Passage 1流动的假期：2026 国庆黄金周出行热潮

体裁：新闻报道改写（中国时事·社会/经济）　词数：约 375　难度：★★★☆（对标 C 篇中难偏上）

原文（先做后看解析；仅真超纲词就近标注，其余请语境自猜）

For eight days this autumn, China was on the move. The combined Mid-Autumn and National Day holiday, which ran from September 30 to October 7, sent an estimated cross-regional（跨区域的） trips of 2.13 billion across the country, according to the Ministry of Transport. That figure, averaging more than 260 million journeys a day, represents one of the largest coordinated movements of people on Earth. On October 1 alone, the railway system carried about 25.2 million passengers, a single-day record, while highway traffic reached 71 million vehicle trips — nearly twice the August daily average.

Road travel remained the backbone of the holiday. Self-driving accounted for more than 90 percent of all trips, and the number of new-energy vehicles on expressways hit 17.8 million on the first day, 1.8 times the usual level. Behind the wheel was a maturing industrial chain: in just a few years, electric cars have shifted from a niche choice to a household staple, supported by a rapidly expanding charging network. Despite the surge, the length of seriously congested expressway sections longer than ten kilometers fell by about 70 percent nationwide, helped in part by AI-powered traffic prediction.

What changed most was not the volume but the rhythm. Travelers booked longer trips and turned to lesser-known destinations, with "county tourism," "chasing autumn" and "city-hopping" becoming the season's keywords. People avoided crowded icons and headed instead to small towns where they could slow down. Data tells the story: bookings for glacier trekking rose more than 50 percent, skydiving nearly 80 percent, and whale-watching more than tripled. Four new high-speed lines, including the Harbin–Yichun route, opened just in time, and the forested city of Yichun saw visitor numbers at its top scenic areas jump 21.5 percent.

The holiday also drew the world in. Border crossings handled about 2.15 million passenger trips a day, and inbound tourism posted its first double-digit year-on-year growth. Foreign visitors, many arriving under visa-free（免签的） policies, were captivated by more than landmarks: they learned to brew black tea in Zhejiang, dressed in hanfu in Shanghai, and watched folk performances in Zhangjiajie. Cultural attractions made up 43 percent of inbound bookings, up from 32 percent two years earlier. In the end, the Golden Week was less a pause from work than a live demonstration of a vast, mobile and increasingly open society — one where the desire to move, and to meet, shows no sign of slowing.

题目（Q1–Q4）

1. Which of the following best describes the transportation picture during the 2026 Golden Week?A. Railways handled the majority of trips, while road travel declined sharply.B. Air travel overtook both road and rail as the most popular mode.C. Road dominated with over 90% of trips, even as rail set a single-day passenger record.D. Inbound foreign travel exceeded domestic trips for the first time.
2. What can be inferred about the changing preferences of Chinese holiday travelers?A. They now prefer staying at home to avoid crowded scenic spots.B. Long-distance travel has become less attractive than in previous years.C. Cost has ceased to matter once people decide to travel.D. They are increasingly seeking immersive, off-the-beaten-path experiences rather than merely visiting famous sites.
3. Why does the author include details about visa-free policies and foreign visitors' activities?A. To argue that domestic tourists should travel abroad instead.B. To show that inbound tourism has become a new driver of the holiday economy and cultural exchange.C. To suggest that foreign visitors now outnumber domestic travelers.D. To criticize the overcrowding of famous domestic attractions.
4. The word "captivated" in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to ______.A. confused or misledB. worried or alarmedC. slightly bored after a whileD. strongly attracted or fascinated

逐题解析

Q1 答案：C

正确原因：跨段细节综合题。第二段 "Self-driving accounted for more than 90 percent of all trips" 与第一段 "the railway system carried about 25.2 million passengers, a single-day record" 共同构成 C（公路占九成以上、铁路创单日纪录）。需跨两段整合，非单段字面检索。

干扰项：A 错因「偷换概念＋以偏概全」——公路占九成、铁路非主力，且公路未"骤降"；B 无中生有，文中未提航空反超；D 与第四段"入境游增长"相反，且国内出行远多于入境。

