱乐心态tendency /ˈtendənsi/ n. 倾向multitask /ˌmʌltiˈtɑːsk/ v. 多任务处理digital content 数字内容confirm /kənˈfɜːm/ v. 证实benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ n. 好处shine through 突显pose /pəʊz/ v. 提出identify /aɪˈdentɪfaɪ/ v. 识别mental abstraction 心理抽象draw inferences 推断property /ˈprɒpəti/ n. 特性literal /ˈlɪtərəl/ adj. 字面的visual geography 视觉布局distinct /dɪˈstɪŋkt/ adj. 不同的link /lɪŋk/ v. 联系propose /prəˈpəʊz/ v. 提出shallowing hypothesis 浅化假说approach /əˈprəʊtʃ/ v. 对待devote /dɪˈvəʊt/ v. 投入engaging /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒɪŋ/ adj. 吸引人的assign /əˈsaɪn/ v. 布置identical /aɪˈdentɪkl/ adj. 完全相同的psychologist /saɪˈkɒlədʒɪst/ n. 心理学家demonstrate /ˈdemənstreɪt/ v. 证明maximize /ˈmæksɪmaɪz/ v. 最大化reflection /rɪˈflekʃn/ n. 反思assume /əˈsjuːm/ v. 假定
熟词生义
shine through：常见义“透过……发光”，文中义“突显”pose：常见义“摆姿势”，文中义“提出”approach：常见义“接近”，文中义“对待”assign：常见义“分配”，文中义“布置”assume：常见义“假定”，文中义“认为”
同义替换
is comprehension the same → is understanding the same（理解是否相同）reduced concentration → less focus（注意力下降）entertainment mindset → a mindset for entertainment（娱乐心态）a tendency to multitask → often doing several things at once（多任务倾向）learning is more successful → learning works better（学习更有效）shine through → become more obvious（更明显）mental abstraction → abstract thinking（心理抽象）devote less mental effort → put in less mental effort（投入更少脑力）more engaging → more attractive（更吸引人）maximizing learning → getting the most out of learning（最大化学习效果）
句式解析
Is comprehension the same whether a person reads a text on screen or on paper?（whether 引导让步状语从句）译文：无论一个人是在屏幕上还是在纸上阅读文本，理解是否相同？
The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks to ones that require mental abstraction.（when 时间状语从句 + that 定语从句）译文：当实验者从提出简单任务转向需要心理抽象的任务时，纸质阅读的好处尤其突显。
However, for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn't assume all media are the same, even when they contain identical words.（for doing + where 定语从句 + 省略 that 的宾语从句 + even when 让步状语从句）译文：然而，为了在需要专注和反思的情况下最大化学习效果，教育者不应认为所有媒体都一样，即使它们包含完全相同的文字。
（八）2024年6月高考英语新2卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
fresh /freʃ/ adj. 新鲜的produce /ˈprɒdjuːs/ n. 农产品travel /ˈtrævl/ n. 运输farmer's market 农贸市场solid choice 可靠的选择shorten /ˈʃɔːtn/ v. 缩短indoor garden system 室内花园系统set up 建立audience /ˈɔːdiəns/ n. 受众innovative /ˈɪnəveɪtɪv/ adj. 创新的reliable /rɪˈlaɪəbl/ adj. 可靠的weekly supply 每周供应rely on 依赖connect through the Cloud 通过云连接remotely /rɪˈməʊtli/ adv. 远程地monitor /ˈmɒnɪtə/ v. 监测convenient /kənˈviːniənt/ adj. 方便的growing data 生长数据in real time 实时automated /ˈɔːtəmeɪtɪd/ adj. 自动化的significantly /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəntli/ adv. 显著地row /rəʊ/ n. 一排harvest /ˈhɑːvɪst/ n. 收获pre-seeded pod 预播种容器growth cycle 生长周期emission /ɪˈmɪʃn/ n. 排放transport /trænsˈpɔːt/ v. 运输pesticide /ˈpestɪsaɪd/ n. 杀虫剂chemical /ˈkemɪkl/ n. 化学物质sustainability /səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/ n. 可持续性recycling /ˌriːˈsaɪklɪŋ/ n. 回收利用waste reduction 减少废物single-use plastic 一次性塑料passionate /ˈpæʃənət/ adj. 热情的
熟词生义
produce：常见义“生产”，文中义“农产品”travel：常见义“旅行”，文中义“运输”audience：常见义“观众”，文中义“受众”row：常见义“排”，文中义“一排（土壤）”live out：常见义“活出”，文中义“践行”
同义替换
fresh is best → fresh food is the best choice（新鲜最好）went through weeks of travel → traveled for weeks（经过数周运输）shortens it even more → reduces the distance further（进一步缩短距离）requires little effort → needs little work（几乎不需要费力）relies on new technology → depends on new technology（依赖新技术）remotely monitored → watched from a distance（远程监控）significantly reduces water → greatly cuts water use（大幅减少用水）zero emissions → no emissions（零排放）live out sustainability → practice sustainability（践行可持续性）have a strong environmental awareness → care greatly about the environment（有强烈环保意识）
句式解析
While farmer's markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm shortens it even more.（While 让步状语从句 + 不定式作后置定语 + 比较级）译文：虽然农贸市场是缩短运输距离的可靠选择，但巴比伦微型农场将其缩短得更多。
Because the system is automated, it significantly reduces the amount of water needed to grow plants.（Because 原因状语从句 + 过去分词作后置定语）译文：由于该系统是自动化的，它显著减少了种植植物所需的水量。
Moreover, having a system in the same building where it's eaten means zero emissions from transporting plants from soil to salad.（动名词作主语 + where 定语从句 + from...to...）译文：此外，在食用同一栋楼里拥有一个系统，意味着从土壤到沙拉运输植物时零排放。
（九）2024年6月高考英语全国甲卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
accept /əkˈsept/ v. 接收the sick 病人government-sponsored 政府资助的medical train 医疗列车remote /rɪˈməʊt/ adj. 偏远的average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ adj. 平均的on board 在车上rural /ˈrʊərəl/ adj. 乡村的basic medical care 基本医疗X-ray scan X光扫描prescription /prɪˈskrɪpʃn/ n. 处方queue /kjuː/ v. 排队make an appointment 预约photographer /fəˈtɒɡrəfə/ n. 摄影师vast /vɑːst/ adj. 广阔的region /ˈriːdʒən/ n. 区域public health care 公共卫生服务modernization /ˌmɒdənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 现代化struggle /ˈstrʌɡl/ v. 努力come up with 想出measure /ˈmeʒə/ n. 措施address /əˈdres/ v. 解决particularly /pəˈtɪkjələli/ adv. 尤其arrange /əˈreɪndʒ/ v. 安排video chat 视频通话expand /ɪkˈspænd/ v. 扩大financial aid 财政援助motivate /ˈməʊtɪveɪt/ v. 激励practice medicine 行医annual /ˈænjuəl/ adj. 每年的refuel /ˌriːˈfjuːəl/ v. 补充燃料restock /ˌriːˈstɒk/ v. 补给checkup /ˈtʃekʌp/ n. 体检impressed /ɪmˈprest/ adj. 印象深刻的focused /ˈfəʊkəst/ adj. 专注的concerned /kənˈsɜːnd/ adj. 关切的treatment /ˈtriːtmənt/ n. 治疗
熟词生义
practice：常见义“练习”，文中义“practice medicine 行医”address：常见义“地址”，文中义“解决”measure：常见义“测量”，文中义“措施”the sick：常见义“生病的”，文中义“the + 形容词 = 病人”arrange：常见义“安排”，文中义“安排（预约）”
同义替换
doesn't accept passengers → only takes patients（不接收乘客）travel to remote towns → go to faraway towns（前往偏远城镇）provide rural populations with basic medical care → offer basic health care to rural people（为农村人口提供基本医疗）in serious need of modernization → badly in need of updating（亟需现代化）struggled to come up with measures → tried hard to find ways（努力想出办法）motivate doctors to practice medicine → encourage doctors to work（激励医生行医）another attempt to improve the situation → another effort to make things better（改善现状的又一尝试）staying focused and very concerned → remaining attentive and caring（保持专注和关切）
句式解析
The Saint Lukas train doesn't accept passengers—it accepts only the sick.（破折号解释 + only 强调）译文：圣卢卡斯列车不接收乘客——它只接收病人。
