听考研真题|2023年英一阅读1:学校应加强环保教育了

The weather in Texas may have cooled since the recent extreme heat, but the temperature will be high at the State Board of Education meeting in Austin this month as officials debate how climate change is taught in Texas schools.

【翻译】尽管德克萨斯州的天气自近期极端高温以来已有所转凉，但本月在奥斯汀举行的州教育委员会会议上，气温仍将居高不下——届时相关官员将就德克萨斯州学校中气候变化课程的教学方式展开讨论。

Pat Hardy, who sympathizes with the views of the energy sector, is resisting proposed changes to science standards for pre-teen pupils. 

【生词】sympathize vi.同情，怜悯, 共鸣，同感, 支持，赞成, 安慰

【翻译】认同能源行业观点的帕特·哈迪正抵制针对未成年学生科学教育标准的拟议修订。

These would emphasize the primacy of human activity in recent climate change and encourage discussion of mitigation measures.

【生词】mitigation n.缓解，减轻，平静

【翻译】这些举措将强调人类活动在近期气候变化中的主导作用，并推动关于减缓措施的讨论。

Most scientists and experts sharply dispute Hardy’s views. 

【生词】dispute v.质疑, 辩论，争论, 争夺; n.争论，争端，纠纷

【翻译】大多数科学家和专家对哈代的观点持有强烈异议。

“They casually dismiss the career work of scholars and scientists as just another misguided opinion.”says Dan Quinn, senior communications strategist at the Texas Freedom Network, a non-profit group that monitors public education. 

【生词】casually adv.偶然地, 无意地, 未经考虑地, 漫不经心地

dismiss v.不考虑, 解雇

【翻译】“他们将学者与科学家的学术研究成果轻率地斥为又一次误判的观点，”德克萨斯自由网络（Texas Freedom Network）的高级传播战略师丹·奎因表示。该网络是一家致力于监测公共教育的非营利组织。

“What millions of Texas kids learn in their public schools is determined too often by the political ideology of partisan board members, rather than facts and sound scholarship.”

【生词】ideology n.思想，思想意识

partisan adj.党派性的, 偏袒的

【翻译】数以百万计的德克萨斯州学生在公立学校接受的教育，往往过多地取决于党派系董事会成员的政治意识形态，而非基于事实与严谨的学术研究。

Such debates reflect fierce discussions across the US and around the world, as researchers, policymakers, teachers and students step up demands for a greater focus on teaching about the facts of climate change in schools.

【翻译】此类辩论反映了美国及全球范围内展开的激烈讨论——研究人员、政策制定者、教师及学生纷纷呼吁，学校应更加重视开展关于气候变化事实的教学。

A study last year by the National Center for Science Education, a non-profit group of scientists and teachers, looking at how state public schools across the country address climate change in science classes, gave barely half of US states a grade B+ or higher. 

【翻译】去年，由科学家与教师组成的非营利组织——美国国家科学教育中心开展的一项研究，旨在考察全美各州公立学校在科学课程中如何应对气候变化问题，结果显示，仅有不到半数的美国州获得了 B+ 或更高等级的评分。

Among the 10 worst performers were some of the most populous states, including Texas, which was given the lowest grade (F) and has a disproportionate influence because its textbooks are widely sold elsewhere.

【生词】populous adj.人口众多的, 人口稠密的

disproportionate adj.不成比例的, 不相称的, 不均衡的, 打破平衡

【翻译】在表现最差的10个州中，包括一些人口最多的州，其中德克萨斯州获得了最低评级(F)，且因其教材在其他地区广泛销售，因而具有不成比例的影响力。

Glenn Branch, the center’s deputy director, cautions that setting state-level science standards is only one limited benchmark in a country that decentralizes decisions to local school boards. 

【生词】deputy n.副职, 代理，代表, 议员

benchmark n.基准，参照, 标准检查程序, 水准标

decentralize vt.权力分散, 人口疏散, 密度分散; vi.地方分权, 疏散

Even if a state is considered a high performer in its science standards, “that does not mean it will be taught”, he says.

Another issue is that, while climate change is well integrated into some subjects and at some ages--such as earth and space sciences in high schools--it is not as well represented in curricula for younger children and in subjects that are more widely taught, such as biology and chemistry. 

【生词】curricula n.课程, 总课程( curriculum的名词复数 )

【翻译】另一个问题是，尽管气候变化已充分融入某些学科及特定学段的教学内容——例如高中阶段的地球与空间科学课程——但在低龄儿童的课程体系中，以及在生物学与化学等更广泛开设的学科中，其体现程度仍相对不足。

It is also less prominent in many social studies courses.

Branch points out that, even if a growing number of official guidelines and textbooks reflect scientific consensus on climate change, unofficial educational materials that convey more slanted perspectives are being distributed to teachers. 

【生词】consensus n.共识，一致看法

slanted adj.有偏见的, 倾斜的

【翻译】Branch 指出，尽管越来越多的官方指南与教科书已体现关于气候变化的科学共识，但传播更具倾向性观点的非官方教育材料仍被分发给教师。

They include materials sponsored by libertarian think-tanks and energy industry associations.

【生词】libertarian n.（思想或行动等的）自由论者

think-tank 智囊团

【翻译】这些材料由自由意志主义智库及能源行业协会资助。