Q2 答案：D　★踮脚

正确原因：推理判断题（推一步）。第三段列 "county tourism / chasing autumn / city-hopping"、避挤向小城、冰川徒步 +50%、跳伞 +80%、观鲸翻三倍，需推出 D（从"打卡名景"转向沉浸式、小众深度体验）。原文无原句，须由多组上升数据归纳。

干扰项：A「无中生有」——人们出行更多只是方式不同；B「反向」——长途航班 >2000km 预订 +76%；C「过度推断」——文中未说花费不再重要。

Q3 答案：B

正确原因：推理判断题（写作目的）。第四段用口岸数据、免签、外国人沉浸式体验（学泡茶、穿汉服、看民俗）说明入境游成为假期经济与人文交流的新引擎，对应 B。

干扰项：A「无中生有」——作者未主张国人改去境外；C「无中生有＋夸大」——未称外国人多于国人；D「张冠李戴」——列举入境目的是展现开放共赢，非批评国内拥挤。

Q4 答案：D

正确原因：词义猜测题（语境可推）。第四段 "overseas visitors were captivated by more than landmarks: they learned to brew... dressed in hanfu... watched folk performances" 由冒号后的主动亲近行为及情感色彩，推知 captivated = 被强烈吸引/迷住（D）。

干扰项：A、B 与"主动体验、流连忘返"的情感色彩相反；C 与"反复到访、沉浸其中"矛盾。均属「无中生有」。

语篇分析

体裁：新闻报道改写（现象—规模—结构变化—延伸意义 结构）。
结构骨架：第1段给出总体规模（21.3 亿跨区出行、铁路单日纪录）；第2段讲交通结构（公路为主、新能源车上量、拥堵反降）；第3段讲旅行方式之变（县域/追秋/深度体验兴起）；第4段延伸至入境游与开放效应并收束升华。
难度提示：Q2 为拉分踮脚推理题，答案须由第三段多组上升数据归纳"体验式、小众化"转向，不可在原文找原词；Q4 猜词借冒号列举与情感色彩定位。长难句如 "The combined... sent an estimated cross-regional trips of 2.13 billion across the country" 含定语从句与分词结构。

核心词汇（8–12 个，含派生词构词法）

词组 / 固定搭配

on the move 在移动中，忙碌奔波account for 占（比例）shift from...to... 从……转向……turn to 转向，求助于head to 前往draw...in 把……吸引进来less A than B 与其说 A 不如说 B

阅读知识点

① 跨段细节综合题——"多段证据拼图"法：Q1 不能只看一段。正确项 C 的"公路占九成"来自第二段、"铁路单日纪录"来自第一段，必须将两处证据拼接；凡干扰项只用单段字面或反向表述（A 的"铁路为主"）即可排除。
② 推理判断题——"数据归纳推一步"法：Q2 的 D 不在原文原句，而由第三段 "county tourism / +50% / +80% / 翻三倍" 等上升数据归纳得出"体验式转向"。做此类题先把支撑性细节列全，再上升一层概括，切忌用原文原词直接匹配。

练习建议：遇到"infer / imply"题，先圈出相关段落的全部事实，再问自己"这些事实共同说明什么"，答案往往是事实的上一级概括。

Passage 2算法厌恶：为何我们宁可信会出错的人，也不信更准确的机器

体裁：议论文（行为经济学·外刊）　词数：约 450　难度：★★★★☆（对标 D 篇外刊高难）

原文（先做后看解析；仅真超纲词就近标注，其余请语境自猜）

We live in an age of algorithms. Computer models now help doctors read medical scans, banks approve loans, and employers filter job applicants; they forecast the weather and track the spread of disease. The promise is consistency: unlike people, algorithms do not tire, panic, or let mood distort their judgment. One might expect a society flooded with such tools to trust them readily — especially when careful studies show they often match or beat human experts at prediction.

Reality is stranger. In a series of experiments, researchers Dietvorst, Simmons and Massey asked participants to predict outcomes using either their own judgment or a statistical algorithm（算法）. The algorithm was demonstrably more accurate. Yet the moment people watched it make a single mistake, their confidence collapsed. They abandoned the reliable machine and returned to the human forecaster（预测者）, even when that human was clearly worse. The team labeled the pattern "algorithm aversion," and later work confirmed it across hiring, medicine and finance. Remarkably, participants behaved this way even after watching the human forecaster err far more often than the model did.