The government has struggled to come up with measures to address the problem, particularly in the poorer, rural areas east of the Volga River.（struggle to do + 不定式作目的状语 + particularly 强调）译文：政府一直在努力想出解决这一问题的措施，尤其是在伏尔加河以东较贫困的农村地区。
For 10 months every year, the train stops at about eight stations over two weeks, before returning to the regional capital to refuel and restock.（before + 动名词 + 不定式作目的状语）译文：每年有10个月，列车在两周内停靠大约八个站点，然后返回地区首府补充燃料和物资。
（十）2024年1月浙江省首考英语卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
costliest /ˈkɒstliɪst/ adj. 代价最高的hailstorm /ˈheɪlstɔːm/ n. 冰雹suburb /ˈsʌbɜːb/ n. 郊区insurance company 保险公司suppression /səˈpreʃn/ n. 抑制seed /siːd/ v. 播撒threatening /ˈθretnɪŋ/ adj. 有威胁的storm cell 风暴云团ice crystal 冰晶hailstone /ˈheɪlstəʊn/ n. 冰雹downwind /ˌdaʊnˈwɪnd/ adv. 顺风地precious /ˈpreʃəs/ adj. 珍贵的moisture /ˈmɔɪstʃə/ n. 水分cloud seeding 播云address /əˈdres/ v. 向……讲话provincial /prəˈvɪnʃl/ adj. 省的urban area 城市地区drought /draʊt/ n. 干旱cloud physicist 云物理学家affect /əˈfekt/ v. 影响percentage /pəˈsentɪdʒ/ n. 百分比drought /draʊt/ n. 干旱doubter /ˈdaʊtə/ n. 怀疑者tornado /tɔːˈneɪdəʊ/ n. 龙卷风killer storm 致命风暴lack /læk/ n. 缺乏scientific proof 科学证据lawsuit /ˈlɔːsuːt/ n. 诉讼climate engineering 气候工程proceed /prəˈsiːd/ v. 继续进行legal safety 法律安全
熟词生义
seed：常见义“种子”，文中义“播撒”address：常见义“地址”，文中义“向……讲话”practice：常见义“练习”，文中义“in practice 实际上”proceed：常见义“前进”，文中义“继续进行”lack：常见义“缺乏”，文中义“due to the lack of 由于缺乏”
同义替换
costliest hailstorm → most expensive hailstorm（代价最高的冰雹）spent about $2 million per year → paid around $2 million annually（每年花费约200万美元）seed threatening storm cells → spread chemicals into threatening clouds（向威胁性云团播撒）make small ice crystals fall as rain → turn small ice crystals into rain（使小冰晶变成雨）worry that moisture is being stolen → fear that water is being taken away（担心水分被夺走）cannot be causing drought → cannot lead to drought（不可能导致干旱）one doubter about the safety → someone who questions the safety（怀疑安全性的人）the seeding goes on → cloud seeding continues（播云继续进行）proceed in relative legal safety → continue with little legal risk（在法律相对安全下继续）
句式解析
As a result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail Suppression Project.（As a result + since 时间状语 + 现在完成时）译文：因此，自1996年以来，一群保险公司每年在阿尔伯塔冰雹抑制项目上花费约200万美元。
But farmers in east-central Alberta—downwind of the hail project flights—worry that precious moisture is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.（破折号插入 + that 宾语从句 + 现在进行时被动）译文：但阿尔伯塔中东部的农民——位于冰雹项目飞行航线的下风处——担心珍贵的水分正被播云从他们干旱的土地上夺走。
Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies.（Due to + 现在完成时 + succeed in doing）译文：由于缺乏关于其影响的科学证据，没有人成功赢得对播云公司的诉讼。
（十一）2023年6月高考英语新1卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
make the case for 为……辩护digital minimalism 数字极简主义detailed /ˈdiːteɪld/ adj. 详细的exploration /ˌekspləˈreɪʃn/ n. 探索adopt /əˈdɒpt/ v. 采用philosophy /fəˈlɒsəfi/ n. 理念divide /dɪˈvaɪd/ v. 分成philosophical /ˌfɪləˈsɒfɪkl/ adj. 哲学的foundation /faʊnˈdeɪʃn/ n. 基础examination /ɪɡˌzæmɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 审视intolerable /ɪnˈtɒlərəbl/ adj. 难以忍受的detailed discussion 详细讨论conclude /kənˈkluːd/ v. 结束declutter /ˌdiːˈklʌtə/ n. 清理step away from 远离optional /ˈɒpʃənl/ adj. 可选的carefully chosen 精心挑选的massive benefit 巨大好处value /ˈvæljuː/ v. 重视guide /ɡaɪd/ v. 指导carry out 执行draw on 借鉴participant /pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt/ n. 参与者strategy /ˈstrætədʒi/ n. 策略trap /træp/ n. 陷阱encounter /ɪnˈkaʊntə/ v. 遇到cultivate /ˈkʌltɪveɪt/ v. 培养sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbl/ adj. 可持续的solitude /ˈsɒlɪtjuːd/ n. 独处necessity /nəˈsesəti/ n. 必要性high-quality leisure 高质量休闲mindless /ˈmaɪndləs/ adj. 无脑的device use 设备使用practice /ˈpræktɪs/ n. 实践toolbox /ˈtuːlbɒks/ n. 工具箱circumstance /ˈsɜːkəmstəns/ n. 情况
熟词生义
make the case for：常见义“为……做箱子”，文中义“为……辩护”divide：常见义“分开”，文中义“分成”draw on：常见义“画在……上”，文中义“借鉴”trap：常见义“陷阱”，文中义“陷阱（误区）”practice：常见义“练习”，文中义“实践”
同义替换
make the case for → argue for（为……辩护）digital minimalism → a simple digital lifestyle（数字极简主义）detailed exploration → thorough study（详细探索）adopt this philosophy → take up this way of life（采用这一理念）increasingly intolerable → more and more unbearable（越来越难以忍受）step away from optional online activities → stop using non-essential online services（远离非必要线上活动）add back a small number of carefully chosen activities → return to a few selected activities（恢复少量精选活动）what strategies worked well → which methods were effective（哪些策略有效）cultivate a sustainable lifestyle → develop a lasting way of life（培养可持续生活方式）works for your particular circumstances → fits your own situation（适合你的具体情况）
句式解析
The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism, including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works.（不定式作表语 + including + what 和 why 并列宾语从句）译文：本书的目标是为数字极简主义辩护，包括详细探索它要求什么以及为什么有效。
This process requires you to step away from optional online activities for thirty days.（require sb. to do + step away from）译文：这一过程要求你远离非必要的线上活动三十天。
You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.（view...as... + 过去分词作后置定语 + that 定语从句）译文：你可以把这些实践看作一个工具箱，旨在帮助你努力建立适合你具体情况极简生活方式。
（十二）2023年6月高考英语新2卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
celebration /ˌselɪˈbreɪʃn/ n. 颂扬everyday object 日常物品represent /ˌreprɪˈzent/ v. 表现artwork /ˈɑːtwɜːk/ n. 艺术品image /ˈɪmɪdʒ/ n. 形象throughout history 纵观历史come into being 产生representation /ˌreprɪzenˈteɪʃn/ n. 表现shared humanity 共同人性go beyond 超越era /ˈɪərə/ n. 时代scene /siːn/ n. 场景focus /ˈfəʊkəs/ n. 焦点generation /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/ n. 一代人portray /pɔːˈtreɪ/ v. 描绘absorbed /əbˈzɔːbd/ adj. 全神贯注的volume /ˈvɒljuːm/ n. 书卷deep in thought 沉思lost in leisure 沉浸在闲暇中record /rɪˈkɔːd/ v. 记录relate to 理解，产生共鸣symbolically /sɪmˈbɒlɪkli/ adv. 象征性地demonstrate /ˈdemənstreɪt/ v. 展示intellect /ˈɪntəlekt/ n. 才智faith /feɪθ/ n. 信仰printing press 印刷机treasured /ˈtreʒəd/ adj. 珍贵的in their own right 本身throwaway /ˈθrəʊəweɪ/ adj. 一次性丢弃的raw material 原材料transform /trænsˈfɔːm/ v. 转变volume /ˈvɒljuːm/ n. 卷册outdated /ˌaʊtˈdeɪtɪd/ adj. 过时的interactive /ˌɪntərˈæktɪv/ adj. 互动的battery-powered 电池供电的e-reader 电子阅读器activate /ˈæktɪveɪt/ v. 激活part /pɑːt/ v. 分开review /rɪˈvjuː/ v. 查看underline /ˌʌndəˈlaɪn/ v. 画线networked /ˈnetwɜːkt/ adj. 联网的monitor /ˈmɒnɪtə/ v. 监控track /træk/ v. 追踪private /ˈpraɪvət/ adj. 私密的off-line 离线的
熟词生义
volume：常见义“音量”，文中义“书卷”part：常见义“部分”，文中义“分开”review：常见义“复习”，文中义“查看”track：常见义“轨道”，文中义“追踪”in their own right：常见义“凭自身的权利”，文中义“本身”
同义替换
a celebration of → a tribute to（颂扬）everyday object → common item（日常物品）came into being → appeared（产生）go beyond culture and time → transcend culture and time（超越文化和时间）emphasizes these connections → highlights these links（强调这些联系）record moments we can all relate to → capture moments we can all understand（记录我们都能理解的时刻）used symbolically → used as symbols（象征性地使用）become inexpensive or even throwaway → become cheap or disposable（变得便宜甚至一次性）make the printed page outdated → make print out of date（使纸质书过时）offers the chance of a wholly private activity → provides an opportunity for a completely private experience（提供完全私密体验的机会）
句式解析
Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.（同位语 + 过去分词作后置定语）译文：《阅读艺术：献给爱书人的艺术》是对一种日常物品——书——的颂扬，这里通过来自世界各地博物馆的近三百件艺术品来表现。
In this "book of books," artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures.（被动语态 + in a way that 定语从句）译文：在这本“书中之书”里，艺术品的挑选和编排方式强调了不同时代和文化之间的这些联系。
In contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked, a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private, "off-line" activity.（In contrast to + where 定语从句 + 省略关系词的定语从句 + 被动语态）译文：与我们日益联网的生活——其中我们消费的信息被监控和追踪——相比，纸质书仍然提供了完全私密、“离线”活动的机会。
（十三）2023年6月高考英语全国甲卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
philosophy /fəˈlɒsəfi/ n. 哲学last /lɑːst/ v. 持续kill /kɪl/ v. 扼杀explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ v. 解释reawaken /ˌriːəˈweɪkən/ v. 重新唤起invitation /ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃn/ n. 邀请experience /ɪkˈspɪəriəns/ v. 体验frame /freɪm/ v. 构建context /ˈkɒntekst/ n. 背景end result 最终结果wonder /ˈwʌndə/ v. 思考regret /rɪˈɡret/ n. 遗憾improve a life 改善生活appealing /əˈpiːlɪŋ/ adj. 有吸引力的exercise /ˈeksəsaɪz/ n. 练习quality /ˈkwɒləti/ n. 质量humor /ˈhjuːmə/ n. 幽默enter into conversation with 与……对话decode /ˌdiːˈkəʊd/ v. 解读interpretation /ɪnˌtɜːprɪˈteɪʃn/ n. 解读sharp /ʃɑːp/ adj. 犀利的draw in 吸引apparent simplicity 表面简单gradually /ˈɡrædʒuəli/ adv. 逐渐地desire /dɪˈzaɪə/ n. 欲望loneliness /ˈləʊnlinəs/ n. 孤独aging /ˈeɪdʒɪŋ/ n. 衰老encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ v. 鼓励worth /wɜːθ/ adj. 值得的
熟词生义
last：常见义“最后的”，文中义“持续”kill：常见义“杀死”，文中义“扼杀”frame：常见义“框架”，文中义“构建”sharp：常见义“锋利的”，文中义“犀利的”draw in：常见义“画入”，文中义“吸引”
同义替换
spent the summer with my head in and out of that book → read the book repeatedly all summer（整个夏天反复读那本书）nothing kills the love for philosophy faster → nothing destroys the love for philosophy more quickly（没有什么比这更快扼杀对哲学的热爱）reawakened my love → brought back my love（重新唤起我的热爱）an invitation to think → a call to think（思考的邀请）frames each philosopher's work → puts each philosopher's work in context（构建每位哲学家的作品背景）improve a life → make life better（改善生活）with plenty of humor → with a lot of humor（充满幽默）draws readers in → attracts readers（吸引读者）gradually pulls them in deeper thoughts → slowly leads them to deeper thinking（逐渐引向更深的思考）it's worth your time → it deserves your time（值得你花时间）
句式解析
It was full of ideas that were new to me, so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book.（that 定语从句 + so 结果 + with 复合结构）译文：它充满了对我来说全新的思想，所以我整个夏天都在反复读那本书。
The end result is a read in which we learn to wonder like Socrates, see like Thoreau, listen like Schopenhauer, and have no regrets like Nietzsche.（in which 定语从句 + 四个并列不定式）译文：最终结果是一本读物，在其中我们学会像苏格拉底一样思考，像梭罗一样观察，像叔本华一样倾听，像尼采一样无怨无悔。
This, more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.（插入语 + 动名词作介词宾语）译文：这与其说是一本关于理解哲学的书，不如说是一本关于学会用哲学改善生活的书。
（十四）2023年6月高考英语全国乙卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
come into one's mind 进入脑海British food 英国菜fish and chips 炸鱼薯条Sunday dinner 周日大餐uninteresting /ʌnˈɪntrəstɪŋ/ adj. 无趣的reputation /ˌrepjuˈteɪʃn/ n. 名声less-than-impressive 不太出色的cuisine /kwɪˈziːn/ n. 烹饪top class chef 顶级厨师recipe book 食谱书best seller list 畅销书榜thanks to 由于advertising campaign 广告活动turn away from 远离ready-made meal 即食餐adventurous /ədˈventʃərəs/ adj. 爱冒险的cooking habit 烹饪习惯stick to 坚持traditional diet 传统饮食consumer /kənˈsjuːmə/ n. 消费者improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ v. 改善apply for 申请food course 食品课程market analyst 市场分析师cookery programme 烹饪节目encourage /ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ/ v. 鼓励variety /vəˈraɪəti/ n. 种类ingredient /ɪnˈɡriːdiənt/ n. 配料quality /ˈkwɒləti/ n. 质量confident /ˈkɒnfɪdənt/ adj. 自信的expand /ɪkˈspænd/ v. 扩展obsession /əbˈseʃn/ n. 痴迷reflect /rɪˈflekt/ v. 反映television scheduling 电视节目编排documentary /ˌdɒkjuˈmentri/ n. 纪录片broadcast /ˈbrɔːdkɑːst/ v. 播出male chef 男厨师uncool /ˌʌnˈkuːl/ adj. 不酷的
熟词生义
plain：常见义“平原”，文中义“simple and plain 简单朴素的”obsession：常见义“痴迷”，文中义“痴迷（对食物的热爱）”reflect：常见义“反思”，文中义“反映”scheduling：常见义“日程安排”，文中义“节目编排”uncool：常见义“不酷的”，文中义“不再不酷”
同义替换
less-than-impressive cuisine → not very good food（不太出色的烹饪）top the best seller lists → be at the top of the best-seller lists（位居畅销书榜首）turning away from → moving away from（远离）become more adventurous → become more willing to try new things（变得更爱尝试）sticking to a traditional diet → keeping a traditional diet（坚持传统饮食）a rise in the number of students applying → more students applying（申请人数增加）has encouraged them to try different food → has made them want to try different food（鼓励他们尝试不同食物）use a wider variety of ingredients → use more kinds of ingredients（使用更多种类配料）made them much more confident → made them much more sure of themselves（使他们更自信）it's no longer "uncool" → it's no longer considered embarrassing（不再被认为不酷）
句式解析
It's thanks to these TV chefs rather than any advertising campaign that Britons are turning away from meat-and-two-veg and ready-made meals and becoming more adventurous in their cooking habits.（强调句 + rather than + 并列谓语）译文：正是由于这些电视厨师，而不是任何广告活动，英国人才开始远离一肉两菜和即食餐，在烹饪习惯上变得更爱尝试。
According to a new study from market analysts, 1 in 5 Britons say that watching cookery programmes on TV has encouraged them to try different food.（According to + that 宾语从句）译文：根据市场分析师的一项新研究，五分之一的英国人表示，观看电视烹饪节目鼓励他们尝试不同的食物。
With an increasing number of male chefs on TV, it's no longer "uncool" for boys to like cooking.（With 复合结构 + 形式主语 it + 不定式作真正主语）译文：随着电视上男性厨师越来越多，男孩喜欢烹饪不再“不酷”。
（十五）2023年1月浙江省首考英语卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