Why are we so quick to forgive a person's error and so unforgiving of a machine's? Part of the answer is control. A wrong human call feels like a choice we might have made differently; a wrong algorithm feels like a verdict（裁决） we cannot appeal. Blame plays a role too: we know whom to hold responsible when a person errs, but fault dissolves into code. Transparency is the third factor. When a system offers no visible reasoning, users treat its occasional slip not as a manageable imperfection but as proof of hidden unreliability. People also overweight the algorithm's single visible error and underweight its steady overall advantage.

The bias is not absolute. Follow-up studies found that acceptance climbs when people can adjust the algorithm's output or see how it reached a conclusion — a design sometimes called "human-in-the-loop." In low-stakes, routine tasks, people embrace automation fairly easily. In deeply personal, high-stakes domains such as health and hiring, aversion persists, precisely where better tools could matter most. Some organizations now show the model's top reasons next to its suggestion, a small change that measurably lifts trust.

The cost is real. By recoiling from algorithms after one slip, organizations and individuals discard instruments that would, on average, improve their decisions. The remedy is not to hide the machine or to pretend it is flawless, but to make it legible（清晰易懂的）: show its logic, invite correction, and let people keep a hand on the wheel. Trust, it turns out, depends less on the quality of the prediction than on the feeling of being a partner in it.

题目（Q5–Q8）

1. What did Dietvorst and colleagues' experiments reveal about people's response to algorithms?A. After seeing an algorithm err once, people often abandoned it for a less accurate human judge.B. People trusted the algorithm more after it made a mistake.C. Participants ignored human forecasters entirely once an algorithm was available.D. The experiments proved algorithms are less accurate than humans.
2. According to the passage, when are people MORE willing to rely on algorithms?A. When the algorithm's reasoning is kept hidden from users.B. When the task involves life-and-death medical decisions.C. When humans have performed worse on most previous attempts.D. When they can adjust the output or see how the conclusion was reached.
3. What can be inferred about the author's attitude toward algorithmic decision tools?A. The author considers them dangerous and fundamentally untrustworthy.B. The author views them as valuable but underused because of a correctable psychological bias.C. The author believes human judgment is superior to machines in most cases.D. The author urges banning human judgment in high-stakes fields.
4. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Even when algorithms outperform people, a single mistake often drives users away — a bias with real costs that better design can reduce.B. Algorithms are inherently flawed and should not be trusted with important decisions.C. Human forecasters are more accurate than statistical models in most fields.D. Research suggests machines will seldom replace human judgment in hiring or medicine.

逐题解析

Q5 答案：A

正确原因：细节理解题（跨段）。第二段 "the moment people watched it make a single mistake, their confidence collapsed. They abandoned the reliable machine and returned to the human forecaster, even when that human was clearly worse" 与选项 A 同义复现——算法错一次，人们便弃之改用更差的人。

干扰项：B 与 "confidence collapsed" 相反；C 无中生有，文中未说完全忽略人；D「偷换概念」——实验恰恰证明算法更准确。

Q6 答案：D

正确原因：细节理解题（跨段综合）。第四段 "acceptance climbs when people can adjust the algorithm's output or see how it reached a conclusion" 对应 D（能调整输出或看到推导过程时更愿信赖）。

干扰项：A「反向」——隐藏推理反而降低信任（第三段 transparency 段）；B「以偏概全」——高利害领域恰是厌恶最顽固处；C 无中生有，实验未以"人屡错"为条件。

Q7 答案：B　★踮脚

正确原因：推理判断题（推断作者态度，推一步）。末段 "discard instruments that would... improve their decisions" 与 "remedy is not to hide... but to make it legible" 推出 B——作者视算法为有价值却被低估的工具，其少用源于一种可纠正的心理偏差。