machine /məˈʃiːn/ n. 机器outperform /ˌaʊtpəˈfɔːm/ v. 表现优于debate /dɪˈbeɪt/ n. 辩论software program 软件程序opponent /əˈpəʊnənt/ n. 对手national debating champion 全国辩论冠军brilliant /ˈbrɪliənt/ adj. 出色的weakness /ˈwiːknəs/ n. 弱点library /ˈlaɪbrəri/ n. 库prebuilt /ˌpriːˈbɪlt/ adj. 预设的string together 串在一起error /ˈerə/ n. 错误wrinkle /ˈrɪŋkl/ n. 瑕疵iron out 消除fundamental problem 根本问题electrical engineering 电气工程computer science 计算机科学refer to 指的是meaning /ˈmiːnɪŋ/ n. 意义central /ˈsentrəl/ adj. 核心的distinguish /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/ v. 区分symbol /ˈsɪmbl/ n. 符号specify /ˈspesɪfaɪ/ v. 具体说明transform /trænsˈfɔːm/ v. 转换irrelevant /ɪˈreləvənt/ adj. 不相关的communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ v. 交流arrange /əˈreɪndʒ/ v. 排列emerge /ɪˈmɜːdʒ/ v. 产生social interaction 社会互动computation /ˌkɒmpjuˈteɪʃn/ n. 计算shape /ʃeɪp/ v. 塑造assign /əˈsaɪn/ v. 赋予social convention 社会习俗social relation 社会关系distinguish A from B 区分A与Bastonishing /əˈstɒnɪʃɪŋ/ adj. 惊人的tradition /trəˈdɪʃn/ n. 传统artificial intelligence 人工智能
熟词生义
wrinkle：常见义“皱纹”，文中义“瑕疵，问题”iron out：常见义“熨平”，文中义“消除”refer to：常见义“提到”，文中义“指的是”shape：常见义“形状”，文中义“塑造”assign：常见义“分配”，文中义“赋予”
同义替换
can outperform you in debate → can do better than you in debate（在辩论中胜过你）beat its human opponents → defeat its human rivals（击败人类对手）brilliant though it is → although it is very clever（尽管它很出色）takes sentences from its library → uses sentences from its database（从库中取句子）errors no human would make → mistakes humans would never make（人类不会犯的错误）will no doubt be ironed out → will certainly be fixed（无疑会被消除）knows what it's talking about → understands what it is saying（知道自己在说什么）meaning is irrelevant → meaning does not matter（意义无关紧要）meaning emerges through social interaction → meaning comes from social interaction（意义产生于社会互动）distinguishes humans from machines → sets humans apart from machines（区分人类与机器）
句式解析
Last week, in a public debate in San Francisco, a software program called Project Debater beat its human opponents, including Noa Ovadia, Israel's former national debating champion.（过去分词作后置定语 + including 举例）译文：上周，在旧金山的一场公开辩论中，一个名为“辩论者项目”的软件程序击败了它的人类对手，包括以色列前全国辩论冠军诺亚·奥瓦迪亚。
Brilliant though it is, Project Debater has some weaknesses.（as/though 引导让步状语从句的倒装）译文：尽管“辩论者项目”很出色，但它也有一些弱点。
It is this that distinguishes humans from machines.（强调句 + distinguish A from B）译文：正是这一点将人类与机器区分开来。
（十六）2022年6月高考英语新1卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
elderly /ˈeldəli/ adj. 年老的resident /ˈrezɪdənt/ n. 居民care home 养老院hen /hen/ n. 母鸡look after 照顾lonely /ˈləʊnli/ adj. 孤独的dream up 构想出charity /ˈtʃærəti/ n. 慈善组织loneliness /ˈləʊnlinəs/ n. 孤独wellbeing /ˌwelˈbiːɪŋ/ n. 幸福dementia /dɪˈmenʃə/ n. 失智症staff /stɑːf/ n. 员工reduction /rɪˈdʌkʃn/ n. 减少medicine /ˈmedsn/ n. 药物take part in 参加wheelchair /ˈwiːltʃeə/ n. 轮椅focus /ˈfəʊkəs/ n. 焦点creative activity 创造性活动financial support 财政支持roll out 推广countrywide /ˌkʌntriˈwaɪd/ adv. 全国范围地extra care manager 特护经理embark on 开始welcome /ˈwelkəm/ v. 欢迎session /ˈseʃn/ n. 活动时段look forward to 期待benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/ n. 好处director /dəˈrektə/ n. 主任shared interest 共同兴趣
熟词生义
dream up：常见义“做梦”，文中义“构想出”roll out：常见义“滚出”，文中义“推广”embark on：常见义“上船”，文中义“开始”welcome：常见义“欢迎”，文中义“欢迎（接受）”focus：常见义“专注”，文中义“焦点”
同义替换
the elderly residents → old people living there（年老的居民）being given hens to look after → being asked to care for hens（被给予母鸡照料）to stop them feeling lonely → to prevent loneliness（防止孤独）reduce loneliness → ease loneliness（减少孤独）improve elderly people's wellbeing → make old people happier and healthier（改善老年人福祉）a reduction in the use of medicine → less use of medicine（减少用药）taking part in the project → joining the project（参加项目）roll it out countrywide → spread it across the country（全国推广）welcome the idea → like the idea（欢迎这个想法）connect our residents through a shared interest → link our residents through a common interest（通过共同兴趣联系居民）
句式解析
The project was dreamed up by a local charity to reduce loneliness and improve elderly people's wellbeing.（被动语态 + 不定式作目的状语）译文：该项目由一家当地慈善组织构想出来，旨在减少孤独并改善老年人的福祉。
Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use.（现在完成时 + where 定语从句）译文：养老院的工作人员报告称，在使用母鸡的地方，药物的使用减少了。
It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.（help do + through 介词短语）译文：它将真正有助于通过共同兴趣和创造性活动把我们的居民联系起来。
（十七）2022年6月高考英语新2卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
ban /bæn/ v. 禁止text /tekst/ v. 发短信driver /ˈdraɪvə/ n. 司机public service campaign 公共服务宣传活动persuade /pəˈsweɪd/ v. 说服put down 放下behind the wheel 在驾驶measure /ˈmeʒə/ n. 衡量标准appear to be getting worse 似乎越来越糟social network 社交网络road accident 交通事故fall /fɔːl/ v. 下降rise sharply 急剧上升distracted /dɪˈstræktɪd/ adj. 分心的administration /ədˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃn/ n. 管理局refer to 指的是road safety 道路安全distinctly /dɪˈstɪŋktli/ adv. 明显地lawmaker /ˈlɔːmeɪkə/ n. 立法者public health expert 公共卫生专家reach back to 追溯到treat A like B 把A当作B对待drunk driving 醉驾device /dɪˈvaɪs/ n. 设备scene /siːn/ n. 现场crash /kræʃ/ n. 撞车事故operating system 操作系统recent activity 近期活动determine /dɪˈtɜːmɪn/ v. 判断hands-free driving law 免提驾驶法on the books 载入法律push for 推动bill /bɪl/ n. 法案become law 成为法律afraid /əˈfreɪd/ adj. 害怕的
熟词生义
text：常见义“文本”，文中义“发短信”put down：常见义“放下”，文中义“放下（手机）”measure：常见义“测量”，文中义“衡量标准”treat A like B：常见义“对待”，文中义“把A当作B对待”on the books：常见义“在书上”，文中义“载入法律”
同义替换
most states have banned texting by drivers → most states have made it illegal for drivers to text（大多数州禁止司机发短信）persuade people to put down their phones → convince people to stop using phones（说服人们放下手机）the problem appears to be getting worse → the situation seems to be worsening（问题似乎越来越糟）distracted driving was only increasing → distracted driving was only getting worse（分心驾驶只增不减）treat distracted driving like drunk driving → deal with distracted driving as drunk driving（把分心驾驶当作醉驾处理）check in the operating system for recent activity → examine the system for recent use（检查系统近期活动）determine whether a driver had just texted → find out if a driver had just sent a text（判断司机是否刚发短信）something on the books → a law（法律）people are going to be more afraid → people will be more frightened（人们会更害怕）
句式解析
Road accidents, which had fallen for years, are now rising sharply.（which 非限制性定语从句 + 现在进行时）译文：多年来一直在下降的道路交通事故，现在正在急剧上升。
An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the operating system for recent activity.（现在分词作后置定语 + 并列谓语 + 不定式作目的状语）译文：到达撞车现场的警官可以要求查看司机的手机，并使用“文本分析仪”检查操作系统中的近期活动。
If the Textalyzer bill becomes law, people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.（if 条件状语从句 + be afraid to do）译文：如果“文本分析仪”法案成为法律，人们将会更害怕把手放在手机上。
（十八）2022年6月高考英语全国甲卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
Antarctica /ænˈtɑːktɪkə/ n. 南极洲greet /ɡriːt/ v. 迎接Gentoo penguin 巴布亚企鹅long to do 渴望做gatekeeper /ˈɡeɪtkiːpə/ n. 守门人kick-start /ˈkɪk stɑːt/ v. 开启childhood /ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/ n. 童年career /kəˈrɪə/ n. 职业professional dancer 职业舞者tour /tʊə/ v. 巡演long to explore 渴望探索retire /rɪˈtaɪə/ v. 退休fly the nest 离家独立take the plunge 下定决心degree /dɪˈɡriː/ n. 学位Related Arts 相关艺术eventually /ɪˈventʃuəli/ adv. 最终last-minute /ˌlɑːst ˈmɪnɪt/ adj. 最后一刻的deal /diːl/ n. 交易island /ˈaɪlənd/ n. 岛屿southernmost /ˈsʌðənməʊst/ adj. 最南端的mainland /ˈmeɪnlænd/ n. 大陆nervous /ˈnɜːvəs/ adj. 紧张的board /bɔːd/ v. 登船passenger /ˈpæsɪndʒə/ n. 乘客witness /ˈwɪtnəs/ v. 见证sunrise /ˈsʌnraɪz/ n. 日出amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ adj. 令人惊叹的impression /ɪmˈpreʃn/ n. 印象humpback whale 座头鲸prehistoric /ˌpriːhɪˈstɒrɪk/ adj. 史前的creature /ˈkriːtʃə/ n. 生物operatic /ˌɒpəˈrætɪk/ adj. 歌剧般的precious /ˈpreʃəs/ adj. 珍贵的respect /rɪˈspekt/ v. 尊重hit home 触动人心
熟词生义
tour：常见义“旅行”，文中义“巡演”fly the nest：常见义“飞离巢穴”，文中义“离家独立”take the plunge：常见义“跳水”，文中义“下定决心”deal：常见义“交易”，文中义“廉价交易”hit home：常见义“击中要害”，文中义“触动人心”
同义替换
she found herself greeted by → she was welcomed by（她发现自己受到迎接）longing to say hello → eager to greet her（渴望打招呼）kick-started what was to be a trip → began a trip that would be（开启了一次旅行）had a deep love for travel → loved traveling very much（热爱旅行）longed to explore further → wanted to explore more（渴望探索更多）decided it was time to take the plunge → decided to take the risk（决定冒险一试）discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals → found she could get cheap tickets at the last minute（发现能买到最后一刻的便宜票）left an impression on me → impressed me deeply（给我留下深刻印象）to be respected by humans → that humans should respect（应受人类尊重）was one of the biggest things that hit home → was one of the most touching realizations（最触动人心的感悟之一）
句式解析
As Ginni Bazlinton reached Antarctica, she found herself greeted by a group of little Gentoo penguins longing to say hello.（As 时间状语从句 + find oneself done + 现在分词作后置定语）译文：当吉妮·巴兹林顿抵达南极洲时，她发现自己受到一群渴望打招呼的小巴布亚企鹅的迎接。
And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego.（强调句 + 省略 that 的宾语从句 + 现在分词作后置定语）译文：正是在智利，她发现可以从火地岛附近的岛屿买到前往南极洲的最后一刻廉价船票。
The realization that this is a precious land, to be respected by humans, was one of the biggest things that hit home to Ginni.（that 同位语从句 + 不定式作后置定语 + that 定语从句）译文：认识到这是一片珍贵的土地、应受人类尊重，是触动吉妮最深的事情之一。
（十九）2022年6月高考英语全国乙卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
drone /drəʊn/ n. 无人机guarantee /ˌɡærənˈtiː/ v. 保证reliability /rɪˌlaɪəˈbɪləti/ n. 可靠性railway /ˈreɪlweɪ/ n. 铁路operator /ˈɒpəreɪtə/ n. 运营商euro /ˈjʊərəʊ/ n. 欧元eyes in the sky 空中之眼rail track 铁轨infrastructure /ˈɪnfrəstrʌktʃə/ n. 基础设施on a 24/7 basis 全天候high-tension electrical line 高压电线precisely /prɪˈsaɪsli/ adv. 精确地inspect /ɪnˈspekt/ v. 检查vital /ˈvaɪtl/ adj. 至关重要的switching point 道岔regularly /ˈreɡjələli/ adv. 定期地on-time performance 准点率efficient /ɪˈfɪʃnt/ adj. 高效的across the board 全面maintenance /ˈmeɪntənəns/ n. 维护personnel /ˌpɜːsəˈnel/ n. 人员approximately /əˈprɒksɪmətli/ adv. 大约detect /dɪˈtekt/ v. 检测fault /fɔːlt/ n. 故障overhead /ˌəʊvəˈhed/ adv. 在头顶上方concept /ˈkɒnsept/ n. 概念autonomously /ɔːˈtɒnəməsli/ adv. 自主地sensor /ˈsensə/ n. 传感器co-pilot /ˈkəʊ paɪlət/ n. 副驾驶signal /ˈsɪɡnəl/ v. 发出信号react /riˈækt/ v. 反应
熟词生义
eyes：常见义“眼睛”，文中义“eyes in the sky 空中之眼”board：常见义“木板”，文中义“across the board 全面”fault：常见义“过错”，文中义“故障”signal：常见义“信号”，文中义“发出信号”react：常见义“反应”，文中义“及时反应”
同义替换
guarantee the safety and reliability → ensure safety and dependability（保证安全和可靠）save billions of euros → cut costs by billions of euros（节省数十亿欧元）the very likely future → a highly probable future（很可能的前景）do precisely the same thing → do exactly the same thing（做完全相同的事）the more regularly they can be inspected → the more often they are checked（检查越频繁）costs would be cut → expenses would be reduced（成本会降低）operations would be more efficient → work would be more efficient（运营更高效）huge savings in maintenance costs → big reductions in upkeep costs（大幅节省维护成本）detecting faults before they cause problems → finding problems before they become dangerous（在故障引发问题前检测到）guide it like a co-pilot → act like a second pilot（像副驾驶一样引导）
句式解析
Can a small group of drones guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year?（设问句 + 并列谓语）译文：一小群无人机能否保证铁路的安全和可靠性，同时帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元？
The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved.（the more...the more... 比较结构 + 被动语态）译文：检查得越频繁，铁路的安全性、可靠性和准点率就越能得到改善。
Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot.（with 复合结构 + 现在分词作后置定语）译文：配备先进传感器和人工智能、在列车前方飞行的极小无人机可以像副驾驶一样引导列车。
（二十）2022年6月高考英语浙江卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
to the maximum 最大限度地secret to success 成功的秘诀moderation /ˌmɒdəˈreɪʃn/ n. 适度get results 取得成果on the job 在工作中translate sentences 翻译句子made-up language 自创语言moderately /ˈmɒdərətli/ adv. 适度地beforehand /bɪˈfɔːhænd/ adv. 事先extensively /ɪkˈstensɪvli/ adv. 大量地attached /əˈtætʃt/ adj. 依恋的traditional ways 传统方式across fields 各个领域conscientiousness /ˌkɒnʃiˈenʃəsnəs/ n. 尽责性job performance 工作表现perfectionist /pəˈfekʃənɪst/ n. 完美主义者on the clock 在上班时间under careful examination 受到仔细审视go-getter /ˈɡəʊ ɡetə/ n. 拼命工作的人colleague /ˈkɒliːɡ/ n. 同事conference-room meal 会议室用餐dirty looks 白眼corner office 角落办公室value relationships 重视人际关系be shocked by 对……感到震惊social interaction 社会互动lift mood 提升情绪in new directions 朝着新方向post-lunch effort 午餐后的工作效率promote /prəˈməʊt/ v. 提倡off-task time 非任务时间good thinker 善于思考的人seemingly unrelated 看似无关的fresh ideas 新想法positive mood 积极情绪productivity /ˌprɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/ n. 生产力creativity /ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti/ n. 创造力life satisfaction 生活满意度effective /ɪˈfektɪv/ adj. 有效的
熟词生义
go-getter：常见义“去拿的人”，文中义“拼命工作的人”dirty looks：常见义“脏看”，文中义“白眼”on the clock：常见义“在时钟上”，文中义“在上班时间”off-task time：常见义“离开任务的时间”，文中义“非任务时间”lift：常见义“举起”，文中义“提升”
同义替换