干扰项：A「反向」——作者肯定其价值；C「反向」——作者认为机器常更准；D「过度推断」——作者主张"人在回路"而非禁止人判断。

Q8 答案：A

正确原因：主旨大意题。全文以"算法常更准却因一次失误被弃"为核心，展开成因（控制/归责/透明）、何时可缓解（human-in-the-loop）及代价与对策，A 覆盖全文结构；B/C/D 均将局部观点极端化为全文主旨。

干扰项：B「以偏概全」——作者未全盘否定算法；C「反向」——与"算法更准"矛盾；D「无中生有＋过度推断」——"never replace" 文中无据。

语篇分析

体裁：议论文（假设—反证—成因—限定—对策 结构）。
结构骨架：第1段设预期（算法一致且常更准，应被信赖）；第2段以实验"算法厌恶"反转；第3段析因（控制感/归责/透明/权重偏差）；第4段限定（human-in-the-loop 与低 stakes 时可缓解）；第5段点明代价与对策（使其可理解）。
难度提示：Q7 为拉分踮脚推理题，须综合末段"代价＋对策"推作者态度，不可选字面词；长难句如 "When a system offers no visible reasoning, users treat its occasional slip not as a manageable imperfection but as proof of hidden unreliability" 含 not A but B 结构。

核心词汇（8–12 个，含派生词构词法）

词组 / 固定搭配

flood with 使充斥，大量涌入match or beat 持平或胜过the moment 一……就abandon...for... 弃……而取……hold responsible 追究责任human-in-the-loop 人在回路（人机协同）depend less on A than on B 与其依赖 A 不如依赖 B

阅读知识点

① 作者态度/主旨推断——"末段定点 + 全文结构"法：Q7、Q8 均需在读懂全文骨架后判断。作者态度藏在末段对策句（"remedy is not to hide... but to make it legible"），由"弃用本可改善决策的工具"推出"被低估但有价值"。
② 干扰项"极端化/反向"识别：本套所有干扰项均为自然陈述，无 always/never/only/must 等排除词；排除须回到证据层——如 Q8 的 B 把"一次失误被弃"放大成"算法根本不可信"，属以偏概全。

练习建议：议论文主旨题先看首段"立论"与末段"结论"，再比对选项是否全面且不极端；含 only/never/must 的项优先存疑，但仍须回文确认。

七选五写日记的力量：用反思性书写重塑思考

体裁：说明 + 方法指导　词数：约 310　难度：★★★☆（中难）　题型：5 空，选项为完整句子，考逻辑衔接/指代/段落主旨

原文（选出能填入 36–40 空白处的句子）

We often race through our days without pausing to process them. 36 ______. The practice is simple: regularly writing down thoughts, observations and feelings. Done well, it does far more than store memories — it quietly reshapes how we think. Many people assume reflection requires rare quiet hours, yet the habit asks only for a few honest minutes. Over time, those minutes accumulate into a clearer sense of who we are and where we are headed.

37 ______. Studies link regular journaling to clearer thinking and steadier mood. Putting an experience into words forces the brain to organize scattered events into a sequence. What felt like chaos gains a beginning, middle and end. This alone can lower stress, because a half-formed worry is heavier than one you have examined on the page. Researchers note that naming an emotion on paper weakens its grip, turning a swirl of feeling into something you can actually hold and examine.

Another benefit is perspective. 38 ______. A disagreement that seemed like a personal attack in the moment may, on rereading, reveal your own part in it. Distance turns reaction into reflection. A hard day that felt like pure failure might later read as a single setback among many small wins. The page does not change what happened, but it changes how the events sit inside you.

You do not need a leather-bound book or perfect prose. 39 ______. A few lines on a phone note, written at the same time each evening, work as well as anything. What matters is consistency, not polish. Some keep a single sentence per day; others write at length only when something weighs on them. The form is far less important than the act of returning, again and again, to your own attention.

The effect builds over weeks. 40 ______. In time, the journal becomes less a record of life than a second pair of eyes — one that helps you meet the next day a little wiser. Patterns of thought that once felt private and fixed begin to surface, and with them the quiet freedom to choose a different response next time.