working to the maximum → working as hard as possible（最大限度工作）moderation also gets results → moderate effort also works（适度也能取得成果）made fewer errors → made fewer mistakes（犯错更少）too attached to traditional ways → too fixed on traditional methods（过于依恋传统方式）lower job performance → worse work performance（工作表现更差）seen as a go-getter → regarded as a hard worker（被视为拼命工作的人）get dirty looks → receive disapproving glances（遭到白眼）lift mood → improve mood（提升情绪）promotes off-task time → encourages time away from tasks（提倡非任务时间）leads to higher levels of productivity → results in greater productivity（带来更高生产力）
句式解析
Many people believe that working to the maximum is the secret to success, but research has found that moderation also gets results on the job.（that 宾语从句 + but 转折 + that 宾语从句）译文：许多人认为最大限度地工作是成功的秘诀，但研究发现，适度也能在工作中取得成果。
Subjects who practiced the language moderately beforehand made fewer errors than those who practiced extensively or not at all.（who 定语从句 + 比较级 + those 指代 + who 定语从句）译文：事先适度练习这门语言的受试者，比大量练习或完全不练习的人犯错更少。
So, when people do things to increase their life satisfaction, they also make themselves more effective at work.（when 时间状语从句 + 不定式作目的状语 + make + 宾语 + 宾补）译文：所以，当人们做事情来提高生活满意度时，他们也让自己在工作中更有效率。
（二十一）2022年1月浙江省首考英语卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
regular exercise 定期锻炼well documented 有充分记载的bonus /ˈbəʊnəs/ n. 额外好处ever-growing 不断增长的physically fit 身体健康dementia /dɪˈmenʃə/ n. 失智症decade /ˈdekeɪd/ n. 十年sporty /ˈspɔːti/ adj. 爱运动的lead researcher 首席研究员cardiovascular /ˌkɑːdiəʊˈvæskjələ/ adj. 心血管的delay /dɪˈleɪ/ v. 延迟prevent /prɪˈvent/ v. 预防average age 平均年龄bicycle exercise test 自行车运动测试exhausted /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/ adj. 筋疲力尽的peak /piːk/ adj. 最大值的capacity /kəˈpæsəti/ n. 能力workload /ˈwɜːkləʊd/ n. 负荷watt /wɒt/ n. 瓦特meet the criteria 符合标准fitness level 健康水平category /ˈkætəɡəri/ n. 类别define /dɪˈfaɪn/ v. 定义high blood pressure 高血压chest pain 胸痛test for 检测cause and effect 因果关系association /əˌsəʊsiˈeɪʃn/ n. 关联positive effect 积极影响applicable /əˈplɪkəbl/ adj. 适用的
熟词生义
bonus：常见义“奖金”，文中义“额外好处”sporty：常见义“运动型的”，文中义“爱运动的”capacity：常见义“容量”，文中义“能力”workload：常见义“工作量”，文中义“负荷”association：常见义“协会”，文中义“关联”
同义替换
the benefits of regular exercise are well documented → the advantages of regular exercise are well recorded（定期锻炼的好处有充分记载）there's a new bonus to add → there's a new benefit to add（有新的好处）nearly 90 percent less likely → almost 90% less probable（可能性低近90%）came on a decade later → appeared ten years later（晚十年出现）improving people's cardiovascular fitness → making people's hearts fitter（改善心血管健康）took a bicycle exercise test → did a bike test（进行自行车测试）meet the criteria for a high fitness level → qualify as highly fit（符合高健康标准）tested for dementia six times → examined for dementia six times（检测失智症六次）only shows an association → only shows a link（只显示关联）might not be applicable to other groups → may not apply to other groups（可能不适用于其他群体）
句式解析
New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia in later life.（that 宾语从句 + who 定语从句 + less likely to do）译文：新的研究人员发现，身体健康的中年女性在晚年患失智症的可能性要低近90%。
Five percent of the highly fit women developed dementia, compared to 25 percent of the women with medium fitness and 32 percent of the women with low fitness.（compared to 比较结构）译文：高健康水平女性中5%患失智症，相比之下，中等健康水平女性为25%，低健康水平女性为32%。
More research is needed to see if improved fitness could have a positive effect on the risk of dementia and also to look at when during a lifetime a high fitness level is most important.（被动语态 + 不定式作目的状语 + if 宾语从句 + when 宾语从句）译文：需要更多研究来看改善健康是否对失智症风险有积极影响，并研究一生中何时高健康水平最重要。
（二十二）2021年6月高考英语新1卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
explorer /ɪkˈsplɔːrə/ n. 探险者set foot upon 踏上continent /ˈkɒntɪnənt/ n. 大陆alive with 充满astonishing /əˈstɒnɪʃɪŋ/ adj. 惊人的variety /vəˈraɪəti/ n. 多样性wildlife /ˈwaɪldlaɪf/ n. 野生动物precious /ˈpreʃəs/ adj. 珍贵的natural resource 自然资源wisely /ˈwaɪzli/ adv. 明智地settler /ˈsetlə/ n. 定居者decimate /ˈdesɪmeɪt/ v. 大量毁灭waterfowl /ˈwɔːtəfaʊl/ n. 水禽market hunter 市场猎人overly /ˈəʊvəli/ adv. 过度地ambitious /æmˈbɪʃəs/ adj. 有野心的sportsman /ˈspɔːtsmən/ n. 运动员acre /ˈeɪkə/ n. 英亩wetland /ˈwetlənd/ n. 湿地dry /draɪ/ v. 排干feed /fiːd/ v. 供养house /haʊz/ v. 容纳ever-increasing 不断增长的greatly reduce 大幅减少habitat /ˈhæbɪtæt/ n. 栖息地passage /ˈpæsɪdʒ/ n. 通过Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act 《候鸟狩猎印花税法》concerned /kənˈsɜːnd/ adj. 担忧的take firm action 采取坚决行动destruction /dɪˈstrʌkʃn/ n. 破坏migratory /ˈmaɪɡrətri/ adj. 迁徙的vital /ˈvaɪtl/ adj. 至关重要的survival /səˈvaɪvl/ n. 生存annually /ˈænjuəli/ adv. 每年purchase /ˈpɜːtʃəs/ v. 购买carry /ˈkæri/ v. 携带Federal Duck Stamp 联邦鸭票political cartoonist 政治漫画家appoint /əˈpɔɪnt/ v. 任命Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey 生物调查局局长willingly /ˈwɪlɪŋli/ adv. 愿意地ensure /ɪnˈʃʊə/ v. 确保conservation fund 保护基金inclusion /ɪnˈkluːʒn/ n. 纳入National Wildlife Refuge System 国家野生动物庇护系统generation /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/ n. 一代人conservation program 保护计划initiate /ɪˈnɪʃieɪt/ v. 发起
熟词生义
decimate：常见义“十分之一”，文中义“大量毁灭”dry：常见义“干燥的”，文中义“排干”house：常见义“房子”，文中义“容纳”carry：常见义“携带”，文中义“携带（鸭票）”willingly：常见义“愿意地”，文中义“心甘情愿地”
同义替换
the skies and lands were alive with wildlife → wildlife filled the skies and lands（天空和大地充满野生动物）took care of these precious natural resources wisely → managed these valuable resources wisely（明智地管理这些珍贵资源）it took only a few decades to decimate → it took only a few decades to destroy（只用了几十年就大量毁灭）millions of waterfowl were killed → millions of waterfowl were hunted（数百万水禽被猎杀）wetlands were dried → wetlands were drained（湿地被排干）greatly reducing waterfowl habitat → sharply cutting waterfowl habitat（大幅减少水禽栖息地）took firm action → acted decisively（采取坚决行动）must annually purchase and carry → must buy and carry every year（每年必须购买和携带）willingly pay the stamp price → gladly pay for the stamp（心甘情愿支付鸭票费用）ensures this land will be protected → makes sure this land will be preserved（确保土地得到保护）
句式解析
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.（When 时间状语从句 + be alive with）译文：当探险者首次踏上北美大陆时，天空和大地充满了种类惊人的野生动物。
Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing populations, greatly reducing waterfowl habitat.（被动语态 + 不定式作目的状语 + 现在分词作结果状语）译文：数百万英亩湿地被排干，以供养和容纳不断增长的人口，极大地减少了水禽栖息地。
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge System.（不定式作目的状语 + for inclusion into）译文：每1美元鸭票收入中约98美分直接进入候鸟保护基金，用于购买湿地和野生动物栖息地，纳入国家野生动物庇护系统。
（二十三）2021年6月高考英语新2卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