选项

A. Writing also creates a small distance from strong emotions.B. Start with whatever format fits your life.C. One habit, backed by a growing body of research, can slow that blur: keeping a journal.D. Many people worry that they have nothing worth recording.E. Studies link regular journaling to clearer thinking and steadier mood.F. Over time, this quiet practice trains you to notice patterns you would otherwise miss.G. The best entries are honest, not polished.

逐题解析

36 答案：C

正确依据：空前 "race through our days without pausing to process them" 说日子糊成一片；C 以 "slow that blur: keeping a journal" 用代词 that blur 回指前文，并引出主题词 journaling，与空后 "The practice is simple" 衔接。

干扰项：D 谈"无内容可记"，与"糊成一片"无指代；E 是普遍结论，无法承接 "blur" 这一具体意象；G 谈诚实，偏离引入。

37 答案：E

正确依据：空后句 "Studies link regular journaling to clearer thinking..." 与 E 几乎同义复现（E 即该句本身或其概括），且 E 作为段落主旨句引出"把经历写下来→厘清乱绪→减压"的展开。

干扰项：A 讲"情绪距离"，属下段视角主题，放此会打断"厘清—减压"逻辑；B/G 讲格式与诚实，属后文。

38 答案：A

正确依据：本段主旨 "Another benefit is perspective"，A "Writing also creates a small distance from strong emotions" 中 distance 与空后 "reveal your own part / Distance turns reaction into reflection" 的 Distance 形成词汇复现与逻辑递进。

干扰项：C 是全文引入句，此处重复；F 讲"长期训练发现模式"，属末段；E 已用于 37。

39 答案：B

正确依据：空前 "You do not need a leather-bound book or perfect prose" 否定"门槛"，B "Start with whatever format fits your life" 承接"无需讲究形式"，并与空后 "A few lines on a phone note... What matters is consistency, not polish" 形成"形式—举例—总结"链条。

干扰项：G "honest, not polished" 偷换焦点（本段讲形式/格式而非诚实）；D 谈内容焦虑，不接"无需精致"。

40 答案：F

正确依据：空前 "The effect builds over weeks" 讲长期累积，F "Over time, this quiet practice trains you to notice patterns you would otherwise miss" 以 Over time 复现、以 notice patterns 衔接空后 "a second pair of eyes"，收束升华。

干扰项：A/E 已分别用于 38/37；G 谈诚实，与"长期效应—第二双眼睛"无关；C 为引入句不可置于尾段。

语篇分析

体裁：说明 + 方法指导（问题—引入—分益—方法—升华 结构）。
结构骨架：第1段以"日子糊成一片"引出写日记习惯；第2段讲"厘清思绪、减压"；第3段讲"拉开情绪距离、获得视角"；第4段讲"形式门槛低、贵在坚持"；第5段收束"长期积累成第二双眼睛"。
解题要点：5 空均考句子间逻辑衔接与指代词回指（如 36 的 that blur 回指前文；38 的 distance 与下段 distance 复现；39 的 format 承接"无需精致"）。正确项 C,E,A,B,F 五字母互异、分布无相邻同；干扰项 D、G 与任何空均不契合。

核心词汇（8–12 个，含派生词构词法）

词组 / 固定搭配

race through 匆匆度过pause to process 停下来消化（经历）backed by 在……支持下link A to B 把 A 与 B 联系起来turn...into... 把……变成……fit your life 适合你的生活a second pair of eyes 另一双眼睛（旁观视角）

阅读 / 解题知识点

① 七选五——"指代词回指 + 复现词"定位法：36 空后的 C 用 that blur 回指首句 "race through... without pausing"，属于典型代词回指衔接；38 空的 A 中 distance 与空后 "Distance turns reaction into reflection" 形成词汇复现，锁定段落内部逻辑。
② 七选五——"段落主旨句"识别：37 空需填本段主旨，E "Studies link regular journaling to clearer thinking and steadier mood" 恰好是后文"写下来→厘清→减压"的总起；若误选 A（情绪距离）会打断本段"厘清—减压"主线，因 A 属下段视角主题。

练习建议：做七选五先通读抓每段主旨，再填空时重点看空前后的代词、复现词与逻辑连接词，排除与所在段主题不符的干扰项。