prize /praɪz/ n. 奖金name /neɪm/ v. 命名World's Best Teacher 世界最佳教师cash /kæʃ/ n. 现金inspirational /ˌɪnspəˈreɪʃənl/ adj. 鼓舞人心的figure /ˈfɪɡə/ n. 人物secondary school 中学bring about 带来classroom revolution 课堂变革promote /prəˈməʊt/ v. 推广the arts 艺术result from 源于difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/ n. 困难up-and-coming 崭露头角的local musician 当地音乐家major movie star 大电影明星inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə/ v. 激励community school 社区学校magic moment 神奇时刻eyes are shining 眼睛闪闪发光faces light up 脸上放光brilliant /ˈbrɪliənt/ adj. 出色的direct contact 直接接触particularly /pəˈtɪkjələli/ adv. 尤其welcome /ˈwelkəm/ adj. 受欢迎的downgrade /ˌdaʊnˈɡreɪd/ v. 降级unnecessary /ʌnˈnesəsəri/ adj. 不必要的supporter /səˈpɔːtə/ n. 支持者add-on /ˈæd ɒn/ n. 附加物absolutely /ˈæbsəluːtli/ adv. 绝对地creativity /ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti/ n. 创造力depend on 取决于artificial intelligence 人工智能take over 接管remain /rɪˈmeɪn/ v. 留下visionary /ˈvɪʒənri/ adj. 有远见的freshness /ˈfreʃnəs/ n. 新鲜感strength /streŋθ/ n. 力量century /ˈsentʃəri/ n. 世纪
熟词生义
name：常见义“名字”，文中义“命名”figure：常见义“数字”，文中义“人物”the arts：常见义“艺术”，文中义“艺术学科”add-on：常见义“附加物”，文中义“附加品”take over：常见义“接管”，文中义“取代”
同义替换
won a $1 million prize → received a million-dollar award（赢得100万美元奖金）will use the cash → will spend the money（将使用这笔钱）bring inspirational figures into UK schools → invite inspiring people to UK schools（把鼓舞人心的人物带进英国学校）bring about a classroom revolution → create a change in the classroom（带来课堂变革）started a project to promote the teaching of the arts → began a project to improve arts teaching（发起项目推广艺术教学）results from the difficulties → comes from the problems（源于困难）getting artists into schools to work with children → bringing artists to schools to inspire children（让艺术家进校与孩子互动）those magic moments → those wonderful moments（那些神奇时刻）particularly welcome → especially appreciated（尤其受欢迎）the arts are being downgraded → arts education is being devalued（艺术教育被降级）
句式解析
A British woman who won a $1 million prize after she was named the World's Best Teacher will use the cash to bring inspirational figures into UK schools.（who 定语从句 + after 时间状语从句 + 被动语态 + 不定式作目的状语）译文：一位在被评为“世界最佳教师”后赢得100万美元奖金的英国女性，将用这笔钱把鼓舞人心的人物带进英国学校。
The project results from the difficulties many schools have in getting artists of any sort into schools to work with and inspire children.（result from + 省略关系词的定语从句 + have difficulty in doing）译文：该项目源于许多学校在让任何类型的艺术家进入学校与孩子们合作并激励他们方面所面临的困难。
What will remain of us when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity, and it is our creative spirit, our visionary sense of freshness, that has been our strength for centuries.（What 主语从句 + when 时间状语从句 + 强调句）译文：当人工智能接管时，我们留下的将是我们的创造力，而正是我们的创造精神、我们富有远见的新鲜感，几个世纪以来一直是我们的力量所在。
（二十四）2021年6月高考英语全国甲卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
pack up 打包arrive at 到达Heathrow 希思罗机场gray /ɡreɪ/ adj. 灰色的settle into 适应beloved /bɪˈlʌvd/ adj. 心爱的endless /ˈendləs/ adj. 无尽的blue-sky days 蓝天日子at a loss 不知所措out of place 格格不入discovery /dɪˈskʌvəri/ n. 发现Southbank 南岸eastern bend 东弯Thames 泰晤士河skateboarding /ˈskeɪtbɔːdɪŋ/ n. 滑板continuous /kənˈtɪnjuəs/ adj. 持续的crashing /ˈkræʃɪŋ/ n. 撞击声ring /rɪŋ/ v. 回响make friends with 与……交朋友local skaters 当地滑板者own language 自己的语言safe /seɪf/ adj. 安全的（文中义“酷，你好，别担心”）trick /trɪk/ n. 技巧beam /biːm/ n. 横杆fall onto 摔到damage a nerve 损伤神经help sb. up 扶起某人land the trick 完成技巧beat their boards 拍打滑板matter /ˈmætə/ v. 重要Washington 华盛顿locals /ˈləʊklz/ n. 当地人far less welcoming 远不友好give up 放弃wander down to 漫步到spend hours 花数小时travel back 回访weave /wiːv/ v. 穿梭rush by 冲过rail-thin /ˌreɪl ˈθɪn/ adj. 骨瘦如柴的baggy /ˈbæɡi/ adj. 宽松的skid /skɪd/ v. 滑行glance /ɡlɑːns/ n. 瞥视nod /nɒd/ v. 点头
熟词生义
pack up：常见义“打包”，文中义“收拾行李”safe：常见义“安全的”，文中义“酷，你好，别担心”land：常见义“土地”，文中义“完成（技巧）”matter：常见义“事情”，文中义“重要”weave：常见义“编织”，文中义“穿梭”
同义替换
we packed up our home → we packed our things（我们收拾行李）felt at a loss and out of place → felt confused and like an outsider（感到不知所措和格格不入）made friends with the local skaters → became friends with local skateboarders（与当地滑板者交朋友）Safe meant cool → Safe meant awesome（Safe意为酷）damaging a nerve in my hand → injuring a nerve in my hand（损伤手部神经）landing tricks, being a good skater → completing tricks and being skilled（完成技巧，成为好滑板者）the locals were far less welcoming → the local people were much less friendly（当地人远不友好）I'd given it up → I had stopped doing it（我已经放弃了）found myself wandering down to Southbank → discovered I was walking to Southbank（发现自己漫步到南岸）he seemed not to notice the man next to him → he appeared not to see the man beside him（他似乎没注意到旁边的人）
句式解析
Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place.（Without 介词短语 + 并列形容词作表语）译文：没有我心爱的海滩和无尽的蓝天日子，我感到不知所措、格格不入。
Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam, I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand.（when + 现在分词作时间状语 + 现在分词作结果状语）译文：有一次，当我在横杆上尝试某个技巧时，我摔到了石头上，损伤了手部的一根神经。
Weaving among the kids who rushed by on their boards, I found my way to the beam.（现在分词作伴随状语 + who 定语从句）译文：在那些踩着滑板冲过的孩子们中间穿梭，我找到了通往横杆的路。
（二十五）2021年6月高考英语全国乙卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
plastic /ˈplæstɪk/ n. 塑料pollute /pəˈluːt/ v. 污染ocean /ˈəʊʃn/ n. 海洋tonne /tʌn/ n. 公吨ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统make a difference 产生影响artist /ˈɑːtɪst/ n. 艺术家massive /ˈmæsɪv/ adj. 巨大的sculpture /ˈskʌlptʃə/ n. 雕塑plastic garbage 塑料垃圾force /fɔːs/ v. 迫使re-examine /ˌriːɪɡˈzæmɪn/ v. 重新审视relationship /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ n. 关系single-use 一次性的Strawpocalypse 吸管末日10-foot-tall 十英尺高的plastic wave 塑料波浪frozen /ˈfrəʊzn/ adj. 凝固的mid-crash 碰撞中volunteer beach cleanup 志愿者海滩清理make its first appearance 首次亮相shopping center 购物中心Vietnam 越南global plastic waste 全球塑料垃圾recycle /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ v. 回收by no means 绝不source /sɔːs/ n. 来源come under fire 受到抨击small size and weight 体积小、重量轻take centuries to disappear 需要数百年才能消失illustrate /ˈɪləstreɪt/ v. 说明specific statistic 具体统计数据truckload /ˈtrʌkləʊd/ n. 一卡车tie together 绑在一起dump /dʌmp/ v. 倾倒pressure /ˈpreʃə/ v. 施压reduce plastic footprint 减少塑料足迹
熟词生义
make a difference：常见义“产生影响”，文中义“起作用”come under fire：常见义“着火”，文中义“受到抨击”by no means：常见义“绝不是”，文中义“绝不”pressure：常见义“压力”，文中义“施压”footprint：常见义“脚印”，文中义“plastic footprint 塑料足迹”
同义替换
plastic is polluting the oceans → plastic is making the oceans dirty（塑料正在污染海洋）does one plastic straw really make a difference → does one straw really matter（一根吸管真的重要吗）builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage → makes huge artworks from plastic waste（用塑料垃圾制作巨大雕塑）forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to plastic → making people rethink their use of plastic（迫使观众重新审视与塑料的关系）came under fire → was criticized（受到抨击）cannot be recycled → are impossible to recycle（无法回收）take centuries to disappear → need hundreds of years to break down（需要数百年才能降解）wanted to illustrate a specific statistic → aimed to show a particular figure（想说明一个具体数据）help pressure big companies → push large companies（向大公司施压）reduce their plastic footprint → cut their plastic use（减少塑料足迹）
句式解析
He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.（build... out of... + 现在分词作结果状语 + force sb. to do）译文：他用塑料垃圾建造巨大的雕塑，迫使观众重新审视他们与一次性塑料制品的关系。
Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.（过去分词作状语 + 过去分词作后置定语）译文：这座由从几次志愿者海滩清理中收集的168,000根塑料吸管制成的雕塑，首次亮相于越南胡志明市的埃斯特拉广场购物中心。
Every straw that's part of Von Wong's artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes.（that 定语从句 + that 定语从句）译文：冯·黄艺术作品中使用的每一根吸管，很可能都来自某人只使用了几分钟的饮料。
（二十六）2021年6月高考英语浙江卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
impression /ɪmˈpreʃn/ n. 印象content /kənˈtent/ adj. 满足的annoyed /əˈnɔɪd/ adj. 恼怒的be onto something 有所发现distinguish /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/ v. 区分human faces 人的面孔researcher /rɪˈsɜːtʃə/ n. 研究者train /treɪn/ v. 训练image /ˈɪmɪdʒ/ n. 图像upper half 上半部分lower half 下半部分test /test/ v. 测试facial expression 面部表情totally different 完全不同pick /pɪk/ v. 挑选random chance 随机概率figure out 弄清楚apply /əˈplaɪ/ v. 应用rule out 排除simple cue 简单线索sight of teeth 看到牙齿smiling mouth 微笑的嘴smiling eyes 微笑的眼睛apply to 适用于angry mouth 生气的嘴angry eyes 生气的眼睛confidently /ˈkɒnfɪdəntli/ adv. 自信地conclude /kənˈkluːd/ v. 得出结论equipped with 具备recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ v. 识别most likely explanation 最可能的解释basis /ˈbeɪsɪs/ n. 基础exposure /ɪkˈspəʊʒə/ n. 接触provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物chance /tʃɑːns/ n. 机会learn to distinguish 学会区分
熟词生义
content：常见义“内容”，文中义“满足的”be onto something：常见义“在……上面”，文中义“有所发现”pick：常见义“挑选”，文中义“挑选（图片）”figure out：常见义“算出”，文中义“弄清楚”rule out：常见义“划掉”，文中义“排除”
同义替换
get the impression → have the feeling（得到印象）your dog can "tell" → your dog can recognize（你的狗能“分辨”）distinguish between happy and angry faces → tell happy faces from angry faces（区分开心和生气的脸）trained a group of 11 dogs → taught 11 dogs（训练11只狗）were shown only the upper half → saw only the top half（只看到上半部分）totally different from the ones used in training → completely unlike those used in training（与训练用的完全不同）pick the angry or happy face → choose the angry or happy face（挑选生气或开心的脸）figure out how to apply what they learned → work out how to use what they learned（弄清楚如何应用所学）rule out → exclude（排除）the most likely explanation → the probable reason（最可能的解释）
句式解析
If you ever get the impression that your dog can "tell" whether you look content or annoyed, you may be onto something.（if 条件状语从句 + that 同位语从句 + whether 宾语从句）译文：如果你曾经觉得你的狗能“分辨”你看起来是满足还是恼怒，那你可能真的发现了什么。
The researchers found that the dogs were able to pick the angry or happy face by touching a picture of it with their noses more often than one would expect by random chance.（that 宾语从句 + by doing + more often than 比较）译文：研究人员发现，狗能够用鼻子触碰图片来挑选出生气或开心的脸，其频率高于随机概率的预期。
Instead, our results suggest that the successful dogs realized that a smiling mouth means the same thing as smiling eyes.（that 宾语从句 + that 宾语从句）译文：相反，我们的结果表明，成功的狗意识到微笑的嘴和微笑的眼睛意味着同样的事情。
（二十七）2021年1月浙江省首考英语卷-阅读C篇
高频高级词
translate /trænsˈleɪt/ v. 翻译gesture /ˈdʒestʃə/ n. 手势wild chimpanzee 野生黑猩猩communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ v. 交流specific /spəˈsɪfɪk/ adj. 具体的vocabulary /vəˈkæbjələri/ n. 词汇incident /ˈɪnsɪdənt/ n. 事件meaningful exchange 有意义的交流intentional /ɪnˈtenʃənl/ adj. 有意的animal kingdom 动物王国deliberately /dɪˈlɪbərətli/ adv. 故意地group member 群体成员amazing /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ adj. 惊人的in that respect 在这方面previous research 先前研究ape /eɪp/ n. 猿monkey /ˈmʌŋki/ n. 猴complex information 复杂信息call /kɔːl/ n. 叫声intentionally /ɪnˈtenʃənəli/ adv. 有意地significant difference 显著差异check /tʃek/ v. 查看attention /əˈtenʃn/ n. 注意present /prɪˈzent/ v. 呈现crying baby 哭泣的婴儿signal /ˈsɪɡnəl/ v. 示意climb on 爬上youngster /ˈjʌŋstə/ n. 幼崽jump on 跳上travel off 离开meaningful /ˈmiːnɪŋfl/ adj. 有意义的unique /juˈniːk/ adj. 独特的evolutionary biologist 进化生物学家praiseworthy /ˈpreɪzwɜːði/ adj. 值得称赞的enrich /ɪnˈrɪtʃ/ v. 丰富evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃn/ n. 进化disappointing /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪŋ/ adj. 令人失望的vagueness /ˈveɪɡnəs/ n. 模糊性contain /kənˈteɪn/ v. 包含non-verbal communication 非语言交流convey /kənˈveɪ/ v. 传达gulf /ɡʌlf/ n. 鸿沟remain /rɪˈmeɪn/ v. 仍然存在
熟词生义
translate：常见义“翻译”，文中义“解读”call：常见义“打电话”，文中义“叫声”present：常见义“现在的”，文中义“呈现”signal：常见义“信号”，文中义“示意”gulf：常见义“海湾”，文中义“鸿沟”
同义替换
translated the meaning of gestures → worked out what gestures mean（解读手势含义）communicate 19 specific messages → send 19 particular messages（传递19种具体信息）examining more than 5,000 incidents → studying over 5,000 cases（研究5000多例）intentional communication → deliberate communication（有意的交流）deliberately sent a message → purposely sent a message（故意发送信息）the only thing that looks like human language → the only thing similar to human language（唯一像人类语言的东西）do not appear to use their voices intentionally → seem not to use calls on purpose（似乎不刻意使用叫声）check to see if they have the attention → make sure they have the attention（确认是否引起注意）the results were a little disappointing → the findings were somewhat disappointing（结果有点令人失望）the gulf remains → the gap still exists（鸿沟仍然存在）
句式解析
They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages to one another with a "vocabulary" of 66 gestures.（with 介词短语作方式状语）译文：他们说野生黑猩猩用66种手势的“词汇”相互传递19种具体信息。
Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.（插入语 + where 定语从句 + send a message to）译文：她说，只有人类和黑猩猩拥有一种交流系统，在其中它们刻意向群体其他成员发送信息。
The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions.（either...or... 并列 + that 宾语从句 + 过去分词作后置定语）译文：手势含义的模糊性表明，要么黑猩猩没什么可交流的，要么我们仍然遗漏了它们手势和动作中包含的大量信息。
